清新WIN8风蓝灰商务PPT模板

1、, ,木材及其加工工艺, , ,木材的基本特征,木材的宏观构造,树枝, ,03,06,木材的基本特征,木材的宏观构造,树干,形成层, ,03,木材的基本特征,木材的三切面,横切面: 从垂直于树木生长方向锯开的截面。该截面硬度最大，耐磨损，但易折断，难刨削，加工后不易得到光洁的表面；,径切面:沿树木生长方向，通过髓心并与年轮垂直锯开的切面。径切面材质收缩小，不易翘曲，木材挺直，牢度较好；,弦切面:沿树木生长方向，不通过髓心锯开的切面。在弦切面上形成山峰状和“V”字形木材纹理，花纹美观但易翘曲变形, ,易变性和燃烧,木材的基本特征,木材的基本性能,质轻,2, ,木材的工艺特性,将木材原材料通过木工

2、手工工具或木工机械设备加工成构件，并将其组装成制品，再经过表面处理、涂饰，最后形成一件完整的木制品的技术过程。,木材的成型加工,木材的表面装饰技术,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,(1)配料,按照木制品的质量要求，将各种不同树种、不同规格的木材，锯割成符合制品规格的毛料，即基本构件。,基准面的加工,(2),为了构件获得正确的形状、尺寸和粗糙度的表面，并保证后续工序定位准确，必须对毛料进行基准面的加工，作为后续工序加工的尺寸基准。,相对面的加工,(3),基准面完成后，以基准面为基准加工出其他几个表面。, ,(6)表面修整,构件的表面修整加工应根据表面的质量要求来决定。外露的构件表面要精确修整

3、，内部用料可不作修整。,(5)榫头、榫眼及型面的加工,榫结合是木制品结构中最常用的结合方式，因此，开榫、打眼工序是构件加工的主要工序，其加工质量直接影响产品的强度和使用质量。,(4)划线,保证产品质量的关键工序，它决定了构件上榫头、榫眼及圆孔等的位置和尺寸，直接影响到配合的精度和结合的强度。,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程, ,木材加工的基本方法,木材的成型加工,木材的铣削, ,木材加工的装配,木材的成型加工,(1)榫结合,(2)胶结合,(3)螺钉与圆钉结合, ,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,木材的成型加工,木材加工的装配, ,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,木材的成型加工,木材

4、加工的装配,(4)板材拼接常用的结合方式, ,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,木材的表面装饰技术,木制品的表面涂饰,木制品的表面覆贴,表面覆贴是将面饰材料通过粘合剂粘贴在木制品表面而成一体的一种装饰方法,聚氯乙烯膜(PVC膜)、人造革、DAP装饰纸、AIKOY纤维膜、三聚氰胺板、木纹纸、薄木等。, ,常用木材,原木,人造板材,新颖木材, ,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,原木,板材-横断面宽度为厚度的3倍及3倍以上者。,方材-横断面宽度不足厚度的3倍者。,薄木-厚度小于1mm的薄木片。厚度在0.050.2 mm的称为微薄木 。, ,木材加工的工艺流程,人造板材,胶合板,刨花板,纤维板,

5、细木工板,克服木材各向异性,隔热隔音性能好,不易胀缩开裂，具有隔热、吸音,拼合结构, ,新颖木材, ,木材在设计中的应用,设计中木材的选用,有一定的强度及韧性，刚度和硬度，重量适中，材质结构应细致。 有美丽的自然纹理，材质感悦目。 干缩，湿胀性和翘曲变形性小。 易加工，切削性能良好。 胶合、着色及涂饰性能好。 弯曲性能好。 有抗气候和虫害性。,木材的感觉特性,视感,触感, ,木材的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,设计实例,Gallery 画廊椅获IF奖-德国工业品设计国际奖，IF奖目前是国际工业设计领域最高奖项,堪称设计界的奥斯卡。, ,高分子材料及其加工工艺,无论是家电外壳还是办公用品，衣服纽

