非谓语动词作定语的用法

1、非谓语动词作定语的用法,一、考点透视 考纲定位和能力要求: 掌握动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词作定语时的区别 知识内涵： 非谓语动词在句中可以充当定语，修饰一个名词或代词 具体用法如下：,（一）动词不定式作定语 1）The car to be bought is for his sister . He is always the first to come and the last to leave He was the best man to do the job . 3) Do you have the ability to read and write in English ?,表示将来

2、,被修饰的词是抽象时，常见的有 ability chance idea attempt belief way promise 等。,修饰序数词或形容词的最高级时,主意事项 1、不定式作定语永远放在所修饰词的后面。 2、不定式和它前面所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾 关系，又和主语构成逻辑上的主动关系时，不定式常用主动形式。 例如 1）I have a lot of work to do . 2) Mr Smith, do you have something to be typed ? No, thank you .,（二）分词作定语 1、及物动词的分词作定语 doing（与被修饰名词之间为

3、主动关系） being done（与被修饰名词之间为被动关系且正在进行） done（与被修饰名词之间为被动关系且完成） 例如1 Do you know the boy standing under the tree? 2 The houses being built are for villages. 3 I dont like the novel written by Mary,2、不及物动词的分词作定语： doing（表示正在进行）done（表示已经完成） 例如： boiling water boiled water 例如： developing countries developed c

4、ountries,正在沸腾的水,烧开了的水,发展中国家,发达国家,（三）不定式 to be done， 现在分词being done 和过去分 词done作定语的区别 例如 1The question to be discussed tomorrow is very important . 2 The question being discussed now is very important. 3The question discussed yesterday is very important.,不定式 to be done 表“被动 将来” 现在分词being done 表“被动 进行”

5、 过去分词done 表“被动 完成”,1. The witness _by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight . A questioned. B being questioned. C to be questioned D having questioned 解题思路1 判断被修饰名词或代词与非谓语动词之间的主被动 关系 2区分to be done ,being done ,done 时间上的差异,A,直击高考,2.In some language ,100 words make up half

6、of all words _ in daily conversations. A using. B to use. C having used. D used,D,3.Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own .A change B changing C changed D to change 4.I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term .A completing B to complete C completed D being complete

7、d解题思路 找准题目中的关键词,确定是否为考查不定式作定语的情况.,D,B,三，能力突破 解答非谓语动词作定语的方法: 1，确定考题是否为非谓语动词作定语; 2，分析被修饰名词和代词（通常为空前的名词）与其非谓 语动词之间的被动关系;若为主动，则可选择doing ，to do ； 若为被动 ，则可选择性to be done ，being done， done 3，分析时间究竟是过去，现在还是将来; 4，考虑不定式作定语的几种情况.,1 The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in some corner . A standing. B to sta

8、nd. C stands. D stood 2 The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area . A being completed. B to be completed. C completed D having been completed 3 With the world changing fast ,we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day . A deal. B dealt. C to deal. D dealing 4 So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library A discovered. B to be discovered. C dis