句子种类教学课件

1、句子种类学习目标： 1. 掌握简单句的六大句型； 2. 掌握祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句 的结构和用法； 3. 掌握并列句及复合句中连词的选择 和使用。,句子种类,句子的用途,陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句,句子的结构,简单句,并列句,复合句,点击 链接,点击 链接,点击 链接,点击 链接,点击 链接,点击 链接,点击 链接,I. Statements (陈述句),Simon is playing football. (肯定句) Simon is not playing football. (否定句) There is something wrong with my bike. (肯定句) Th

2、ere isnt anything wrong with my bike. (否定句) Millie can deal with the problem of stress. (肯定句) Millie can not deal with the problem of stress. (否定句),返回,II. Questions (疑问句),返回,III. Imperatives 祈使句,返回,IV. Exclamations 感叹句,返回,简单句,简单句：只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各 成分都只由单词或短语构成的独 立句子或分句叫做简单句。 e.g. He often reads English

3、 in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. My sister will fix everything.,Six kinds of sentence structures,简单句的六种基本句型,掌握这六种基本句型，是掌握各种英语 句子结构的基础。其他各种句子都可由 这些基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。,英语的简单句有六种基本句型： 1) 主语 + 不及物动词； 2) 主语 + 系动词 + 表语； 3) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语； 4) 主语 + 及物动词 + 间宾 + 直宾； 5) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补； 6) The

4、re be 结构。,1. Spring is coming. 春天到了。 【结构描述】 主语 + 不及物动词 【用法记忆】 不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语，但有时根据意义的需要常会接状语。可在动词后加介词再接宾语。如： She smiles happily. 她高兴地笑了。 He is looking at the monkey. 他正看着猴子。,2. Leaves turn green. 树叶变绿了。 【结构描述】 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 【用法记忆】系动词是起到联系作用的动词，是连接主语和表语的。系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十几个，我们把它们分成四组，这样有助于我们记忆系动词： 一

5、be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were 二表示变化类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go,三感官动词类：眼(look)、耳(sound)、 鼻(smell)、舌(taste)、 身(feel) 四表示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、 keep 表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。通常由名词、形容词、介词短语等充当。如： The crane looks beautiful.,3. Cows eat grass on the hill. 牛儿在山上吃草。 【结构描述】 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 【用法记忆】 宾语可以由名词、代词、动词不定式

6、、v.-ing形式等充当。上句中的on the hill是地点状语，即使省略也不影响句子结构的完整。如： He broke his leg in an accident.,4. The spring gives us a warm hug. 春天给我们以热情的拥抱。 【结构描述】 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语(人) + 直接宾语(物) 【用法记忆】 间接宾语和直接宾语可以交换位置，但需要借助介词to或for。如： Tom gave me a book. = Tom gave a book to me. 汤姆给了我一本书。 Mum bought him an MP3 player. = Mu

7、m bought an MP3 player for him. 妈妈给他买了一个MP3播放器。,5. Ill make the beauty stay in my mind forever. 我要让美丽永远留在记忆中。 【结构描述】 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 【用法记忆】 宾语补足语在宾语后补充说明宾语的动作、状态或特征。宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、动词不定式、v.-ing形式和介词短语等充当，宾语补足语不能省略。如： I heard someone playing the piano over there. 我听见有人在那边弹钢琴。,6. There are many bir

8、ds singing in the trees. 树上有许多鸟儿在唱歌。 【结构描述】 there be + 主语 + 状语 【用法记忆】 当动词be后接单数可数名词或不可数名词时，be用单数；当其后接复数的可数名词时，be用复数。如： There is a shop at the corner. There are some books on the desk.,【跟踪练习】 请指出下列各句属于简单句的哪种基本句型。,A. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 B. 主语 + 不及物动词 C. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 D. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间宾 + 直宾 E. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾

9、语 + 宾补 F. there be + 主语 + 状语,( ) 1. You can write down the new words on your notebook. ( ) 2. I found the article on wildlife interesting. ( ) 3. The school bus didnt come. ( ) 4. There are five books on the desk. ( ) 5. The bread smells delicious. ( ) 6. Our English teacher showed us all her CDs.,D

10、,C,E,B,F,A,返回,并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或 分号（；）把两个或两个以上的 简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。,并列句,并列句的分类 1. 表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only but also , neither nor , then等连接。如： The teachers name is Smith, and the students name is John. 2.

