高中英语教学资料--unit1period3

1、Unit 1Women of achievement Period 3 Learning about Language 主谓一致,【观察思考】 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Bob_a worker. (be) 2. All of them_workers. (be) 3. The research group_of five people. (consist) 4. He has to worry. His food_run out. (have) 5. Two years_passed since he left Xian. (have),is,are,consists,has,has,

2、6. The old_being taken good care of in our society. (be) 7. Not only you but also he_wrong. (be) 8. The teacher with two students_at the meeting. (be),are,is,was,【语法探究】 . 名词作主语时的主谓一致 1. 集合名词family, group, class, team, club, crowd, police, audience, company, committee, government等被看作一个整体 时, 谓语动词用单数形式

3、; 如果表示成员, 谓语动词则用复数形 式。 My family _ very large. 我的家庭很大。(强调整体) His family _ waiting for him. 他的家人在等他。(强调成员),is,are,2. 单、复数同形名词means, sheep, deer, series, works, species 等作主语时, 必须根据具体意思来确定其谓语的单、复数形 式。 All possible means have been tried. (翻译) _ Every possible means has been tried. (翻译) _,所有可能的方法都试了。,每一种

4、可能的方法都试了。,3. 表示成双成套的名词, 如trousers, shoes, glasses, clothes等作 主语, 谓语用复数。若与a pair/suit of连用, 谓语用单数形式。 A pair of glasses _ quite a lot now. (cost) 现在一副眼镜值很多钱。 The shoes _ _ my feet, so Ill change them. (fit) 我的鞋不合脚, 因此我要换一双。,costs,dont,fit,4. clothing, baggage/luggage, furniture, jewellery, equipment等不

5、可数名词作主语, 谓语用单数形式。 The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain. 我们厂的设备都是从英国进口的。,. 并列主语的主谓一致 1. 名词+ with (along with/together with/as well as / rather than/but/like等)+名词, 作主语时谓语动词的形式与第一个名 词一致。 The mother along with her two children _ _ _ _ every weekend. 母亲与她的两个孩子每个周末都去公园。 A gift togethe

6、r with many flowers _ _ to me on Teachers Day. 教师节那天有人送给我一件礼物和很多鲜花。,goes,to,the,park,was,sent,2. 由or, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also 等连接的并列主语, 通常根据就近原则, 谓语动词与和它邻近 的主语一致。 Either he or I _ to blame. 不是他就是我该受责备。 Not only the teacher but also his students _ _ invite

7、d to the meeting. 不但老师就连他的学生们也被邀请去参加这次会议。,am,have,been,3. 由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no, every, each, many a等 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Every boy and every girl in the class is studying hard. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都在用功学习。 No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。,【悟一悟参透误区】 由and连接的两个单数名词表示两个不同的概念时, 谓语用复数; 但当表示同一人、物或同一概念时, 谓语动词仍用单数。 The

8、 scientist and professor has made great contributions to the research. 这位科学家兼教授在这项研究中做出了巨大贡献。,. 数量概念作主语时的主谓一致 1. 表示时间、距离、重量、价格等的名词复数形式作主语时, 常看成一个整体, 谓语动词用单数。 $ 5, 000 is a large sum of money for him. 对他来说五千美元是一笔不少的钱。 40 kilometers is a long distance for him to get there on foot. 四十千米的路途对他步行来说是一段很长的距

9、离。,2. a number of修饰名词作主语时谓语动词用复数; the number of修饰名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。 A number of new houses _ _ _ there. 那儿已建了许多新房子。 _ _ _ people doing fitness training is on the increase. 进行健身锻炼的人数在不断增加。,have,been,built,The,number,of,3. 一般来说, a large quantity of修饰名词作主语时谓语动词通 常用单数; 而large quantities of修饰名词作主语时, 谓语动词 通常用

10、复数。 A large quantity of trees has been planted on either side of the road. =Large quantities of trees _ _ planted on either side of the road. 道路两旁种植了很多树。,have,been,4. some, most, rest以及分数或百分数修饰名词时, 谓语动词的单复数根据所指代的名词而确定。 Two thirds of his income has been spent on books. 他收入的2/3都花在了买书上。,5. population表示

11、“人口”总称时, 谓语常用单数, 常用形容词large或small修饰; 表示“几分之几”的人口则是指具体人口, 谓语用复数。 70% of the population in that country are still in poverty. 那个国家70%的人仍在贫困中。,. 定语从句中的主谓一致 1. 在定语从句中, 关系代词that, who, which等作主语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。 2. 在“one of +复数名词+ who/which/that引导的定语从句”中, 若关系代词在定语从句中充当主语, 谓语常用复数。若one前有the(only/very

12、/right)修饰时, 定语从句的谓语动词用单数。,Those who enjoy singing may join us. 喜欢唱歌的那些人可以加入我们。 Tom is one of the students who have passed the exam. 汤姆是通过这次考试的学生中的一个。 Tom is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. 汤姆是唯一通过这次考试的学生。,. 不定式/动名词/主语从句作主语时的主谓一致 主语从句、不定式或动名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数。 When the meeting wil

13、l be held _ _ _ _ yet. 何时开会还没有定下来。 Reading in the sun _ _ _ our eyes. 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。,has,not,been,decided,does,harm,to,【悟一悟参透误区】 what引导主语从句, 谓语动词通常用单数, 但后面所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语则可用复数形式。 What we need are teachers. 我们所需要的是老师。,【真题体验】 1. (2014湖南高考)All we needa small piece of land where we can plant various kin

