主题：英语语言学试题（2005-2006）

1、主题：英语语言学试题（2005-2006）全国2005年10月自学考试现代语言学试题. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets. (2%10=20%)1. The tone, defined as pitch variation, is an important suprasegmental

2、feature of tone languages such as . A. Chinese B. EnglishC. Chinese and English D. English and French2. Voicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of . A. the velumB. the vocal cordsC. the glottis D. the uvula3. The words that contain only one morpheme are called . A. bound mor

3、phemes B. affixesC. free morphemes D. roots4. Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called . A. phase structure rules B. syntactic rules C. lexical rules D. transformational rules5. The naming theory was proposed by . A. the Greek scholar Plato B. C.K. Ogden and I.A. Richards C. the

4、British linguist J. Firth D. the American linguist L. Bloomfield6. Speech act theory was first proposed by . A. John Austin B. John SearleC. Noam Chomsky D. John Firth7. linguistics refers to the study of a language or languages at a single point in time, without reference to earlier or later stages

5、. A. Diachronic B. SynchronicC. Historical D. Comparative8. Different functional speech varieties known as are expected in, say, a church sermon, a diplomatic encounter, a family dinner, or a sports broadcast. A. registers B. stylesC. dialects D. accents 9. is the study of language in relation to th

6、e mind. A. Psycholinguistics B. SociolinguisticsC. Linguistics D. Semantics 10. In general, childrens holophrastic sentences begin . A. in the late part of the first year or the early part of the second year B. in the second half of the second year C. between two and three years old D. between four

7、and five years old. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%10=10%)11. Language can be defined as a system

8、 of arbitrary v symbols used for human communication.12. To satisfy the needs of the phoneticians in the study of speech sounds, a set of symbols called d are added to broad transcription to show the more subtle differences between similar sounds.13. The meaning of a compound is often i ,not always

9、being the sum total of the meanings of its components.14. The clause into which another clause is embedded is called a m clause.15. Componential analysis is based on the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called s features.16. C is regarded as constituted by

10、all kinds of knowledge assumed to be shared by the speaker and the hearer.17. The major phonological change in the history of English known as the Great Vowel Shift involves seven long, or t , vowels of Middle English.18. Certain words in all societies are considered t - they are forbidden or to be

11、avoided.19. Its known that specialized linguistic and perceptual skills are each localized in a particular hemisphere of the brain. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain is called l .20. C speech refers to the simple, modified speech used by p

12、arents, baby-sitters, etc. when they talk to young children who are acquiring their native language. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must ex

13、plain why you think so and give the correct version.(2%10=20%)21.( ) According to Chomsky, a speaker can produce and understand an unlimited number of sentences because he possesses an internalized set of rules about his language.22. ( ) Phonological rules are not language specific, i.e. once proved

14、 to be valid, they can be applied to all languages.23. ( ) Under the Case Condition principle, when the Move rule operates to change a sentence from the active voice to the passive voice, it can move a noun phrase to any Case receiving position.24. ( ) Lexical categories are generally known as parts

15、 of speech, and a language has major and minor lexical categories of a finite set.25. ( ) A grammatically well-formed sentence is always semantically well-formed.26. ( ) All illocutionary acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose or the same illocutionary point.27. ( ) Borrowing o

16、ccurs when one language takes a word or morpheme from another language and adds it to its lexicon.28. ( ) It is obvious that the standard variety of language is the correct form of language.29. ( ) Human linguistic ability largely depends on the structure of their vocal cords.30. ( ) According to Be

17、haviorist learning theory, children are believed to gradually assume correct forms of the language of their community when their “bad” speech gets corrected and when their good speech gets positively reinforced. Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration. (3%

18、10=30%)31. cultural transmission (as a defining feature of human language)32. phoneme33. linguistic competence34. syntactic movement 35. homonymy36. derivation37. idiolect 38. the critical period hypothesis39. intrapersonal communication 40. telegraphic speech. Answer the following questions.(10%2=2