6、扣，无论是家具拉手，数码产品还是还是机床，照明灯罩，汽车仪表盘等，都由各种塑料加工而成，塑料成为当今产品中利用率最高的材料。, ,高分子聚合物的基本知识, ,高分子聚合物的基本知识,高分子聚合物的特点,(1)具有可分割性,(2)具有弹性,(3)具有可塑性,(4)具有绝缘性,高分子聚合物的组成,高分子聚合物虽然分子量很大，但化学组成比较简单，都是由简单的结构单元以重复的方式连接而成。,高分子聚合物的力学状态,(1)玻璃态,(2)高弹态,(3)粘流态, ,高分子聚合物的基本知识,高分子聚合物的力学状态,(1)玻璃态,(2)高弹态,(3)粘流态,玻璃态相当于小分子物质的固态。只能使大分子中的原子作轻

7、微的振动，从而产生较小的可逆形变。,随着温度继续增加，到达玻璃化温度时，分子链段产生高弹形变，这种形变具有可逆性，在常温下处于高弹恋的聚合物，可可作为弹性材料使用。,温度继续增加达到软化温度时，聚合物进入粘流态，形成很大的形变，这种形变具有不可逆性，它不是一种使用状态，而是工艺状态。, ,高分子聚合物的基本知识,高分子聚合物的力学状态,玻璃态,高弹态,粘流态,形变,Tg,Tf,温度, ,塑料的基本特性,塑料的组成,塑料的分类,塑料按热行为可分为热塑性塑料和热固性塑料；按其应用可分为通用塑料、工程塑料、特种塑料和增强塑料。,塑料的一般特性,(1)塑料质轻，比强度高(比强度是指强度与密度的比值)，

8、有一定的强度,(2)多数塑料制品有透明性，并具有光泽，能着鲜艳色彩,(3)优良的电绝缘性,(4)耐磨、自润滑性能好,(5)塑料有耐化学药品性,(6) 塑料成型加工方便，能大批量生产,塑料是以合成树脂为主要成分，适当加入填料、增塑剂、稳定剂、润滑剂、色料等添加剂，在一定温度和压力下塑制成型的一类高分子材料, ,材料的工艺特性,塑料的成型加工,塑料的二次加工,塑料的成型方法很多，根据加工时聚合物所处状态的不同，塑料成型加工的方法大体可分为三种： 处于玻漓态的塑料，可以采用车、铣、钻、刨等机械加工方法和电镀、喷涂等表面处理方法。 当塑料处于高弹态时，可以采用热压、弯曲、真空成型等加工方法。 把塑料加

9、热到粘流态，可以进行注射成型、挤出成型、吹塑成型等加工。,塑料的成型加工,木材加工的工艺流程,(1)注射成型,将粉粒状的塑料原料先在加热料筒中均匀塑化，然后由柱塞或移动螺杆将粘流状塑料用较高的压力和速度注入到预先合模的模具中，冷却硬化而成所需制品的成型方法。,塑料的成型加工,(1)注射成型机,塑料的成型加工,(2)挤出成型,挤出成型又称挤塑成型，是在挤出机中通过加热、加压而使物料以流动状态连续通过挤出模成形的方法。,热塑性塑料,流动性较好的热固性塑料,增强塑料,塑料的成型加工,(3)压制成型,压制成型主要用于热固性塑料制品的生产，有模压法和层压法两种。,(1) 模压法,其原理是将定量的塑料原料

