2000年至2012年全国自考英语词汇学试卷参考答案

1、.参考答案2000 年 4 月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案 .1.a 2.c 3.a 4.c 5.a 6.a 7.b 8.d 9.b 10.c 11.d 12.a 13.b 14.b 15.d.(10%) 16.transfer17.old english18.monolingual19.semantically20.extralinguistic/non-linguistic.21.d22.f23.a24.j25.b26.c27.i28.e29.g30.h. 31.bound root32. （ head+tail） blinding33.inflectional

2、 affix/morpheme34.a+n35.full conversion36.suffix37.reversativ38.prefix of degree39.prefix40.number prefix .41.the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names oforganizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.42.native words, also known as anglo-saxon words, are wor

3、ds brought to britian in the 5th century by the germanic tribes.43.the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.44.the distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.45.a dictionary written in one language, or a dictiona

4、ry in which entries are defined in the same language. .46.there are four types of motivation:1） onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2） morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3） semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4）

5、etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.47.key points:borrowing; dialects and regional english; figurative and euphemistic use ofwords; coincidence with idiomatic expressions.48.keypoints:definition;explanation;example;synonymy;antonymy;hyponymy;relevant details and word structure.49.1 ） eac

6、h of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion ） ,nationalist （ nation+al+ist ） ,unearthly （ un+earth+ly ） .2） of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3） all the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bou

7、nd as none of them can stand alone aswords.50.1） the stitch in time - a stitch in time saves nine（ 3分）2） proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（ 1 分）3） using an old saying is more persuasive（ 2分）4） the short form saves time, more colloquial（ 2 分）5） indicates intimacy or close relations

8、hip（ 1分）;.2001 年 4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案i 1 b 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.a 6.d 7.b 8.d 9.d 10.b 11.b 12.c 13.a 14.b 15. cii. 16. stylistic17.monolingual18.semantic opposition 19.degradation或 ductivity and collocabilityiii.21. i22. c23. f24. b25. e26. d27. j 28. g29. h30. aiv. 31. adverb id

9、iom/ idiom adverbial in nature32. conceptual meaning33. conceptual meaning34. n+v-ed35. backformation36. n+v37.bound root38.prefix39.bound root40.inflectionalaffix/morphemev.41.specializeddictionaryreferstoadictionarywhichconcentrateson aparticular area of language or knowledge. (内容 1.5 分；语言 0.5 分 )

10、42.collocativemeaning isthat part oftheword meaning suggestedby the words beforeor after the word in discussion. (内容 1.5 分；语言 0.5 分 )43.words which were used todesignateone thingbutlaterchanged to mean somethingelse have experienced the process of semantic transfer.44. the minimal meaningful unit of

11、 a language.45. the language used in england from 450 to 1150.vi. 46. 要点： radiation concatenation i) primary meaning i) first senseii ）次要意义由主要意义辐射ii ）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接iii ）名词语义互不依赖 iii ）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象47. 要点：（1） break up an idiom into pieces（ 2分）（ 2） an unusual case of using idioms（ 1分）（3） in literatu

12、re or popular press for special effect（ 1分）注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣 1分，拼写扣 0.5 分）48.collocativemeaningconsistsoftheassociationsawordacquires initscollocation.in otherwords,itisthatpartof the word-meaning suggested bywordsbefore orafterthe word indiscussion.forexample, prettyandhandsomesharetheconceptualmean

13、ing ofgoodlooking,butare distinguishedby the range ofnounsthey collocate with: pretty handsomevii.49.答案要点1） motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and itsmeaning. （2分）2） semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains theconnection between the l

14、iteral sense and figurative sense of the word.(3分)3） in this sentence, pen reminds one of the tool to write with, thus suggestingwriting; sword reminds one of the weapon to fight with, thus suggesting war.(4分)50. 要点：（1） it is ambiguous（ 2分）（2） ambiguity caused by the structure（ 2分）（ 3） stop drinking

