Lesson 3 Chapter 3科技英语翻译幻灯片.ppt

1、EST Translation,Chapter 3,1 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 2 Were there no gravity, there would be no air around the earth. 假如没有重力，地球周围就没有空气。 3 This kind of machine can work in succession for five or six days. 这种机器可以连续运行五六天。,Translation,EST- Clipping

2、Words,auto dozer quake fridge flue lab phone maths gas amp,automobile bulldozer earthquake refrigerator influenza laboratory telephone mathematics gasoline ampere,EST- Abbreviations,1 Acronyms laser light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation 通过受激发射光扩大。 radar radio detecting and ranging

3、“无线电探测与定位” sonar sound navigation and ranging “声音导航与测距”，是一种利用声波在水下的传播特性，通过电声转换和信息处理，完成水下探测和通讯任务的电子设备。,AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome 获得性免疫缺乏综合症 艾滋病 2 Initials UPS uninterrupted power supply 不间断电源 不断电系统,CAD CD GPS IC IT VCD WWW CPU,Computer Assisted Design compact disc Global Positioning Sy

4、stem integrated circuit information technology video compact disc World Wide Web central processing unit,I 名词的翻译,1 直译 In an unusual application, this organization uses a fingerprint scanner to monitor the comings and goings of its residents. 一个不同寻常的用途是：这个机构使用指纹扫描器监视居住人员的进出。 A capacitor is used to el

5、iminate sparking when a circuit containing inductance is suddenly opened. 当含有电感的电路突然断开时，可用电容器消除火花。,2 重复 Energy can neither be created, nor destroyed by any means known to man. 用人们已知的方法，既不能创造能量也不能消灭能量。 It is customary to refer to design levels as high or low on component complexity. 习惯上根据部件的复杂程度把设计级称

6、为高设计级和低设计级。,增译 According to the molecular theory the temperature of an object depends on the average speed of its molecules. 根据分子理论的原理，物体的温度取决于其分子的平均速度。,4 转译 All plants and animals need carbon for growth. 所有动植物均需要碳才能生长。 The primary concern of electrical engineering is the doing of work by the delive

7、ry of energy. 电工学主要关注的是通过输送能量做功的情况。,科技术语的译法,1音译法 1) 完全音译 技术单位，科技专名，首字母缩略词,加伦 欧姆 品脱 磅,gallon ohm pint pound,ounce ampere volt calorie joule hertz watt clone hacker nylon,盎司 安培 伏特 卡路里 焦耳 赫兹 瓦特 克隆 黑客 尼龙,engine vitamin penicillin combine laser diesel microphone ultimatum modern romantic,发动机 维生素 青霉素 联合收割

8、机 激光 柴油机 话筒 最后通牒 现代 传奇式,引擎 维他命 盘尼西林 康拜因 莱塞镭射 狄塞尔 麦克风 哀的美敦书 摩登 罗曼蒂克,2)音意合译,Magnus moment Einstein equation Doppler effect Curie plot Bessel function radar chain force pump,玛格努斯力矩 爱因斯坦方程 多普勒效应 居里曲线 贝塞尔函数 雷达防线 压力泵,3) 音译增补汉语语素,alnico carbine carnival konstantan sauna,阿尔尼科铁镍铝钴合金 卡宾枪 嘉年华会 康铜 桑拿浴,2 借译,emot

9、ional quotient firewall information superhighway microwave test-tube baby millennium bug router linear-induction motor nano-technology,情商 防火墙 信息高速公路 微波 试管婴儿 千年虫 路由器 汽轮机列车 纳米技术,借用动物，常用物品，人体器官引申为专业术语,fox cock fish bench desk bed foot hand tooth,绳索 旋塞，吊车 接合板，夹板 拉床，钳工台 控制屏 底座，机床身 支座 手柄，指针 粗糙面,3 形象译法,T-s

10、quare H-post I-steel T-beam Z-iron X-brace O-ring V-brace,丁字尺 工字杆 工字钢 丁字梁 乙字铁 叉形支撑 O 环形 V形切口,4 拆译,barothemograph baro themo graph 气压 温度 记录器 气压温度计 carboxyhemoglobin carbo xy hemo globin 碳 氧 血 蛋白 碳氧血红蛋白,telemicroscope tele micro scope 远 微观 镜 望远显微镜 magnetohydrodynamics magnet ohydro dynamics 磁 水/氢 力学 磁

11、流体力学,冠词的翻译,1 不定冠词 1) 一般译法 A polymer is a substance of high molecular weight. 聚合物是一种高分子的物质。 Being a good insulator, rubber is often used in cables. 橡胶是一种良好的绝缘体，所以经常使用在电缆上。,The patient was administered the mixture twice a week. 这种混合剂病人每周服用两次。 These machines may be oiled once or twice a month. 这些机器每个月可

12、以加一次或两次油。,2) 省译 A bearing can be defined as a member specifically designed to support moving machine components. 轴承可以定义为一种专门用于支撑运动着的机器零件的构件。 Use a transformer and power at low voltage can be changed into power at high voltage. 使用变压器可将低压电转变为高压电。,An object at rest has no kinetic energy, its velocity b

13、eing zero. 静止的物体没有动能，因为它的速度为零。 on a large scale 大规模地 a majority of 大多数的 a wealth of 大量的 as a result 结果，因此,2 定冠词的翻译 1) 一般译法 The mechanism has been termed cumulative feedback inhibition. 这种机制就叫做累加反馈抑制。 2) 省译 The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. 计算机的基本任务是处理信息。,Exercise,The ru

14、sting of iron is the slow chemical combination of the elements iron and oxygen in moist atmosphere. 铁生锈是铁元素和氧元素在湿空气中缓慢化合的现象。 He is a stranger to the operation of the electronic computer. 他对电子计算机的操作是陌生的。,A key element in system capacity planning is the financial cost of performance. 系统能力计划中关键因素是性能的金融

15、成本。 The study of the strength of solids involves the study of the defects in the crystalline structure. 研究固体的强度，就必须研究晶体结构中的缺陷。,The decay of organic matter is a slow oxidation by oxygen in the air. 有机物的腐烂是空气中的氧引起的一种缓慢氧化过程。 In order to improve a certain kind of battery, Edison spent almost ten years a

16、nd made nearly 50,000 experiments. 为了改善一种电池的性能，爱迪生花了差不多十年时间，做了近50000次试验。,Translation,1 Series circuits do have the advantage of increasing resistance to reduce current when this is desirable. 2 The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a generator or dynamo. 3 The

17、application of electronic computers makes a tremendous rise in labor productivity.,4 With an equation we can work with an unknown quantity. 5 当温度低于零摄氏度或高于43摄氏度时，大多数植物都会受到伤害甚或死亡。,Translation,1 Series circuits do have the advantage of increasing resistance to reduce current when this is desirable. 串联电路确实有这样的优点：在需要时用来加大电阻来减少电流。 （n. 直译） 2 The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a generator or dynamo. 利用发电机能把机械能转变回电能。 （art.省译）,3 The application of electronic computers makes a trem