10、置于金属模具内，闭合模具，加热加压，使塑性原料塑化流动并充满模腔，同时发生化学反应而固化成型,热固性塑料和增强塑料,部分热塑性塑料,(2)层压法,将浸渍过树脂的片状材料叠合至所需厚度后放入层压机中，在一定的温度和压力下使之粘合固化成层状制品,塑料的成型加工,(4)吹塑成型,(1) 薄膜吹塑,(2) 中空吹塑,挤出吹塑,用挤出机挤出管状型坯，趁热将其夹在模具模腔内并封底，向管坯内腔通入压缩空气吹胀成型。,塑料的成型加工,(4)吹塑成型,注射吹塑,分为冷型坯吹塑和热型坯吹塑。前者是将注射制成的试管状有底型坯冷却后移入吹塑模内，将型坯再加热并通入压缩空气吹胀成型；后者则是将注射制成的试管状有底型坯立

11、即趁热移入吹塑模内进行吹胀成型。,挤出或注射制成的型坯加热到适当的温度，进行纵向拉伸，同时或稍后用压缩空气吹胀进行横向拉伸。,拉伸吹塑,塑料的成型加工,5压延成型,6 、滚塑成型,7 、 铸塑成型（包括嵌铸）,8 搪塑成型,9 醮涂成型,、流延成型,11、传递模塑成型,12 、 反应注塑成型,、手糊成型,14 、 缠绕成型,15、喷射成型,塑料的二次加工,1 、塑料机械加工,塑料机械加工包括锯、切、车、铣、磨、刨、钻、喷砂、抛光、螺纹加工等。,2、塑料热成型,将塑料板材(或管材、棒材)加热软化进行成型的方法。,3、塑料连接,塑料连接包括机械连接、焊接、溶剂粘接和胶接等；塑料与塑料、塑料与金属或

12、其他材料的连接，除一般使用的机械连接方法外，还有热熔粘接、溶剂粘接和胶粘剂粘接(胶粘)等方法。,塑料的二次加工,(1)塑料焊接,(2) 塑料溶剂粘接,(3)塑料胶接,聚乙烯、聚丙烯、尼龙和聚缩醛不能采用该种方法。,利用有机溶剂将需粘接的塑料表面溶解或溶胀、通过加压粘接在一起，形成牢固的接头,利用热作用，使塑料连接处发生熔融，并在一定压力下粘接在一起。,4 塑料表面处理,涂饰,镀饰,烫印,塑料产品的设计结构,1、形状,2、壁厚,3、圆角,（1）可提高制品的成形性；（2）可增加制品的强度；（3）可防止制品变形,4、脱模斜度,5、加强肋和角板,6、嵌件,7、分模线,8、孔洞,常用的塑料材料,通用塑料

13、,工程塑料,增强塑料,（玻璃钢）,泡沫塑料,塑料在设计中的应用,Sean Yoo 于2005年为Casamania公司设计以可发性聚丙烯为原料的陈列架或书架这款设计有数不清的用途，但是乍一看都不显而易见。不规则的线条融合了古罗马的石匠技艺，从风格上、材料上和功能上来看，都不失为一种现代化的物品。无论选择了哪种功能，这个产品都格外适用于未构建的环境，它将作为一种极具个性化风格的元素去挑战原先存在的模式。, ,橡胶, ,橡胶的分类及特性,橡胶有多种分类，可以按原料分，可以按形态分，又分为通用型和特种型,按原料分为天然橡胶和合成橡胶,按形态分为块状生胶、乳胶、液体橡胶和粉末橡胶,按使用,通用型,特种

14、型,天然橡胶。,异戊橡胶,丁苯橡胶,顺丁橡胶,丁腈橡胶，,耐油性、耐热性、耐寒 性、耐压性和耐水性，气密性及优良的粘结性能, ,橡胶的分类及特性,一、橡胶的可燃性,二、橡胶的气体透过性(气密性),三、橡胶的电性能,四、橡胶的热性能,五、橡胶的变形与温度、变形速度和时间的关系,六、橡胶的应力应变性质,七、橡胶的分子特征-构成橡胶弹性体的特点, ,橡胶的加工工艺,塑炼,混炼,压延,压出,硫化,降低生胶的分子量，增加塑性，提高可加工性,使配方中各个组分混合均匀，制成混炼胶,混炼胶或与纺织物钢丝等骨架材料通过压片压型贴合擦胶贴胶等操作制成一定规格的半成品的过程,混炼胶通过口型压出各种断面的半成品的过程

