漫谈英语课堂教学常规

1、,Ideas about Classroom Teaching,Yichang Educational and Teaching Research Center 湖北省宜昌市教育教学研究中心 徐启富,漫谈英语课堂教学常规,初中英语课堂教学定义,初中英语课堂教学是初中英语教学的主阵地，是实施素质教育的主渠道，是激发学生情意、活跃学生思维，是使学生把所学知识转化成技能和能力、增强跨文化意识、发展学习策略和教师调控教学能力的主战场。,教学常规的基本特点和意义,课堂教学常规有两个基本特点： 一是稳定性。广大教师的教学活动基本都是按照课堂教学常规来开展的，没有课堂教学常规，教师的教学活动根本无法开展。

2、二是动态性。正因为课堂教学常规具有动态性的特点，所以每一次教育思想的涌动，都会带来教学观念的转变以及教学要求的变化。落实和改进课堂教学常规，才能从根本上推进素质教育。,教学常规的定义,课堂教学常规就是教师开展和处理课堂日常教学活动的一般行为方式，是教师的一种日常教学活动。具体而言，包括教师对于日常课堂教学方式、教学内容、教学组织形式、教学手段、教学管理和教学评价等方面的设计和安排。,讨论的问题,一、课堂教学的前期准备包括哪些方面？ 二、英语课堂教学的构成要素有哪些？ 三、英语教学设计需遵循哪些原则 ？ 四、什么样的教学方法才是有效的？ 五、应该如何评价一节英语课堂教学？ 六、如何不断地、自觉地

3、提高课堂教学的有 效性？,课堂教学的前期准备,学习大纲或课程标准 明确英语课程性质、目标、要求、教学原则、教学计划 选择和熟悉教材及其他课程资源 做好学生的需求调查，确定内容 分析教学实际和个人自身条件条件,确定方法 制定阶段教学计划 注意开发和利用校本课程资源,3300 单词 400-500 习惯用语,1500-1600 单词 200-300 习惯用语,一门外语过关,600-700 单词 50 习惯用语,一级,二级,三级,四级,五级,六级,七级,八级,九级,六年级结束时的 要求,九年级结束时的 要求,普通高中毕业 要求,课程设计思路,有条件的地区或学校可以提高相应级别的要求；条件暂不具备的地

4、区或学校可以适当降低相应级别的要求。,其他选 修课程,广泛运用课程资源,课程资源,教材，以及学生家庭、学校和社会生活中所有有利于学生英语能力发展的各种资源。,学校教育资源,图书馆,电脑室,音像设备及资料,社会英语资源,广播电视英语节目,英语报刊杂志,各种形式的活动,网教络育和资远源程,“Im the fun it is what communication is all about. We send messages; we receive them; we interpret them in a context; we negotiate meanings; and we collabora

5、te to accomplish certain purposes. And after several decades of research on teaching and learning languages, we have discovered that the best way to learn to interact is through interaction itself. (H. D. Brown),互动性,教学互动 师 生 生 师 生 生 教学模式 讲授 接受式 示范 模仿式 指导 自学式 提问 讨论式 引导 探究式,课堂中教师的问题,由展示型问题(display/clo

6、se questions)向咨询型问题(referential/open questions)过渡 知识型问题（knowledge questions) 理解型问题 (comprehension questions) 应用型问题 (application questions) 推理型问题 (inference questions) 分析型问题 (analysis questions) 综合型问题 (synthesis questions) 评价型问题 (evaluation questions),A close question is one to which there is only on

7、e answer: Do you like spaghetti? When did Wenchuan Earthquake break out? What kind of computer do you use? An open question is one to which there are many possible answers: What is your opinion on the current crisis? How de you feel about working with flexitime?What would you do if you won $1,000,00

8、0?,教学中，很多老师都可能会问一些很差劲的问题。恰当提问的能力并非与生俱来。在教学过程中，老师本能的倾向是多说，将应答者引导到我们自己的思路上来，并用很多很多的问题去难为他（她），使之不堪重负 这种教学的结果是很不理想的，所获得的信息数量有限，质量也很差,How do you learn best?,This week we asked students at New Star High School about the best ways to learn more English. Many said they learnt by using English. Some students

9、 had more specific suggestions. Lillian Li, for example, said the best way to learn new words was by reading English magazines. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little. When we asked about studying grammar, she said, “I never study grammar. Its boring.” Wei Ming feels di

10、fferently. He has been learning English for six years and really loves it. He thinks studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. He also thinks that watching English movies isnt a bad way because he can watch the actors say the words. Sometimes, however, he finds watching movies frustrating

11、 because the people speak too quickly. Liu Chang said that joining the English club at school was the best way to improve her English. Students get lots of practice and they also have fun. She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. “We get excited about something and th

12、en end up speaking in Chinese,” she said.,Types of questions,What is the best way to learn English? What does Lillian Li think of studying grammar? What is the main idea of this passage? What do you think is the best way to learn English? Whose idea do you think is the most important? Please list th

13、e best ways to learn English the students mentioned. What do you think of Lillian Lis idea about grammar?,Types of questions,Can you name three things people do at Spring Festival? What is the main idea of the first paragraph? What do you usually do during the long holiday? What conclusion can you d

14、raw from the text? Can you compare the spring festivals in different countries? What would you do if you were Jeanne? What is the moral of this story? Do you think Bill Gates is a great man?,合作性,单独学习 合作学习 （对子、小组） 产生交互式学习 降低焦虑，提供轻松的氛围 增进责任感和自主性 在大班中调动每个学生的积极性 有利于个性化学习,英语大班教学对策,深入了解学生，贯彻以学生为主体原则 培养兴趣，

15、激发动机 实施分层教学，照顾全体学生 利用小组活动，促进合作学习 改进操练途径，促进技能形成 培养自主学习能力，减少学生对教师的依赖 重视师生感情交流，共建和谐课堂,教学方法有效性,博采众长 兼收并蓄 采用综合的教学路子 采用方法需考虑： 教学目标 情感 知识 技能 策略 文化 教学对象 年龄 个性 学习风格 学习习惯 教学环境 ESL/EFL 文化和语言环境 班级大小 课时 母语 教学资源的有效使用,精彩中的遗憾课堂教学失误例说,直奔主题 设计不当 涛声依旧 忽视文化 要求偏高 缺乏创新 评价单一,教学资源利用,能充分发挥现有的教学资源，如印制的材料、黑板等 能充分利用多种媒体辅助教学 能设计并运用课件、动画、音像技术 能根据实际情况整合教材，即增、删、改等。灵活地、有创造性地使用教材 能从实际出发创造校本资源 能使用报刊、杂志等教学资源,评价性,课堂活动得到及时的