宾语从句五注意及练习

1、 特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意一、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。如：Whose bike is this？Does anybody know？ Does anybody know whose bike this is？二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。如：When the train will arrive？He asked me He asked me when the train would arrive三、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。如：Which one do you like best？She askedmeShe aske

2、d me which one I liked best【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是 dodoes did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。如：Who can answer the question？The teacher askedThe teacher asked who could answer the question五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如：I dont know

3、when we shall start tomorrowDo you know when we shall start tomorrow？ 宾语从句中连词专练请补上下列各题宾语从句中所缺的连词（引导词）。1They said _ they would all leave if John stayed2I wonder _ we can meet when I am in Beijing3She asked _ or not she could work in Xinjiang4The teacher didnt know _ broke the window5Mr Green went out

4、 to see _ was happening6Please tell me _ your father is7I really dont know _ I should do with these letters8Did you ask him _ we would leave？9Do you know _ the lady lives？10Can you tell us _ you are late for class？11Could you tell us _ I can get to the zoo？12Jenny wondered _ wallet it was13I cant de

5、cide _ coat I should choose14They asked me _ the book cost15Could you tell me _ students there are in your class？（Keys：1that 2ifwhether 3whether 4who 57what 8when 9where 10why 11how 12whose 13which 14how much 15how many） 宾语从句与中考试题在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是初中英语中最重要的一种从句，它内容完整，句型结构较为复杂，主句和从句时态搭配要求严格，在中考

6、试题中频频出现。而且学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。学习宾语从句并不难，只要你能过好下面的三道关：第一关，选好连接词（也有人叫关联词）。引导宾语从句的连接词，课本上写有三类，但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。1连词that：只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如：1）He knew（that）he should work hard2）I am glad（that）youve passed the exam2连词whether或if：它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口语中多用i

7、f。例如：3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？（注：2002上海市徐汇区中考试题填上答案后的句子。以下再有这种例句，都为2002年中考题，只写某地。）4）Tom didnt know ifwhether his grandpa liked the present作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大，同学们不易掌握。在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如：5）He asked me whether or not I was coming他问我是否要来。（该句中的whet

8、her不能换成if，因为if不能与or连用。）3连接代词who，whom ，whose，what， which：它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。例如：6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（武汉市）（which引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰class，意为“哪个”。）7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）4连接副词when，where， why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。例如：8）I wonder w

9、here he got so much money对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。（where在从句中作地点状语，修饰got，意为“哪里；什么地方”。）9）He didnt tell me how old his friend was（四川省）（how引导宾语从句，作程度状语，修饰old，意为“怎样；如何”等意。）第二关，牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“连接词主语谓语其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。例如：10）You must remember what your teacher said（河南省）11）Dad，do you know

10、when the football game will start？ In half an hour（宁波市）12）汉译英：你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？误：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构主语前加了个助动词do。因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就顺口说出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive i

11、n Paris？”这种错误句子来。但是一旦我们注意了，我们不久就习惯于说“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。第三关，注意时态的呼应。宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如：13）汉译英：我原以为你今天有空的。误：I thought（that）you are free today正：I thought（that）you would be free today错句中宾语从句用are很可能是因为有 today，但因为主句谓语是thought，所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时would be

12、了。这种时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。例如：14）He thought he was working for the people15）I heard she had been to the Great W all16）John hoped that he would find a job soon但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等，则不变化：17）The teacher told

13、us that the earth moves around the sun巩固与检测请做下列2002年中考题：1In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book（北京市东城区） Athat Bhow Cwhat Dif2I dont know _ MrGreen will come to see us He will help us with our English（杭州市） Awhy Bwhen Chow Dwhere3We never know _ the

14、 old m an is They say he is a teacher（鄂州市） Awhat Bwho Cwhich Dwhere4I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers（重庆市） Athat how Bhow that Cwhen that Dthat when5Do you know _ ？Im going to see him Sorry，I dont know（北京市海淀区） Awhere does MrLi live Bwhere did MrLi live Cwhere MrLi

15、lives Dwhere MrLi lived6W here do you think _ he _ the computer？ Sorry，I have no idea（南京市） A；bought Bhas；bought Cdid；buy Ddoes；buy7I dont feel very wellMum asked me _this morning（重庆市） Awhat the matter is Bwhat is wrong Cwhat the matter was Dwhat wrong was8Where is Jack？ He is away to spend his holid

16、ayHes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan，but Im not sure _ （南昌市） Athat Bwhich Cwhere DthereKey:宾语从句与中考试题 14 D A A D 58 C A C C 宾语从句（80分）1.He said that neither of them _ a scientist.A. isB. wasC. wereD. to be2.He wondered _ his uncle had been in the army.A. how oftenB. how soonC. howfarD. how long3.

