高二英语Grammar and usage课件.ppt

1、Unit 2 What is happiness?,Grammar and usage,Past and future tenses,Brainstorming,Who can make the story more interesting? The wind _ hard yesterday. Our English teacher _ busy. She _ at seven in the morning because she _ last week. While she was _, her daughter_. She _ by last week,Past tenses,The s

2、imple past tense,1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1980 等。 Eg. I saw Tom in the street yesterday. I bought this TV set in Beijing last year.,2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 Eg. When I was a child, I often played football in the street. He always went to work

3、 by bus.,3）一般过去时还可用于虚拟语气中的非真实的动作或状态，常用于特定句型中表示现在和将来时间。 如：Its time you had a holiday. I wish you lived closer to us. If only he didnt drive so fast! If I had the money, Id buy a car. -Can I smoke here? -Id rather you didnt.,If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. If he were here now, we could turn

4、to him for help.,我在这个初中上了两年。（现在已经高中） I in this school for two years. A studied B have studied,一般过去时和一般现在时和现在完成时的区别 Eg. He is a chemist.（尚健在） He was a chemist.(生前，已去世） It was nice to meet you .(见面后离别时） It is nice to meet you .(见面时） Jane did a lot of work this morning .(话是当天下午或者晚上讲的） Jane has done a l

5、ot of work this morning .(话是上午讲的） Did you see the film?(此片已不在放映) Have you seen the film?(此片仍在放映),1) 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。常与at that time , the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等连用。 Eg. What was he doing this time yesterday? In 2001 she was studying in a university.

6、,The past continuous tense,2.过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station.,3.表示按计划安排过去即将发生的动作 He told me he was leaving soon. Ten of them were coming for meeting.,4.表示委婉语气，只限于want ,hope ,wander等

7、动词，用以提出请求 I was wandering if you could help me. I was hoping you could send me a book.,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,1.过去进行时表示过去反复发生的动作，一般过去时表示只做一次的动作 She was waving her hand.她不断挥手。 She waved her hand.她挥了挥手。 2 . leave ,arrive ,start ,die等的过去进行时表示“快要完成，即将。”而一般过去时表示“已经完成” The train was stopping.火车快要停了。 The train sto

8、pped.火车停了。,1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。 By the end of last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 2）过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 By the time he was twelve, Edison had began t

9、o make a living by himself.,The past perfect tense,3.在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.,（3）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 4. hope ,expect, think want等词的

10、过去完成时用于比较结构中 He did better than we had thought.他做的比我们原想的要好。 Things went more smoothly than we had hoped.事情进展地比我们希望的要顺利。,Future tenses,结构：shall/will 加上动词原形 Shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见常用于第二人称。 Eg. Which paragraph shall I read first？ Will you be at home at seven this evening?,The simp

11、le future tense,2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month. c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.,3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.,4

12、) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。,be going to / will的用法之比较： 用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。例： If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes,

13、 we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.,be to和be going to 的用法之比较： be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 则表示主观的打算或计划。 Eg.I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排),1.) 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。如： Eg. This time tomorrow I shall b

14、e flying to Guangzhou. What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning? Well be watching television all evening.,The future continuous tense,2) 表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按照安排将要发生的动作。 Eg. Well be having tea after dinner as usual. The leaves will be falling soon. We shall be having a meeting tomorrow morning.

15、 Ill be taking my holidays soon.,基本形式： wouldshould动词原形 （其中 would 用于各种人称， should 常用于第一人称）。 They were sure they would win the final victory He didnt expect that we should（would）all be there,The future in the past,过去将来时的一些其它表达形式： 1wasweregoing to动词原形 He said he was going to try 2waswereto动词原形 They said

16、 the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day,用法注意点： 1在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过 去时来表示过去将来时。 He said he would come to see you when he had time 2“would动词原形”可表示过去习惯性的 动作。不管什么人称，都可用would。 When he was a child, he would get up early,将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作。与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在

17、时的从句连用。例： By the end of this week, I shall have finished the book. The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home.,The future perfect tense,注意：使用这种时态时，多会涉及两个动作或状态，一个在前，一个在后；叙述前面的动作或状态，动词要用将来完成时；叙述后面的动作或状态，动词要用一般现在时。 We will have completed the work before you come. We will have played b

18、all when you come. （或 when you come, we will have played ball.） He says that he will have graduated from a university before you return home.,By the end of this month, we surely _ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are finding The conference

19、_ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted,The future perfect tense,1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart. A. wasnt m

20、aking B. dont make C. wont makeD. didnt make 2. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years. A. is changingB. has changed C. will have changedD. will change 3. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer. A. will

21、 swim B. have swumC. swam D. swims 4. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now. A. hasnt turned up B. doesnt turn up C. wont turn up D. hadnt turned up,5. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus. A. catch B. had caughtC. caughtD. catching 6. The truth, sir, is that

22、 the old man _ across the road when my car hit him. A. was to walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walking 7. I really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and see her in case she _. A. is B. does C. will beD. has been 8. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ag

23、o no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _. A. were playingB. were to play C. had played D. played,9. Kate is in hospital. Oh, really? I _. _ visit her. A. didnt know; Ill go andB. dont know; Ill go and C. dont know; Im going toD. didnt know; Im going to 10. Where _ the guidebo

24、ok? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here, but now its gone. A. did you put; have putB. had you put; have put C. have you put; putD. were you putting; put 11. Do you live in this city? No, we _ it for holidays. A. just visit B. just visited C. are just visiting D. have visited 12. How is the old

25、 man now? Sorry, he _ though they did all they could to save him. A. was deadB. had died C. has been dead D. died,13.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _. A. will be taken B. are takenC. were taken D. had been taken 14. Im afraid it will be two months _. A. when I come back B. wh

26、en Ill come back C. before I come backD. before Ill come back 15.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office. A. had worked, had left B. were working ; had left C. working ; had leftD. had worked; left 16.The notice _ “No smoking”. A. is told B. readsC. tells D.

27、is read,17. The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 18. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 19. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at

28、 science. A. hoped; would become B. had hoped; would become C. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 20. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 21. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home

29、. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come,22.He stepped into the office, _ down and began to fill in the forms. A. sitting B. to sit C. sat D. having it 23.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far. A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont he

30、ar 24.When I got to the cinema, the film_for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was 25.Ill go with you as soon as I_my homework. A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished 26.If it_tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema. A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained 27.She is going to

31、be a nurse when she_up. A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew,28.“这本书我已经买了三个月了。” which is wrong？ A.I have had this book for three months. B.I have bought this book for three months. C.I bought this book three months ago. D.It is three months since I bought this book. 29. Come in, Peter, I want

32、 to show you something. Oh, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift. A.never think; are going B.never thought; were going C.didnt think; were going D.hadt thought; were going 30.When I was at college I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except for a few words of each. A.spoke;had forgotten

33、B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten 31.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _. A.has broken into; has been stolen B.had broken into; had been stolen C.has been broken into; stolen D.had been broken into; stolen,32.The volleyball match will be put off if it_. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 33.Mary _ a dress when she cu