学好连词决胜高考

1、并列连词、从属连词在语法填空与写作中的运用并列连词（Tuesday）英语句子分按结构可分为简单句、并列句和主从复合句。并列连词连接并列句，从属连词连接主从复合句。一、 并列连词主要有以下几种（划线的一般不考）：1表示并列关系 and，as well as，bothand，not onlybut also，neithernor2表示选择关系 or，or else，eithernor3表示转折关系 but，yet，while，whereas4表示因果关系 for，so练习：I 在下列句子中填入正确的并列连词：1Time _ tide wait for no man.2Be quick，_ it m

2、ay be too late. 3Sanger has to stay up tonight, _ there is a lot of homework to do.4Everybody lent a hand，_ the task was done on time.5Both Mary _ Peter are washing the dishes. 6He plays not only the piano，_ the violin as well. 7The criminal refused to either speak _ eat.8Neither Mary _ Tom came to

3、our party yesterday.9Try again _ you will succeed. 10The car is very old _ in good condition.11He didnt come to help，_ to hinder(妨碍) us.12He never smokes _ drinks.13Excuse me for breaking in, but I have some news for you.14It began to rain, _ we went home15Mary _ washes the dishes and dries them.16H

4、e neither drinks，smokes，_ eats meat. 17In some Asian countries , nodding the head means not “Yes”_ “No”. 18Rick was very successful. _, the last few years of his life were not happy ones.19You like sports _ Id rather read.20Young _ I am, I know some of the family secrets.II、语篇填空-用适当的词填空(主要是从句的连词)。 G

5、andhi was honored as the father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians with the belief _ he is an Indian national hero.He was born in India in 1869. _ is recorded, he got married at the age of 13, following the local custom. In 1888 he sailed to England, _ he studied

6、law for three years and became a lawyer. _ his return to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case. In South Africa he was surprised to find _ the problem of racial discrimination was serious. There he formed an organization and this was _ he started to fight for equal rights. Gandhi

7、returned to India in 1915, _ India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country. _ in the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison and it was still not sure _ they could gain independence, the st

8、ruggles never stopped. The British government had to give in and India won its independence in 1947. Unfortunately Gandhi was shot by an Indian _ opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948.III 翻译以下下句子：1我知道他被捕了并且在坐牢。2他不仅看过那部影片，而且记得影片的内容。3常饮白茶不仅能预防高血压等疾病，而且能辅助治疗牙痛和发烧等。4不仅他的一切被拿走，而且他的国籍也被取消。5那个女孩

9、高兴时，不是唱就是跳。6他既没早起，也没准时到达达学校。IV基础写作：请你根据以下信息，写一篇英语短文，向外国朋友介绍春节。【写作内容】名称： 春节（中国最重要的传统节日）；时间： 每年农历正月初一到十五之间；节前： 打扫房子，帖春联（the Spring Festival Couplets）, 买花；除夕夜： 无论离家多远，这天家庭成员都会赶回来吃团圆饭，其中饺子最受欢迎，人们相信可以带来好运；正月初一： 人们穿新衣服，探亲访友，互相祝福“新年快乐”，给孩子们压岁钱春节期间的活动：舞龙舞狮（中国传统的民间艺术，可追溯到两千年前）。【写作要求】只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。【评分标准】句子结构

10、准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。从属连词(Wednesday)定语从句的连词Notes: 引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。 关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which 关系副词：when, where, why（关系副词还相当于“介词+which”的结构）一、 关系代词（who, whom, which, that，whose）指人指物在定语从句中的作用Who主语宾语Whom宾语Which主语宾语that主语宾语whose定语that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。(1) 先行词为all, eve

11、rything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.(2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。 Ive read all the books that are not mine. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read.(4) 先行词被the only, the very, the sa

12、me修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.(5) 当先行词包括人和物时。 I still remember the people and things that I knew in middle school.(6) 当主句是以who或which 开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that 引导。 Who is the man that you talked to yesterday?在下列情况下只用which,不用that。(1) 引导非限定性定语从句。Here he worked on a short film , which won

13、him a job as the youngest film director in the world.(2) 直接作介词的宾语。Many people were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.(3) 当先行词是指人的one(s), anyone, those, he 等时，只能用who.Those who dont want to go please raise your hands.练习-用适当的关系代词填空。1. All

14、_ glitters is not gold.2. He _ laughs last laughs best.3. Id like the room _ window looks out over the sea.4. Those _ want to see the movie should book the tickets in advance.5. This is the very book _ I am looking for.二 关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during/ which) 时间时间状语where (=in/at/ which)

15、地点地点状语why (=for which) 原因原因状语关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。关系副词：when, where, why1. where 表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。相当于in which 注意：where不在从句中作主语或宾语。What is the name of the town where (in which) we stayed last night?Think of a place where (in which) we can go for dinner.Please leave the book at the place

16、where (in which) it was.2. when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。相当于on/in which Tell me the time when the train leaves.July, when (=in which) we can go home for a rest, is coming soon.3. why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语从句。相当于for whichI dont know the reason why (for which) he left here.This is the reason why (= for which) he

