ReviewOne

1、Strategies of Guessing Words and Expressions in,English,reading,英语阅读策略训练,英语阅读中的猜词策略,Guessing game,Most kinds of crabs live in the water.,crab krb,It is a kind of animal.,It has a hard shell.,It has eight legs.,It is very delicious after being cooked.,Sometimes you can see them on the beach.,猜测生词,a f

2、at cat when pigs fly,肥猫?,当猪在飞?,Lucy married a man who owns a big company and has millions of dollars. He is really a fat cat.,Whats the meaning of the underlined phrase?,大款,大亨,Peter is very lazy and he never does his homework. He can go to a university when pigs fly.,According to the passage, “when

3、pigs fly” means _.,不可能,impossibly,猜测短语,heavy rain heavy news heavy food heavy fighting heavy air heavy drinking,令人悲痛的消息,大雨,暴雨,难以消化的食物,激战,阴沉、闷热、潮湿的空气,酗酒,熟词生义,heavy,重的,If you come across new words when reading, what will you do?,2.Pay no attention and continue reading.,1.Look them up in the dictionary

4、.,4.Try to guess the meaning.,New words,3. Get a wild guess.,要求学生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志(含网络版)的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能： 、理解主旨要义； 、理解文中具体信息； 、根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； 、作出判断和推理； 、理解文章的基本结构； 、理解作者的意图、观点和态度。,2019高考英语考试大纲中对阅读的要求,How do we guess the words?,Part 1,homework,hometown,homemade,homepage,homel

5、and,homesick,1.合成法(Compounding),I. Make full use of the word formation,(网站上的)主页,思乡的,自制的,forget-me-not_ baby-sitter _ out-of-date _ the outbreak of Bird Flu _,勿忘我,过时的,禽流感爆发,Can you guess their meaning?,I. Make full use of the word formation,看孩子的人,nonjudgmental,没有判断力的 adj.,judge,judgment,judgmental,判断

6、 v.,判断 n.,判断的 adj.,nonjudgmental,2. 派生法 (Derivation)：加前缀或后缀,I. Make full use of the word formation,1. I will not make friends with a dishonest person. 2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless. 3. If some athletes use drugs, it is unfair to the others.,应熟悉基本的构词法及其规律, 其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如

7、:un-, im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。,dis+honest,speech+less,un+fair,I. Make full use of the word formation,super- inter- mini- micro- -some anti- co- post- pre- -ship,在之间 超级的 易于的 极小的 反对 后 身份，资格 微小 一同，一起 之前,表否定 un-, non-, in-, dis- 表相反 un-, de-, dis-, counter- 错误失当 mis-, mal-, pseudo- 表向背 pro-, anti- 表程度

8、arch-, super-, ultra-, over-, under-, mini-, semi- , 表时间 pre, fore-, post- 表方位 sub-, inter-, trans-,prefix,decontrol transplant counterattack,解除控制,移植,反击,suffix,-able （能的） -less （无，不） wards （ 向） -ship （身份；资格；性质） -some （ 易于的） hood （状态；性质；时期） -ish （如的；有点儿的） -proof (防的；不能穿透的） -scape （景） -most (最的）,water

9、proof streetscape innermost speechless,防水,街景,最里面的,无言的,brunch _ smog _ Chinglish _ smilence _,breakfast + lunch,smoke + fog,Chinese+English,smile+silence,I. Make full use of the word formation,3.取头取尾(blending),早中饭,烟雾,中式英语,笑而不语,I. Make full use of the word formation,The Guardian (卫报) described the sce

10、ne of a friends face buried in a screen as a distinctly 21st - century problem”. A new word has been created to describe this -phubbing. It is the act of looking at your mobile phone instead of paying attention to others during a social interaction (互动交流). (2014 成都二诊C篇),What does the underlined word

11、 “phubbing” mean?,phubbing 低头族,phubbing = phone + snub (冷落),2.派生法(Derivation) 添加前缀prefix 和后缀suffix),I. Using word formation 利用构词法,3.取头取尾法(Blending),Using Word Formation,1.合成法(Compounding),小 结,His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns

12、 about 650 yuan a year.,动物学家,牧羊人,1. 定义描述,方法小结：通常由同位语或定语从句对生词下定义进行猜词。,zldst,. Using context clues 利用上下文语境,同位语,定语从句, Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter. In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrig

13、ate, or water, their fields. All the other members are of the same opinion. They are unanimous.,圆胖的,灌溉,一致同意的,junnms,2.同义词, Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate. In the past the world seem

14、ed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil .,污秽的,天生的,混乱,3. 反义词/ 对比,转折,由and或or, like ,as as, the same as等连接的两个词构成同义关系； 根据表转折关系的词如but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though, in contrast, on the contrary等表达反义。,小 结, The riv

15、er is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow. Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.,混浊的,独断专行的,4. 因果关系,小结： 通过关联词 (如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，so, so that, such that, therefore等)

16、 表示前因后果。, Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. On the farm they mainly raise poultry, like chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.,家禽,装置,5. 举例归纳法,小结: 常用such as, like, for example, for instance等引出例子,可根据例子隶属的类别归纳出总称词即词义 。,When you throw a st

17、one into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water. In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold. One of symptoms caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever.,波纹,涟漪,颤抖,症状,6、生活经验, 生活常识,小 结,根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将生词推测出来。 因此平时多了解英美国家的风

18、俗习惯，宗教信仰，社会生活等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词，猜测词义的能力自然就提高了。,1. 定义描述,3. 转折反义,2. 并列同义,4. 因果关系,5. 举例归纳,6. 经验常识,. Using context clues 利用上下文语境,Using Context Clues,高考实战演练,Are you ready?,1. Chicken becomes rotten very quickly. That is to say, it can go bad in a refrigerator if it is left there for more than a week. If

19、 you have any doubt that the meat is bad, dont eat it. Instead inspect it very carefully: Check the smell, how it looks and feels.,1. Here “rotten” means _. A. bad B. good C. delicious D. fresh,2. Here “inspect” means _. A. examine B. put C. visit D. respect,下定义,也就是说,同义,Passage 1,(2017全国卷29) Gray wo

20、lves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where the

21、re were fewer humans around.,Passage 2, What does the underlined word “displaced” in the paragraph mean? A. Tested. B. Separated. C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.,由画线词的前一分句可知“灰狼在黄石和美国大陆的大部分地区曾经随处可见”,“but”话锋一转,“但是由于人类的发展,它们渐渐地”; 渐渐地怎么了？“到20世纪20年代在黄石几乎消失了”；去哪了？“去了人口稀少的加拿大森林了。”由此推断，它们因人类的发展而“被迫离开(forced

22、 out)”美国大陆,故选C项。其他选项“被测试”“被分开”“被跟踪追捕”均与语境无关。,取代,替代,测试,分开,追查到,总 结,所谓“词不离句，句不离章“讲的就是对于词语或句子的正确理解依赖于一定的情景。所以在猜测词义或句意时， 一定要仔细阅读与划线部分密切相关的前后句子， 从中找出关键词句，有时需进行合情合理的推测，排除肤浅的表义，选择蕴含在其中的深意，甚至排除只是形似而非近义的选项。,我们的问题,不认识(包括选项的)单词; 读不懂长句、难句； 经常在干扰项中徘徊； 缺乏阅读技巧； 心情倦怠时做不好。,TIPS: 归根结底是词汇积累的问题。 多阅读、多留心高频词，词汇复现有助于提高词汇积累

23、。 另外要意识到阅读技巧能的力量，有其，事倍功半。 保持清晰的头脑、愉悦的心境，努力享受阅读，感受作者的写作意图，改变你的心境，加油！,Can you draw a mind map to show what we have learned?,words guess,(1)合成,1. 构词法,(2)派生,(3)取头取尾,2. 上下文语境,(1)下定义,(2)同义,(3)反义,(4)因果,(5)归纳,(6)经验常识,How do we guess a phrase or a sentence?,Part 2,Passage 3 (2016全国卷30) There are also varieti

24、es developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it., What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Pa

25、ragraph 3 mean? A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope. C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.,1. 推断短语含义,由画线词所在句“but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it”可知，它需要在温暖的气候、肥沃的土壤下才可以种植，因此，对相信可以种植它的大多数苹果爱好者都“希望落空”，故选B项。,2.

26、 推断句子含义,(2017全国卷33) Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.,

27、 What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in the paragraph? A. The attackers get attacked. B. The insects gather under the table. C. The plants get ready to fight back. D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.,画线处前一句提到一些被袭击的植物发出香味来吸引袭击者的天敌,画线处后一句提到那些本来打算去吃午餐的袭击者变成了午餐,换句话说,这些袭击者就变成被袭击者了。因此选A项