15、,通过一定的温度压力和时间后是橡胶大分子发生化学反应产生交联的过程, ,常用的橡胶材料, ,橡胶在设计中的应用, ,BULLET TEX, ,MEET THE TEAM,Some text about MEET THE TEAM related goes here. Some text about WELCOME related goes here.,Expertness/Skills: Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,John Harrie Post Title,Expertness/Skills: Some

16、 text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,John Harrie Post Title,Expertness/Skills: Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,John Harrie Post Title,Expertness/Skills: Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,John Harrie Post Title, ,MEET THE TEAM,Expertn

17、ess/Skills: Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,John Harrie Post Title, ,OUR SERVICES,Service One,Service Two,Service Three,Service Four,Service Five,Service Six,

18、Service Seven,Service Eight,Service Nine,Service Thirteen,Service Twelve,Service Eleven,Service Ten, ,WHAT DO WE DO,Service Name,About This Service Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes

19、here Some text about., ,WE DO FOR YOU,Service Name Here,About This Service Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text

20、about., ,GRAPHIC CHART,About This Graphic Chart Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about.,10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01,30%,90%,60%,20%,60%,50%,40%,100%,70%,30%,50%,20%,Description Ash color mean this and desc

21、ription for this and this.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,2009,2010,2011,2012,2009 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about

22、.,2011 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,2010 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,2012 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text

23、about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about., ,GRAPHIC CHART,About This Graphic Chart Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and

24、this.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,2009 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,2011 Some text about SKILLS related goe

25、s here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,2010 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,2012 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goe

26、s here Some text about.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SK

27、ILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about.,60%,40%,30%,25%, ,GRAPHIC CHART,About This Graphic Chart Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text ab

28、out. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this. Ash color mean this and description f

29、or this and this.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this. Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this. Ash color mean this and description for this and this.,06 05 04 03 02 01,40%,50%,15%, ,PLANNI

30、NG/TARGET,About This Service Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,Factor One,Factor Three,Factor Five,Factor Two,Factor Four,Factor Six,Factor Seven,Factor Nine,Fa

31、ctor Eight,Factor Ten,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about., ,PLANNING/TARGET,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS relat

32、ed goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,About This Service Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. This heading text S

33、ome text about PLANNING/TARGET related goes here Some text about. Some text about PLANNING/TARGET related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,Factor One,Factor Three,Factor Five, ,GROWING/GOALS

34、,About This Service Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. This heading text Some text about PLANNING/TARGET related goes here .,2009 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes.,2011 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some t

35、ext about. Some text about SKILLS Some text.,2010 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS.,2012 Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS .,2009,2010,2011,2012,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and

36、 this. Ash color mean this and.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this. Ash color mean this and.,Description Ash color mean this and description for this and this. Ash color mean this and., ,OUR AWARDS,Some text about OUR AWARDS related goes here. Some text about WELCOME r

37、elated goes here.,Awards for: This Awards from: This text here with short description,2010 Awards Name,Awards for: This Awards from: This text here with short description,2010 Awards Name,Awards for: This Awards from: This text here with short description,2010 Awards Name, ,OUR BEST CLIENTS,Company

38、Name Address text & Contact Number +123 446789 Website: ,Company Name Address text & Contact Number +123 446789 Website: ,Company Name Address text & Contact Number +123 446789 Website: ,Company Name Address text & Contact Number +123 446789 Website: ,Company Name Address text & Contact Number +123

39、446789 Website: ,Company Name Address text & Contact Number +123 446789 Website: , ,OUR CLIENTS SAYS,Some text about OUR CLIENT SAYS related goes here. Some text about WELCOME related goes here.,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about.,Some text about SKILLS related goes here Some text about. Some text about SKILL