19、0%) 41. Prefixes occur at the beginning of a word, and modify the meaning of a stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word. Do you think it is true? Support your answer with examples.42. What are the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle? Please give examples to show h

20、ow the flouting of these maxims gives rise to conversational implicature (Give at least two examples, each flouting a different maxim).2006年10月全国自考“现代语言学”试题. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the let

21、ter A, B, C, or D in the brackets.(2%10=20%)1Vibration of the vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called voicing, which is a feature of（）Aall consonants Bvowels onlyCall consonants and some vowels Dall vowels and some consonants2The negative prefix“ in-”in English, when added to the ad

22、jective “possible”, is actually pronounced/im/,and spelt as “im”. This is the result of the _rule at work.（）Adeletion BassimilationCphonetic Dsequential3The word “ecology” is a two-morpheme cluster that contains_.（）Atwo roots Ba root and a suffixCa root and a free morpheme Da prefix and a root4When

23、we move the adverbial phrase “every day” in the sentence “Every day, we study English” to the end of the sentence, we are now _ the phrase to the right.（）Arewriting BpreposingCpostposing Dmaintaining5Antonyms are divided into several kinds .Which of the following is NOT a kind of antonyms?（）Acomplem

24、entary BrelationalCsuperordinate Dgradable6In terms of predication analysis , the utterance“ Is it going to snow this afternoon?” is a_（）Aone-place predication Btwo-place predicationCthree-place predication Dno-place predication7In Old English, word order was freer because the case endings were rich

25、. So in Old English, word orders included SVO, VSO, SOV and OSV. However, Modern English has a much weaker case system, so its sentences have to follow a basic word order of_.（）ASOV BSVOCVSO DOSV8Black English is a kind of _dialect.（）Aregional BstandardCethnic Dsituational9The critical period for la

26、nguage acquisition refers to the short period of _years old in ones life, during which the human brain is most ready to acquire a particular language.（）A1-2 B2-12C1-12 D13-1810In a sense, humans can be said to be biologically programmed to acq点击:2047|回复:8|标签:uire at least one language. What is meant

27、 by this _view of language acquisition is that humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use.（）Abehaviorist BnativistCmentalist Dempiricist. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given a

28、s a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1%10=10%)11.A scientific study of language is based on the s_ investigation of language data.12.The limited range of sounds which are meaningful in human linguistic communication and are of inte

29、rest to linguistic studies are called the p_ medium of language.13.phrase structure rules can generate an infinite number of sentences with infinite length, due to their r_ properties.14.A f_ clause is a clause that takes a subject and a main verb, and at the same time stands structurally alone.15.I

30、n terms of truth condition, if X is true, Y is false, and if X is false, Y is true. The relationship between X and Y is i_16.In Austin s early speech act theory, c_ were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.17.In the historical development of language, sound change is i

31、nevitable, such as sound loss, sound a_ and sound movement.18.Slang is often perceived as a low or vulgar form of language and is deemed to be undesirable in f_ styles of language.19.D_ listening tests involve simultaneously presenting, through earphones, two different auditory signals, one to the r

32、ight ear and the other to the left ear.20.At childrens language development, one-word utterances can be used to express a concept or predication similar to a sentence in adult speech. For example, a child might use the word “dada” to mean “Dada, come here”, “more” to mean “Give me more candy”. Those

33、 utterances can also be called h_ sentences.Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the bracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.(2%10=

34、20%)21.( )Language can be studied both synchronically and diachronically. The two approaches are equally favored by modern linguists.22. ( )Stress is a suprasegmental feature that is exclusively used with words, not with sentences.23. ( )A compound can be written as one word with or without a hyphen

35、 between its components, or as two separate words. It is simply a matter of convention.24. ( )Major lexical categories are closed categories because the number of lexical items in these categories is fixed and no new members are allowed for.25. ( )The important criteria to distinguish polysemy from homonymy are the etymology of the words in question and the closeness of the relationship between the meanings in question.26. ( )The significance of Grices Cooperative Principle lies in that it explains how it is pos