11、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either or , otherwise等。如： Hurry up, or youll miss the train.,3. 表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。如： He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 4. 表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。如： August is the time

12、 of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.,1. We bought her a birthday present, _ she liked it very much. A. so B. or C. and D. but 2. Didnt you give roses to your father on Fathers Day? Oh, not only my father, _ my grandpa got red roses. A. or B. and C. but D. until,3.

13、 Would you like to go to the concert with me? Id love to, _ I cant. I have a lot of homework to do. A. or B. but C. so D. and 4. “Are you going to eat here _ take it away?” asked the waiter. A. and B. so C. or D. but 5. Mother was ill, _ Father cooked for us instead. A. but B. or C. so D. and,6. _ L

14、ily _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or 7. Da-Fa is cleaning the house _ some of his friends are coming for dinner. A. because B. but C. if D. so,返回,复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of

15、pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句和同位语 从句） 定语从句 状语从句,复合句,点击 链接,点击 链接,点击 链接,句子种类在高考中的考查重点： 1. 简单句的六大句型是最基本的句型。虽然 近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多， 但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分 去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣 词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子 来表达清楚的。 2. 祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题 的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句 结合于一体来考查。一个题目，几个考 点，是近几年命题的

16、发展趋势。,3. 高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的 考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。 如：and, but, or, while，以及其它连接 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连 接词、关联词。 4. 各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时 态联系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句 最为明显，时间从句与条件从句中，如 果主句是将来时，从句则用一般式表将 来，这一点在高考中经常考查。,I. Multiple choice,1. _ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. (2002上海春) A. How interest

17、ing B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting,2. What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. (2005全国I) A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 3. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _? (2006全国II) A. do y

18、ouB. can we C. will youD. shall we,4. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causes misunderstanding. (2007全国I) A. like B. as C. or D. but 5. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. (2007北京) A. and B. so C. but

19、D. or,6. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ it was! (2007上海) A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene,7. When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _? (2007北京) A. d

20、o you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you 8. _ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. (2008湖南) A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search,9. _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.

21、(2008湖南) A. If B. While C. Because D. As 10. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children (2008四川) A. but B. while C. because D. though,11. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? (2009陕西) A. is he B. isnt he C. must he D. mustnt he 12.

22、I wonder how much you charge for your services. The first two are free _ the third costs $30. (2009安徽) A. while B. until C. when D. before,13. Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. (2010全国I) A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 14. If you have a job, _ yourself to it and final

23、ly youll succeed. (2010四川) A. do devote B. dont devote C. devoting D. not devoting,15. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available. (2010安徽) A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until 16. Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open. (201

24、1辽宁) A. or B. and C. but D. for,17. _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. (2011天津) A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless 18. Someone wants you on the phone. _ nobody knows I am here. (2011全国I) A. Although B. And C. But D. So,19. Find ways to praise

25、 your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you. (2011山东) A. till B. or C. and D. but 20. _ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. (2011辽宁) A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether,1. 秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。,My grandfather gets up early in the morning.,II. Translation,2. 我的爷爷早晨起得很早。,In autum

26、n, some birds fly to the south.,3. 布朗夫人看起来很健康。,Mrs Brown looks very healthy.,4. 十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。,At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.,5. 昨晚我写了一封信。,6. 你们必须在两周内看完这些书。,I wrote a letter last night.,You must finish reading these books in two weeks.,7. 他的父母给他取名为John.,His parents named him John.,8. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。,All of us considered him honest.,9. 他把这本书给了他的妹妹。,10. 我将写给你一封长信。,He gave the book to his sister