17、Can you tell me _ took partin the sports meet?A. how manyB. how soon peopleC. how many peopleD. how much people4.She wants to know _.A. what time he goes to schoolB. which time he goes to schoolC. when does he go to schoolD. what time does he go to school5.He asked _.A. which classroom was hisB. tha

18、t which classroom was hisC. which classroom is hisD. which classroom his is6.Which sentence is right?A.What do you know she is?B. Do you know what she is?C. Do you know that what she is?D. Do you know what is she?7.She asks_.A. if may the exercises be handed in tomorrowB. if the exercises may be han

19、ded in tomorrowC. if may be the exercises handed in tomorrowD. if the exercises may be handed in on tomorrow8.Do you expect(希望) _ come to see you?A. theirB. that themC. will theyD. that they will9.I didnt know if it _ tomorrow.A. was fineB. is fineC. would be fineD. will be fine10.He told me _.A. he

20、 had been to EnglandB. he is going to EnglandC. he had gone in EnglandD. he has been to England11.Im sorry _ your mother is ill.A. thatB. ifC. whatD. whether12.Try to guess _ each tomato weighs.A. thatB. how muchC. how heavyD. how many13.I want to know _.A. how long havent cleaned the roomsB. how lo

21、ng have the rooms not been cleanedC. how long the rooms havent been cleanedD. how long havent the rooms been cleaned14.Mary said _ she was tired.A. ifB. thatC. whenD. whether15.I wonder how long my brother _ in the army.A. had, heB. does, joinC. has, joinedD. has, been16.He said _.A. that the girl b

22、e his sisterB. that the girl is his sisterC. that the girl were his sisterD. that the girl was his sister17.Do you know _?A. whose the girl isB. whats the girlC. wheres the girlD. who the girl is18.Do you know _ Tom studies at thesame school?A. willB. ifC. whenD. do19.We dont care _ he goes.A.wherev

23、erB. whereC. thatD. what20.He said _.A. that the car had been repaired twiceB. that the car had repaired twiceC. that the car had been repaired two timesD. that the car twice had been repaired21.I really dont know _.A. what coat I should buyB. which coat I should buyC. what coat should I buyD. which

24、 coat should I buy22.My father said _.A. that was he not free this morningB. when he was not free this morningC. that he was not free this morningD. if he was not free this morning23.Do you know _?A. what kind of work can this boy doB. what kind of work this boy doC. what kind of work this boy can d

25、oD. what kind of work this can boy do24.Lei Feng _he _his life for his country.A. said, givesB. says, will giveC. said, would giveD. said, give25.He asked me _.A. how soon I liked the filmB. what I liked the filmC. how I liked the filmD. how long I liked the film26.I wanted to know _ in Japan.A. how

26、 long he had beenB. how long he has beenC. how long has he beenD. how long had he been27.Yesterday I asked him _.A. that he wanted to go to BeijingB. if he was wanting to go to BeijingC. if he wanted to go to BeijingD. did he want to go to Beijing28.I think _ this pen is expensive.A. howB. (that)C.

27、whetherD. why29.Can you tell me _?A. where you were bornB. if you were bornC. when you are bornD. where you are born30.I wonder _ Mary will be able to pass the maths exam.A. howB. thatC. whyD. whether31.John asked _.A. if he could go out to playB. can he go out to playC. whether he can go out to pla

28、yD. could he go out to play32.He explained _.A. that he was writing a letter when mother wentB. that he wrote a letter when mother went inC. that he was writing a letter when mother went inD. when mother went in that he was writing a letter33.Do you know _?A. what are these two girls talking aboutB.

