Lesson1TheSpiritofExplorers (3).pptx

1、Unit 7 The Sea,Lesson 1 The Spirit of Explorers,Objectives To practise reading for specific information. To practise using relative clauses with when, where and why. To practise using relative clauses with prepositions and relative pronouns. To review and consolidate the relative pronouns. To talk a

2、bout explorers.,Before you start 1. Which of the following people do you think arrived in America first? Christopher Columbus Ancient Greeks Chinese sailors Vikings,Answer:,d Vikings,Christopher Columbus (1451 20 May 1506) was a Spanish sailor. He made four voyages. He is famous all over the world n

3、ow. People consider him to have discovered America first.,The Vikings were a group of Scandinavian people who sailed in ships to attack areas along the coasts,of northern and western Europe from the 8th to 11th centuries.,Eric the Red (950?-1003 or 1004) was a Viking explorer who was the first Europ

4、ean in Greenland. He led a group of colonists to Greenland in 986.,Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region in,northern Europe that consists of the kingdoms of Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland and Finland.,2. Find Chinese names for these places on page 110. Scandinavia Iceland Norway Gree

5、nland Newfoundland,格陵兰（丹麦）,纽芬兰,挪威,冰岛,斯堪的纳维亚,Reading,Viking Voyages to America,Fast Reading,True or false. Eric the Red wanted to get a land which could be colonized so he decided to set sail further. 2) Biarni set sail from Iceland in order to join Leifs father.,F,F,3) Biarni discovered Greenland fi

6、rst. 4) The Vikings were stronger and stronger in Northern Europe from the 8th to 10th century. 5) According to official records Europeans reached America long before Columbus ever set sail.,F,T,F,Careful Reading,Fill in the blanks with the detailed information.,Part 1 _ were the first Europeans to

7、reach America . ( Para. 1),The Vikings,Part 2 About the Vikings: ( Para. 2) The Vikings ancestors came from: _ Between the 8th and 10th centuries: _ By around 900 AD: _ In 982 AD: a._ b._,Scandinavia,controlled the seas and coasts of Northern Europe,chose many places in Northern Europe to live,Eric

8、the Red decided to set sail further west,10,000 Vikings lived in Iceland,Part 3 The Vikings four voyages to America ( Paras.3-5) 1) Eric the Reds exploration ( Para. 3),Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because_ _ He returned to Iceland to_ _ He set sail once again with_ _,he had committed a

9、murder for which he got into trouble.,persuade some people to go with him to Greenland.,25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.,Biarnis exploration (Para.4),When and why did Biarni set sail from Iceland ? What happened to him during the voyage ? Did he finally reach Greenland?,Not long afte

10、r Eric the Red had landed in Greenland, Biarni set sail in search of Erics party.,He was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land.,Yes, he did.,Leif and Biarnis exploration (Para.5),When was Leif planning the trip further west? Where did they arrive ?,In the year 1002.,They sailed to wh

11、at is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada, then sailed further south to Newfoundland.,Part 4 How do we know about the stories? (Para. 6),The stories about the Vikings were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland, which are the first records of Europeans sailing to the Americas.

12、,Summarize 1. Answer the questions without books.,1) Why did Eric the Red leave Iceland? 2) Who was Biarni looking for when he was blown to an unknown land ?,He was forced to leave Iceland because he got into trouble for a murder he had committed.,He was looking for his father who was with Erics par

13、ty.,3) How do we know about the Vikings?,We know about them through stories which were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland.,2. Complete the table about the Vikings three major discoveries.,Eric the Red,not longer after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland,Biarni,unknown land,blown off

14、 course,the year 1002,Leif (the son of Eric the Red) and Biarni,Vinland (now known as Newfound -land),planned the trip,Vocabulary: Definitions Find the words in the text that match most closely with the meaning of the words below.,1 finally 2 succeed 3 never heard of 4 start a sea journey 5 looking

15、for 6 sea journey 7 now 8 based on,eventually,achieve,unknown,set sail,in search of,voyage,present-day,according to,Grammar: Relative Clauses (II),1. Read these sentences from the text and in pairs, work out which word introduces a relative clause and what it refers to. a. By around 900 AD, there we

16、re many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live. b. Eric reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place where he landed.,Relative clauses with where, when and why Relative adverbs where and when can be used to give information about places and time. After the

17、word reason, we can use why in relative clauses.,1) This is the place _ I lost my purse. 2) Marco Polo traveled in China, _ there were inventions and developments at that time. 3) She still remembers the day _ Bill first walked into her office. 4) Do you know the reason _ hes so angry with me?,where

18、,when,why,2. Fill in the blanks with where, when and why.,where,Relative clauses with prepositions + which/whom Relative pronouns can be used as the objects of prepositions. Usually we use prepositions before which and whom, that is, prepositions + which/whom For example: 1) This is the book for whi