17、cried.三、关系代词与关系副词的区别用where, which, when, whose填空1). a. The reason _ he missed the speech is that he forgot the time. b. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable.2). a. Ill never forget the day _we spent together in Paris. b. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together at that time.3). a. Is this the

18、 factory _ we visited last year? b. Is this house _ we visited last year?解题点拨:看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；若是作状语, 就用where, when, why等关系副词；若是作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词that, which, whom, whose等。四、在下列各句填入正确的介词+which1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book _she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learn

19、ed a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.Tips：*如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语，介词不可前置。Examples:Bob found the dictionary (that) I had been looking for.This is the boy whom she has taken care of.综合练习I 用定语从句把下面各组的两个句子组合成一个句子1. John is a very kind-hearted

20、 man. You can turn to him for help.2. The book is written by that famous writer. I am very interested in it.3. It is the best book. I have been looking for this book. 4. The girl is our monitor. She is playing the piano over there.5. Linda goes to a table tennis club with a girl. The girls mother is

21、 a teacher.II 单句填空用适当的代词或副词1. Ill never forget the day _ I spent there.2. Can you tell me the reason _ you were absent today?3. This is the pen with _ I wrote the letter.4. The man from _ I learned the news came.5. Here is the hero _ we are proud of.6. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of _

22、 were made of small diamonds. 7. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. 8. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him.III、用适当的介词填空1. Alice asked the policeman _whom she worked to contact her whenever there was an acciden

23、t.2. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ whom she could turn for help.3. I have many friends, _ whom some are businessmen.4. They will visit the farm _ which my brother works.5. Water is very important for us _ which we can not live.6. What was the reason _ which you visited the city?7

24、. Ill never forget the day _ which I worked with you.8. Ill never forget the days _ which I worked with you.9. The school _ which I learned judo was very large.10. The school _ which I was sent was very large.III翻译下列句子，注意用定语从句翻译划线部分1他会告诉你所有他听说到的事情。2这是林肯曾经住过的房子吗？3他所给出的不来的原因是他妈妈不允许。4一种植物的生长速度由许多因素影响，它

25、们大部分不受我们控制。5我们在近来一次去英国旅游时参观的科学博物馆是伦敦的旅游景点之一。6我在一所学校学习。他的名声已经开始在全国传播开来。IV基础写作（星期三下午辅导课）最近科学家研究发现，现在的年轻人走路很少，这对于他们的健康不利。现在请你把这个发现和专家的建议写成一篇英语短文，以提醒身边的人们要重视运动，关注健康。以下是短文的内容：写作内容研究机构和对象：The Researchers 杂志对2000人进行调查研究发现：18-24岁的年轻人中有四分之一平均每天步行不到5分钟原因：1. 很多人把步行少归咎于科技的发展；2. 有些年轻人觉得没有人一起散步也是步行少的一个原因。专家建议： 每天

26、多步行，不要总是开车或搭公车；每天多步行20分钟可以降低很多疾病发生的风险，如心脏病和中风。参考词汇： 中风 stroke写作要求 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容评分标准 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句）的连词主语从句：1 That he will succeed is certain.2. It is not known whether he will go there.Note：为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面。连词：that, whetherwho, what, which, whoever

27、, whatever, when, where, why, how宾语从句：They know that the habit will kill them. He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. Note：宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分(可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)连词：that, whether, ifwho, what, which, whoever, whatever, when, where, why, how表语从句：1. The question is w

28、hether we can rely on him. 2. Thats because we were in need of money at that time.3. Thats why I was late.Note：表语从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在系动词之后。 连词： that / whether / as if / as though (if不引导表语从句)who / whom / whose / which / whatwhen / where / why / how / because 同位语从句：The idea that computers can recognize hu

29、man voices surprises many people.Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect (视察) them.连词： 常用that引导或用连接副词when / where / why / how / whether 考点归纳：一、名词性从句连接词的选用1. that 和what 的选用： that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。(1) _ he wants is

30、a book.(2) _ he wants to go there is obvious.(3) The result is _ we won the game.(4) This is _ we want to know.(5) Is _ he told us true?(6) We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.(7) I have no doubt _ he will come.(8) I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.2 if 和whether不能使用if 的情况: a. 主语从

31、句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 d. 介词后的宾语从句e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do. f. 与 or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.(1) I asked her _ she had a bike.(2) _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.(3) Were worried about _ he is safe.(4) I dont know _ he is well or not.(5) I dont know _ or not he

32、 is well.(6) The question is _ he should do it.(7) The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.(8) I havent decided _ to go there.练习I用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空(1) I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.(2) I have no idea _ he looks like.(3) This is _ I left my glasses.(4) It is a

33、 pity _ he has made such a mistake.(5) The reason is _ he is careless.(6) The news _ our team won the match inspired us.(7) I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.(8) He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(9) I have no idea _ he comes from.(10) I hav