15、 can be understood as1） police stop drinking by themselves (1分 );.2） police stop people drinking (1分 )（ 4） improvement （3分）1） the police were ordered to stop people drinking about midnight.2） the police were ordered to stop drinking by themselves about midnight.;.;.;.;.;.;.2006 年 4 月 英语词 汇学试 卷参考 答案1

16、 1 b 2 b 3b 4 c 5 a 6 d 7 b 8 b 9b l0 d ll c l2 c l3 d l4 b l5 d l6 frenchl7 degradation18 indicationl9 semantic20 1exical 21 c 22 f 23 d 24 a 25 i 26 j 27 h 28 b 29 e 30 g 31 inflectional suffix32 clipping33 blendin934 collocative35 affective pejorative36compoundin9 composition37 acronymy initialis

17、m38 suffix39 drefix 40 stylisticneutralv 41 (1)extra 1inguistic context=non-linguistic context = physical situation(2)includes people， time ，place ，even the whole cultural background42 prefixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems43 semantic change means mn old word form whic

18、h takes on a new meaning to meetthe new need 44 conceptual meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the coreof word meanin9 45 the opposite of widening meanin9a process by which a word ofwide meaning acquires a narroweror specializedmeanin9v1 46 (1)an idiom may consist of more than o

19、ne word， each has its meanin9， andpart of speech(2)has a single meaning(3)functions as one wordequivalent(4)in manyca8es ， illogicalrelationshipbetween theliteralmeaningof theconstituent word and the meaning of the whole idiom47 (i)difference in denotation(2)difference in connotation(3)difference in

20、 application48 (1)basicword stockpossessesfiveobviouscharacteristics， butnonbasic;.vocabulary doesnt(2)basic word stock forms the common， core of the language， whereas nonbasicvocabulary deesnt belong to the common core of the languagev11 49 (1)eachofthethreewordsconsistsofthreemorphemes ，dishearten

21、(dis+heart+ca)，idealistic(ideal+ist +ic) unfriendly(an+friend+ty)(2)oftheninemorphemes， onlyheart， dea and friendarefreemorphemes as theycan exist by themselves(3)alltherestdis- ，-en ，-ist，-ic，-unand-ty are bound as none of them call,standalone as words.50 (1)collocation refers to the words before o

22、r after the word in discussion，andcouocativemeaningconsistsoftheassociationsthewordacquiresin itscollocation(2)words with the same conceptual meaning may have different meanings due to therange of words they may aycollocate with in other words ， collocation call affect the meaning of words(3)for exa

23、mple， pretty and handsome share the conceptual meaning of goodlookin9but are distin guished by the range of nouns they collocate with;.;.;.;.2008 年 4 月 1.a 2.c 3.a 4.d 5.b 6.b 7.b 8.b 9.a 10.c 11.a 12.c 13.d 14.c 15.b16.inflectional17.prefixes18.sense19.semantic20.negative21.g22.j23.a24.i25.b26.d27.

24、c28.f29.e30.h 31. extra-linguistic factors- psychological reason32. derivational affix/prefix33. extra-linguistic context34. derivational affix/prefix35. blending36. extra-linguistic context;.37. lexical context of linguistic context38. bound root39. extra-linguistic factors- class reason40. compoun

25、ding41creationrefersto the formationof new words by using the existingmaterials,namely roots,affixes and other elements.42. free morphemes have completemeanings inthemselvesand can be used as freegrammaticalunitsin sentences. they are identical with root words.43. the word-meaning which is suggested

26、 by the words before or after the word in discussion.44. a semantic process in which each of the later meanings is related only to the preceding one like chains.45. the meaning of a word that is influenced by the structure in which it occurs.46. suffixation is the formation of new words by adding su

27、ffixes to sterms.(1分) suffixesgenerallychange the word class.(1分 ) for example, “ economy” isa verb,but “employer ” becomesa noun when the suffixer is added to the stem“employ ”.(1分)47. 1 ）compiled on the principle of semantic field;(1分 )2）some 15,000 items classified into fourteen semantic fields of a practical everydaynature;(1分)3）subfields also included;(0.5分)4）semantically related words defining one another(0.5分 )48. pig/pork, sheep/mu