29、 what these two girls are talking aboutC. what are these two girls talk aboutD. what these two girls are talking to34.The professor(教授) was satisfied with _.A. what she saidB. how she saidC. when she saidD. why she said35.Mr Green asked me _.A. whether I will visit the farm with him the next dayB. w

30、hether I would visit the farm with him the next dayC. if I am visitingthe farm with him the next dayD. whether would visit the farm with him the next day36.He will tell John _.A. that she can do it if she triesB. if does she try that she can do itC. if she tries that she can do itD. that can she do

31、it if she tries37.Philip asked me _ would support(支持) us.A. whatB. whenC. whoseD. who38.Nobody knows _ he is absent.A. whyB. howC. whereD. what39.He wonders _.A. when does the train startB. when is the train startingC. when the train is startingD. when the train has started40.Can you tell me _?A. wh

32、at are good manner in JapanB. what good manner are in JapanC. what are good manners in JapanD. what good manner are in Japan41.He thought (that) this answer _ correct.A. wereB. will beC. has beenD. was42.She doesnt know _ since last term.A. how many English words she has learnedB. how many English w

33、ords she have learnedC. how many English words has she learnedD. how many English words she learned43.The doctor wanted to say _.A. wasnt John well enough to go to schoolB. if John was well enough to go to schoolC. that John wasnt enough well to go to schoolD. that John wasnt well enough to go to sc

34、hool44.The driver said _ such a machine wouldrun out of order(不正常运行).A. thatB. ifC. whenD. how45.Do you know _?A. what place the big building has been put upB. where the big building has been put upC. where the big building is putting upD. which the big building has been put up46.Could you tell me _

35、?A. which grade your younger sister is in nowB. what grade your younger sister is in nowC. which grade your younger sister is nowD. which grade your younger sister was in now47.Im sure _.A. that why Jack doesnt jump so high as his brotherB. that Jack isnt jump so high as his brotherC. that Jack does

36、nt jump so high as his brotherD. that why Jack doesnt jump so high as his brother48.Do you know _?A. if Mr Smith is them English teacherB. that Mr Smith is their English teacherC. if Mr Smith is their English teacherD. if Mr Smith be their English teacher49.I know that _.A. our teacher would attend

37、our meetingB. our teacher is going to attend our meetingC. our teacher was going to attending our meetingD. our teacher is attending our meeting50.He asked me _.A. if the new play had been put on that theatre(剧院)B. whether the new play has been put on at that theatreC. whether the new play had been

38、put on at that theatreD. when the new play had been put on at that theatre51.He said _ some day.A. that he would have a shop of his ownB. that he would has a shop of his ownC. that he should has a shop of his ownD. that he would have a shop of my own52.Can you tell me _?A. is whose pronunciation goo

39、dB. who pronunciation is goodC. whose pronunciation is goodD. whose pronunciation iswell53.I wondered _ the cinema was near the post office.A. thatB. whichC. ifD. or54.Do you know _.A. what did they study forB. what they study inC. what they study forD. what do they study for55.I dont know _.A. wher

40、e does he liveB. where has he livedC. where he livesD. where he has lived in56.I am afraid _ he will not be able to come.A. ifB. thatC. howD. when57.I wonder _ I must hand in my exercise book now.A. thatB. whereC. whenD. whether58.The student always pays attention to _ the teacher says.A. thatB. wha

41、teverC. whoD. whether59.Do you know _?A.when Mr White has come to our officeB. when will Mr White come to our officeC. when Mr White will come to our officeD. when Mr White comes to our office60.Can you tell me _?A. how old she isB. how old is sheC. that how old she isD. she is how old61.He wanted t

42、o know _ in this shop.A. if this kind of radio was boughtB. if this kind of radio was soldC. whether this kinds of radio was soldD. whether this kind of radios was bought62.He wanted to know _ in the bottle.A. if there was any waterB. is there any waterC. was there any waterD. there was some water63

43、.I asked if _.A. was Mr Green at homeB. is Mr Green at homeC. Mr Green was at homeD. did Mr Green at home64.I _ that you _ a plane.A. think, couldnt drawB. think, cant drawC. dont think, could drawingD. dont think, can draw65.Betty said _.A. that she hadnt done her homework yesterdayB. that she does

44、nt do her homework yesterdayC. that she wasnt doing her homework yesterdayD. that she didnt do her homework yesterday66.Can you tell me?A. what size trousers your son wearsB. what size trousers your son puts onC. which size trousers your son puts onD. which size trousers your son wears67.I asked if Mary _ this morning.A. didnt comeB. didnt cameC.