34、e no doubt _ he will win.(11) I have some doubt _ he will win.(12) _ you dont like him is none of my business. (13) _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (14) A thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.(15) _ was most impor

35、tant to her, she told me, was her family. II 语篇填空-用适当的词填空(主要是从句的连词)。 My mother insisted _ everyone in her life treat her with respect. _ she wasnt wealthy _ well educated, my mother not only understood and appreciated her value, _ believed in it strongly. _ she learned my father was cheating on her,

36、 she insisted _ he move out of our home. Not the next day or the next week. To me, as a child, _ she refused to take my father back seemed harsh, even cruel. As a woman, however, I have come to understand it. For my mother, putting Daddy out of the house _ her life wasnt about pride; it was about pr

37、inciple, the one she had always lived by, the one _ she believed in with all her heart: No one was going to love and respect you _ you loved and respected yourself.III、翻译，注意用名词性从句翻译划线部分1他给了我们很多建议：早点起床多做运动。2医生真正怀疑的是她妈妈能否从这种重病中康复过来。3我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。4重庆人民为他们尽十年来所取得的成就而自豪。5他不能回答如何得到这笔钱的问题。状语从句的连词(Saturd

38、ay)注意：广东高考语法填空不考由两个单词组成的连接词，如as if, now that 这样的连接词,下面划线连词为重点考查对象时间状语从句：常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when instantly 地点状语从句

39、: 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere 原因状语从句: 常用引导词：because=in that, since=now that(既然), as, for(补充说明) 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that（考虑到）. 目的状语从句：常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that（唯恐生怕），in the hope that（带着.希望）, for the p

40、urpose that（带着.目的）, to the end that 结果状语从句：常用引导词：so that, such that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, 条件状语从句：常用引导词：if, unless, once特殊引导词：as/so long as（只要）, only if, providing/provided that（倘若）, supposing that（倘若）, in case that（以防）, on condition that 让步状

41、语从句： 常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though （即使） 特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever, as if=as though（仿佛） 比较状语从句：常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词：the more the more just as ， so; A

42、is to B what /as X is to Y（A对B来说，像X对Y一样）; no more than; not A so much as B 方式状语从句：常用引导词：as, as if, how 特殊引导词：the way练习I单句填空1-Did you return Freds call? -I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. 2Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. 3_ I could get in a wo

43、rd, he had measured me.4Dont promise anything _ you are one hundred percent sure. 5I met Lucy _ I was walking along the river.6_ you see her, you will not forget her.7Mother did not go to bed _ I came home.8Please write it down _ you forget it.9It was ten years ago _ I came to this town.10It will be

44、 years _ we meet again.11_ I live there are plenty of sheep.12The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.13_ the day was fine, they decided to walk around.14He was _ angry_ he left the room without saying a word.15He made _ an excellent sp

45、eech _ everyone admired him。16The film was not _ good _ I had expected.17He swims faster _ any other student in his class.18_ she was tired, she stayed up to watch the late night film.19Ill do it _ you like it or not. 20You couldnt be heard, _ loudly you shout.21A small car is big enough for a famil

46、y of three _ you need more space for baggage. 22There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. 23_ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. 24Most plants need sunlight just _ we need water.III 翻译1众所周知除非你有规律地运动，否则你不能保持健康。2我爸爸给我买了辆单车以便我可以快点到达学校。3所有人，不管年老或年轻，贫穷或

47、富裕，都已经尽力帮助灾后需要帮助的人。4他们将搭飞机到华盛顿，并计划在那里待两到三天。5你最好不要把药品放在孩子能拿得到地方。IV 语篇填空-用适当的词填空(主要是从句的连词)(1)Mrs. White is a good lady. _ is known to everyone, she is very kind and helpful to her neighbors. A few days ago, she heard her new neighbor, _ name she forgot, would come and move into his new house, _ is onl

48、y 20 meters away from hers, but she had never seen him. One day when she came back home, she saw a man _ was wearing a brown hat carrying a ladder on his shoulder. The man put the ladder against the window _ faces north. Mrs. White said to herself. “Thief, it is a thief.” She rang up the police imme

49、diately and soon two policemen appeared in front of the house _ the thief wanted to steal things. When the man was told to hand in everything _ he had stolen, the man shrugged his shoulders and made a face, _ made the policemen and Mrs. White angry. The man looked surprised. It was then _ the man un

50、derstood the reason _ the policeman came. The man said with a smile, “I cant find my key. But its my new house.”(2)About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City _ a woman and a young boy sat down at the table. I couldnt help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one p

51、oint the woman asked: “So, how have you been?” And the boy, _ couldnt have been more than seven or eight years old, replied. “Frankly, Ive been feeling a little depressed lately.”This incident stuck in my mind _ it confirmed my growing belief _ children are changing. As far as I can remember, my fri

52、ends and I didnt find out we were “depressed” _ we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. _ this is good or bad is difficult to say, _ it certainly is different.(3)I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing _happened in my restaurant today

53、. This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew _ he was. We wondered _ he was so hungry. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted _ the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked _ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see _ he took out of a letter and a million pound bank-n