U3-P5Grammar.ppt

1、Grammar,名词性从句,句型转换,She said: “Jim likes music.” She said: “Does Jim like music?” She said: “What does Jim like?”,名词性从句,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词从句的功能,功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类。,引导名词性从句的连接词,可分为三类： 1. that+意义完整的句子 (只在宾语从句中可以省略.没有汉语意思,只起连接从句作用.),引

2、导名词性从句的连接词,2. whether / if+陈述语序的句子. (“是否”;来源于一般疑问句) 优先使用whether,3. 特殊疑问词：what, who, which, whatever, whoever, whom, whose, when, where, how, why等+陈述语序的句子. (来源于特殊疑问句),宾语从句,在另一个句子中做动词、介词或有些形容词的宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 John said (that) he was leaving for London on Monday.,I worry about whether he can pass through h

3、is illness. Now I want to know what I can do.,宾语从句,部分形容词：sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied I am not sure how many people knew the truth.,表语从句,在另外一个句子中作表语的句子叫表语从名。 The fact is that he has not been to the USA.,表语从句,The question is whether he has time. The problem was ho

4、w he escaped from the prison.,主语从句,在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。 That he can swim is obvious. It is obvious that he can swim.,主语从句,Whether he will go abroad hasnt been decided. How we will solve the problem depends on me.,同位语从句,在另一个句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。 同位语是解释前面某个名词的具体内容。 The fact that she is ill should be con

5、sidered.,同位语从句一般在下列词的后面,belief, fact, fear, hope, idea, news, problem, reason, result, possibility等。如： I have no idea when he will return.,He cant answer the question how he got the money.,whether与if均为“是否”,但下列情况下只用whether ： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首：Whether he will come is not clear.,2. 引导表语从句 The question is whether hell come.,3. whether从句作介词宾语 Im not sure about whether well win.