高中英语复合句课件(公开课).ppt

1、主从复合句,名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句,复合句的种类,主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句,时间状语从句,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,比较状语从句,方式状语从句,构成从句的三大核心要素,连接词,语序,时态,陈述性,一致性（兼顾主句时态）,唯一性（重点）,名词性从句的连接词,名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其关联词有连词 that, if, whether；连接代词 what, who, which等和 连接副词 when, where, why, how等。,名词性从句类型判断,V（谓语动词）,主语从句,V

2、（谓语动词）,宾语从句,L.V（联系动词）,表语从句,N（名词）,同位语从句,定语语从句,为保持句子平衡， that 引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语而把真正的主语从句后置。主要有以下几种情况：, It is +n. ( a pity / a shame / a fact / no wonder ,etc )+ that-clause It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. It is no wonder that he is not hungry; he has been eatin

3、g sweets all day. It is +adj. ( certain / likely / probable / true , etc.) + that-clause It is probable that he told her everything. It is true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week., It is +p.p. (said / reported /believed ,etc. )+that-clause It is reported that China has sent another

4、man-made satellite into orbit. It +v. (seems / happened, etc. )+that-clause It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day. 其他情况: It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. It makes no difference where we had the meeting. It suddenly occurred to me that

5、 she had forgotten to lock the door.,1.You know that I am a teacher of English. 2. That I am a teacher of English is known to you all . 3. It is known to you all that I am a teacher of English. 4. The fact that I am a teacher of English is known to you all. 5. I am worried about whether you can do w

6、ell in the exam. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in the exam.,that I am a teacher of English,That I am a teacher of English,that I am a teacher of English,whether you can do well in the exam.,Object Clause,Subject Clause,Subject Clause,Predicative Clause,Appositive Clause,that

7、I am a teacher of English,whether you can do well in the exam.,Object Clause,判断下列从句的类型,Subject Clause,What I am worried about,1. 1989 These photographs will show you . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 2.

8、 1992Word has come some American guests will come for a visit to our school next week. what B. that C. whether D. when 3. 2004全国卷I I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one,名词性从句高考题赏析,4. 1995 is a fact that English is being accepted as an international

9、 language A.There B. This C. That D. It 5. 1996 we cant get seems better than we have. 6. 1999 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 7. 04湖南卷I think Father would like to know_Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quic

10、k note. A. which B. why C. what D. how,What , what B. What, that C. That ,that D. That , what,8.2001 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 9.2004全国卷IYou are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. 10. 2005浙江卷Danby left word wit

11、h my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which 11. 04天津卷A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 12. 04上海卷 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A

12、. where B. what C. that D. how,why B. where C. what D. how,定语从句的引导词,定语从句只用that不用which的几种情况,that指物时一般可以和which换用，但在下列几种情况下只用that不用which： 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, something等；如: We are ready to do something that is of some help to others. 先行词被all, only, no, some, any, every, each, few, li

13、ttle等修饰时；如： I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级等修饰时；如： The first lesson (that) Mr Green gave us will never be forgotten.,如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时；如： We know nothing about the doctors and hospitals (that) you are talking about. 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时;如 Who is that boy that was h

14、ere just now? 当引导词在从句中作表语时。如； China isnt the country that it used to be.,定语从句不能使用that的情况,定语从句中介词置于关系代词之前时，指人用whom，指物用which。如： Do you know the man to whom he is speaking? This is the house in which I lived last year. 引导非限制性定语从句不能用that。如： Mr Smith has two sons, both of whom worked abroad. Beijing , wh

15、ich is the capital of our country, has changed a lot . They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a boy of seventeen.,注意：如何判断介词,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,on,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词

16、的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.,with,in,3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,The rate _ which wild animals are being destr

17、oyed has increased. This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,The committee consists of 20 members, 5 of _ are women. The book contains 50 poems, most of _ were written in 1930s. There are two left, one of _ is almost finished, and the other of _ is not quite. I hav