14、ds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. A. areB. wasC. isD. were 【解析】选C。考查主谓一致。句意: 我们所需要的就是一小块土地, 能够在一年的生长季节在上面种植各种各样的果树。句子的主干为All we needa small piece of land, 其中we need是定语从句, all在此指的是a small piece of land, 且根据语境知为现在时态, 故谓语动词应用is。,2. (2013江苏高考)Generally, students inner motivat

15、ion with high expectations from othersessential to their development. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意: 一般说来, 学生的内在动机和来自于他人的高期望值对他们的发展是必要的。此处考查主谓一致中的就前原则, 除了with外, 还有together with, along with, as well as, but, except, rather than等。根据就前原则, 谓语动词的数应与inner motivation一致, 因此使用单数形式, 排除B项和D项。然后根

16、据generally确定使用一般现在时, 因此答案为A。,【易错点拨】 本题学生容易误选B, 因为有些学生认为with, together with, along with, as well as等连接两个名词作主语时遵循就近原则, 其实是就远原则, 故选A。,3. (2013湖南高考)The university estimates that living expenses for international studentsaround $8, 450 a year, whicha burden for some of them. A. are; isB. are; are C. is;

17、areD. is; is,【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意: 这所大学估计一名国际生的生活开销每年大约是8 450美元, 这对其中的一些学生来说是一大负担。living expenses生活开销, 为复数名词, 故谓语动词用复数; $8, 450为金钱概念, 谓语动词用单数。,4. (2012陕西高考)The basketball coach, as well as his team, interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. A. wereB. was C. isD. are,【解析】选B。考

18、查时态和主谓一致。句意: 比赛后不久, 那位篮球教练和他的队员们因为他们的出色表现而受到了采访。根据句意可知事情已经发生, 所以用过去时, 排除C和D。主语后接as well as短语作插入语时, 谓语动词形式不受其影响。这里的主语The basketball coach是单数, 所以谓语动词应该用单数, B项符合题意。,【真题拓展】 1. (2012湖南高考)All the scientific evidencethat increasing use of chemicals in farmingdamaging our health. A. show; areB. shows; are C

19、. show; isD. shows; is,【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。句意: 所有的科学证据表明在农业生产中越来越多地使用化学物品对我们的健康有害。evidence为不可数名词, 作主语时谓语动词用单数; 题干中的第二个空的主语应该是use, 为不可数名词, 谓语动词用单数, 故D项正确。,2. (2011安徽高考)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of whichsaved for other purposes. A. isB. areC. wasD. were,【解析】选D。考查时态与主谓一致。句意:

20、该工厂使用了65%的原材料, 其余的用作其他用途。非限制性定语从句中的主语the rest意为“其余的”, 谓语动词应与of后的名词一致, 而which指代先行词materials, 故谓语用复数; 定语从句中的时态应与主句中的谓语动词used一致, 故用过去时态。从时态和主谓一致两方面考虑, 选择D项。,. 阅读理解 Mulan is a young woman in ancient China who disguises(假扮)herself as a man in order to fight in her fathers place against the Huns. This leg

21、end dates back to a 6th century Chinese poem. In the poem, Mulan is a strong and independent woman.,As we first see Mulan, she is preparing to meet with a matchmaker(媒人)to find a suitable husband and honour the family name. To ensure good luck, her grandmother sends along Cri-Kee. However, Mulan is

22、not yet ready to have a husband. Soon after this disappointing turn, her father is drafted(征募)to serve in the army against the Huns. Mulan decides to honour her family by fighting in her fathers place, so she leaves with her horse to other soldiers. Before she leaves, Mulan asks for guidance from he

23、r ancestors; they send a tiny dragon named Mushu to watch over her, but he may bring more trouble than help. Mushu and Cri-Kee provide much of the comedy in the movie.,Mulan is a great family film, suitable for almost any age. There are few frightening or overly violent scenes. The comedy is success

24、ful and its characters are easier for young children to watch. Whats more, music is an important part of the movie and the music numbers are well-placed, and while they maintain Disney standards, they also manage to show the mood of different time and places. 【语篇概述】文章讲述的是动画片木兰的故事梗概以及它成功的原因。,1. What

25、happened at the beginning of the film? A. Mulan disguised a man. B. Mulan was preparing to meet with a matchmaker. C. An order called for soldiers to the front. D. Mulan was playing in the yard.,【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句话“As we first see Mulan, she is preparing to meet with a matchmaker to find a suita

26、ble husband and honour the family name. ”可知, 在电影的开头, 木兰正准备见媒婆, 故答案选B。,2. We can infer thatplays an important part in making Mulan a successful film. A. fierce war scenesB. young children C. well-placed musicD. mood of audience 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段的最后一句话可知, 恰当安排的音乐对动画片木兰的成功起到了很重要的作用, 故选C。,3. Which

27、of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage? A. Mulan went to her fathers place alone. B. Mulan was a violent movie. C. Mulan was a film only for young children. D. Cri-Kee and Mushu increase much of the humor to the film. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章第二段最后一句说明了电影中Mushu和Cri-Kee喜剧色彩给电影增色不少。,4. What

28、 is the main idea of the passage? A. Mulan is a young famous woman in ancient China. B. Mulan is a famous poem. C. Mulan is a successful movie. D. Mulan, Mushu and Cri-Kee are good friends. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文, 文章讲述的是动画片木兰的故事梗概以及它成功的原因。,. 任务型阅读 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is there anyt

29、hing more important than health? I dont think so. “Health is the greatest wealth, ”wise people say. 1 If you have a headache, toothache, backache, or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad cough, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you should go to the doctor.,The do

30、ctor will examine your throat, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed. 2The only thing you have to do is follow his advice. 3,An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and s