初中英语之名词变复数.ppt

1、Part of Speech 英语词性,名词变复数,名词可以分为,可数名词,不可数名词,可数名词：可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人 或东西；因此它有复数形式 如 mapmaps ，boyboys ，horsehorses,不可数名词：不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个 体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东 西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前 面不能用不定冠词a / an。抽象名词, 物质名词和专 有名词一般是不可数名词 如 water，milk,单数,复数,可数名词,如何变化？,规则变化,1.一般情况下，直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式。,car,backp

2、ack,cars,backpacks,book,books,1.,name,pen,card,ruler,names,pens,cards,rulers,box,2. 以s, x, ch, sh等结尾的名词， 在词尾加-es构成复数形式。,boxes,class,classes,watch,watches,brush,brushes,2.,bus,buses,foxes,dishes,3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，应改y为i，再加-es。,family,families,comedies,3.,4. 以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式 。,boy,boys,day

3、,days,4.,key,cities,strawberries,keys,5. 以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe变成v，再加-es构成复数形式。,knife,knives,half,halves,“小偷”(thief)的“妻子”(wife)用“刀子”(knife)和 “树叶”(leaf)把“狼”(wolf)劈成两“半”(half)。,5.,wives,leaves,wolves,roofs,roof,“小偷”(thief)的“妻子”(wife)用“刀子”(knife)和“树叶”(leaf) 把“狼”(wolf)劈成两“半”(half)。,巧记：,6. 以o结尾的名词，有的加-s, 有的加-

4、es构成复数形式。,photo,photos,heroes,tomatoes,zoos,6.,以o结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词，词尾加-s,表示有生命事物的名词，词尾加-es。,加-es的名词有: potato, tomato, hero,巧记: 英雄爱吃 土豆炖西红柿。,Sum up:,1.一般情况下,直接在名词词尾加-s.,2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,在词尾加-es.,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要变y为i再加-es.,5.以f或 fe结尾的名词，先将f或 fe变为v,再加-es.,6.以o结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词加-s, 表示有生命事物的名词加-es。,4.以“元音

5、字母+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s .,不规则变化,A元音发生变化。 如：man-men，woman-women， foot-feet， tooth-teeth，mouse-mice B词尾发生变化。 如：child-children C单、复数同形。 如：fish-fish，Japanese-Japanese， Chinese-Chinese，sheep-sheep,3物质名词（不可数名词）量的表示方法 （1）用much，a little，a lot of等表示 money， milk， meat， advice， snow, bread （2）用容器表 a bowl of rice，a

6、 glass of water， a cup of tea， two glasses of milk， two pieces of paper,给下列可数名词加复数,bird- card- lady- orange- ruler- photo- friend- boy- watch- girl- case- cat- wife- tree- key- bed- hero- family- dictionary- question- leaf- party- cup-,birds,ladies,oranges,rulers,cats,boys,girls,cases,wives,watches,

7、trees,keys,questions,beds,heroes,friends,families,dictionaries,photos,cards,leaves,parties,cups,this that I you he / she / it am / is ,these,those,we,you,they,are,单数 复数,句子单数变复数 This is a book. That is an eraser. It is a red apple. I am a boy. He / She is a teacher. Whats this ? 7. Is that a ruler?,T

8、hese are books. Those are erasers. They are red apples. We are boys. They are teachers. Whatre these ? Are those rulers?,复数句子变单数句子 These are dictionaries. 单数 一般疑问句,并作肯定回答 划线提问,This is a dictionary.,Are these dictionaries ? Yes, they are.,What are these ?,What is this in English?,It is an apple.,What are these?,They are apples.,-What are those?,-Whats that?,-Its a pen.,-They ar