18、e a sentence, the meaning of _ I dont understand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom,一.定语从句与同位语从句,1.When ,where,why在定从和同从中的应用 1) we havent yet settled the question_we are going to spend our summer vacation on 1st Oct. A.when B.where C.that D.which,2) Ill never forget the day _ I j

19、oined the League. A. when B.that C.in which D. which,3) The reason_he moved to the USA is not clear to me. A.why B.that C.when D.which,4) We havent found out the problem_the computer was out of order. A.why B.that C.which D.whether,5) Is this the reason_at the meeting for his being absent from his w

20、ork? A.why he explained B.he explained C.when he expained D.how he explained,小结:相同点:when,where,why在定从中和同从中均充当状语成分 不同点：when,where,why在定从中有相应的先行词，可表示为介词关系代词；而在同从中无相应先行词，不可表示为介关系代,That在定从与同从中的区别 用A:that B:which 填空,1) we all have heard the news_ our team won. 2) we dont believe the news_ he told us yest

21、erday.,A,B/A,3) the police ruled out (排除 ) the possibility _ Justin told them. 4)The police ruled out the possibility_ Jutin was taken away by the aliens. 5) The news_ you told me yesterday was true. 6) The news_ the president will visit our school spread quickly.,B/A,A,B/A,A,用A:that B:which 填空,小结:定

22、语从句与先行词是修饰关系,关系代词thatwhich在从句中做主,宾，表等成分,从句成分不完整;同位语从句与被解释词是解释说明关系,连接词that在句中不作成分,从句成分完整.,二.定从与主从,宾从和表从 1.定从与主从 翻译:不论谁在公共场所随意吐痰都该被罚 翻译:无论他做什么都不会对我有什么影响.,a.Whoever spits in public should be punished.,b.Anyone who spits in public should ,a.Whatever he does makes no difference to me.,b.Anything that he

23、does makes no ,小结:whoever=anyone who; whatever=anything that 判断正误: a.Who breaks the law will be punished b.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.( c.Who robbed the bank is not clear. d.Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. 小结:时态与意义判断.,.(误),正),(正),(误),1）As is known to us all, paper was first made i

24、n China. (定从) 2) It is known to us all that paper was first made in China.（主从） 3) What is known to us all is that paper was first made in China.（表从） 4) We all know that paper was first made in China.（宾从）,小结:定语从句与主宾表从句在特定情况下可以表示相同的意思。,填空： 1) He told us all _ had happened 10 years ago. A. that B. what

25、 C. which 2)He has told us all _ he experienced abroad. A. which B. what C. how D. when 小结 :what = something that all that = what 练习： Our hometown is no longer _ she was 20 years ago. A That B. which C. where D. what,2) It seems to us that no reason _ he gave us for his absense is believable. that B

26、. what C. why D. which 3) The art center is _ used to be a factory, _millions of tractors were made. what, where B. where, where C. what, which D. where, which,总结： 用什么样的关系词或连接词，均要在从句中分析查找。关系词和连接词存在某种转化关系： What= all that / something that Whatever= anything that Whoever = anyone who 2. 高考考查的趋势是多种复合句的融

27、合，而非单一句法的考查。,3. 定语从句与名词性从句的本质区别： 定从多存在被修饰的先行词，且先行词（或关系词）在从句中作成分；名从没有先行词，名从中的连接词除了that 、whether 外，均在从句中作成分。,状语从句,状语从句按意义和作用可分为： 时间状从、地点状从、原因状从 目的状从、结果状从、方式状从、 让步状从、条件状从、比较状从等九种。 状语从句放在主句之前常用逗号隔开； 放在主句之后不用逗号。,状语从句的引导词,1.时间状从：,2.地点状从：,3.原因状从：,8.让步状从,when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, si

28、nce , till, until ，the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the instant, immediately , no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when,where ，wherever, anywhere,everywhere,because, since, as, now that,4.目的状从：,5.结果状从：,6.方式状从：,状语从句的引导词,so that, in order that （for fear that， in the hope that, for the purpose that）,so that, such th