19、ch he is looking. 2) He is the teacher with whom I discussed my project., We choose prepositions either according to the noun or pronoun it defines or to the related verb in the clause. For example: 1) The train on which Im travelling is for Shanghai. 2) This is the professor from whom Ive learned a

20、 lot. 3) Shes doing an important project about which I know little.,(on the train),(learn from),(know about), But, in everyday English, it is more usual to put the preposition at the end of the clause and to leave out the relative pronoun which, whom. For example: The train Im travelling on is for S

21、hanghai.,= The train which/ that Im travelling on is for Shanghai.,2) This is the professor Ive learned a lot from. 3) Shes doing an important project I know little about. 4) Have you seen the telescope I studied the skies with?,= This is the professor whom/that Ive learned a lot from.,= Shes doing

22、an important project about which I know little.,= Have you seen the telescope with which I studied the skies.,Join the pairs of sentences using relative pronouns. I have five balloons. Three of them are yellow. David is my friend. I often play tennis with him.,I have five balloons, of which three ar

23、e yellow.,David is my friend, with whom I often play tennis.,3) He has twenty books. Only two of them are interesting. 4) Mr. Johnson apologised for the mistake. We complained to him.,He has twenty books, of which only two are interesting.,Mr. Johnson, to whom we complained, apologised for the mista

24、ke.,Mr. Johnson, whom/who we complained to, apologised for the mistake.,5) The Antarctic is covered with snow and ice all year round. Men know little about it.,The Antarctic, about which men know little, is covered with snow and ice all year round.,The Antarctic, which men know little about, is cove

25、red with snow and ice all year round.,The shop, from which we bought the air-conditioner, is not far from my house,The shop, which we bought the air-conditioner from, is not far from my house.,The shop, where we bought the air-conditioner, is not far from my house,6) The shop is not far from my hous

26、e. We bought the air-conditioner from it.,7) Youd better tell her the name of the book. She can find information about the project there.,Youd better tell her the name of the book, in which she can find information about the project.,Youd better tell her the name of the book, where he can find infor

27、mation about the project.,8) They have just started their trip to Tibet. They prepared for it for about a month.,They have just started their trip to Tibet, which they prepared for for about a month.,They have just started their trip to Tibet, for which they prepared for about a month.,Additional Ex

28、ercises,1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2. Do you know the man _? whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they

29、 stayed,A,C,D,4. Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day _Ill never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when,C,A,For more exercises, click here.,高考链接,(10福建24) Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be t

30、he only planet_ life has developed gradually. A. That B. where C. which D. whose 2. (10湖南28) Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which,B,A,3. (10江西31) The girl arranged to have piano lessons at

31、the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A. where B. who C. which D. what 4. (10山东24) Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What,A,C,For more exercises, click here.,Language Points,They achieved this long before Columbus ever se

32、t sail. 早在哥伦布启航前，他们就已经到达那里了。 1) long before “在之前很久” 比较： before long = soon “不久” He will come back to see us before long. 他很快就会回来看我们。,常见句型： It +be + 时间 + before “过了多久才” It was a long time before I fell asleep last night. 昨晚我过了很久才睡着。 It+be+ not +long +before “不久就” It wont be long before we see each ot

33、her. 我们不久就会见面的。,2) set sail = start a sea journey （起航） set out = set forth = set off （起程；出发；动身） set out to do sth. 开始做某事 set about doing sth. 开始做某事，着手做某事（不用于被动语态） The government must set about finding solutions to the pollution problem. 政府必须立即找出治理污染的办法。 They set out to repair the road. 他们开始维修公路了。,2.

34、 According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble. 根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克雷德因一起谋杀而惹上麻烦并被迫离开冰岛。 according to as stated or shown by =based on 根据，依据 后面接短语，不能接句子。 The price changed according to the season

35、. 价格根据季节变化。,2) be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 The workers were forced to work at least 16 hours a day. 工人们被迫每天至少工作16个小时。 3) get into trouble to put (oneself or someone else) into a bad condition 陷入困境；陷入麻烦 Do not go to computer rooms, or youll get into trouble. 别进入计算机房，否则你会惹麻

36、烦的。,3. He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland. 他说服一些人和他一起回到了格陵兰岛。 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服、劝服某人做某事 He persuaded me to buy the house. 他说服我买了这房子。 He advised (tried to persuade) me to buy the house, but I didnt. 他建议我买这房子，却没有把我说服。,常用搭配 persuade sb. into doing sth. = talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of doing sth. = talk sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb of sth. 使某人相信某事,典例链接 He persuaded me into majoring in physics. 他说服我主修物理。 2) I persuaded her not to go hiking with h