4月全国高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案解析

1、精品自学考试资料推荐全国 2018 年 4 月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码： 00096（请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上）I. Choose one answer that best explains the underlined part of the following statements or best completes them:(30%)1.Farmers bartered rice for machinery.A. exportedB. importedC. exchangedD. charged2.Money is still a major incentive

2、 in most occupations.A. procedureB. stimulusC. potentialD. section3.For China s newly-rising enterprises, profits are up throughout the region thanks largely to low wages.A. productsB. salesC. bonusesD. returns4.The workers demanded the same wage and the same treatment! There must be no discriminati

3、on.A. distributionB. prejudiceC. agreementD. performance5.Victims of the world s largest industrial accident got $470compensationmillion.A. conversationB. paymentC. preparationD. competition6.South Korea needs only some degree of sweat and some degree of technological sophistication.A. effortB. wate

4、rC. feverD. sweet7.Experts predict that the stock market will remain buoyant.A. buyingB. risingC. decliningD. descending8.International conditions for growth in developing countries deteriorated in 1991.A. betteredB. determinedC. worsenedD. damaged9.Far from capitulating to this new thrust of Americ

5、an trade policy, Japan is taking a stand that could lead to a trans-Pacific1精品自学考试资料推荐confrontation.A. pointB. pressureC. pullD. priority10.Measures to reduce costs are beginning to take effect.A. affect all sidesB. produce desired resultsC. impact costD. have influence11.A business tax cut is neede

6、d to spur industrial investment.A. spreadB. spoilC. stimulateD. spill12.I wanted to go out, but I had no money. I had no alternative but to stay at home.A. alternateB. chooseC. alertD. choice13.A key element of his economic program is the promotion of free trade and investment.A. encouragementB. pro

7、tectionC. excitementD. innovation14.Speculators deserted the security and big yields afforded by the equity and money markets.A. stockB. assetC. equalityD. sales15.Trade and investment liberalization will aggravate the competition on the domestic and international markets.A. worldB. foreignC. localD

8、. abroadII. Translate the following phrases into Chinese: (10%) 16.most-favored nation treatment17.trade surplus18.hard currency19.merger of banks20.liquid assets21.a hermit nation22.trade negotiation23.at a rough estimate24.Chinese Export Commodities Fair25.foreign exchange reservesIII. Translate t

9、he following phrases into English:(10%)26.独家经销合同2精品自学考试资料推荐27.经常项目28.清算协议29.人均收入30.无壁垒市场31.双重税32.房地产33.试销34.知识产权35.商业周期IV . Read the following passages and answer the following questions in English:(18%)Passage 1A clearly confident China has rolled up a large section of its bamboo curtain, declared

10、itself“ open to the outside worldand hung signs on nearly all its cities inviting foreign investors to come and do serious business.For foreign investors,the prospect of having access to a market of 1.3billionconsumers no longer seems like apipedream. The Chinese in particular the rural population a

11、re getting richer and now want visible improvements to theirstandard of living: they aspire to own colour TV sets, refrigerators, trucks, washing machines and better radios, bicycles andclothing. Even local factories are taking note of the vast potential sales in their own domestic market.36.Please

12、paraphrase“ has rolled up a large section of its bamboo curtain” in Line 1.37.What is implied by using the word“ better ” ? Does it refer merely to the quality of goods here or something more?38.What do “ having access to” and“ sales ” mean?Passage 2America wants Japan to meet import targets for som

13、e American goods. An unwilling Japan has decided to draw the line.Once, when Japan faced pressure from abroad, it would either give in reluctantly or keep quiet and hope that the fusswould die down. No longer, it seems. The Clinton administration strongly believes in exerting such pressure. Its poli

14、cy is toopen some Japanese markets (whichit deems to be closed) by setting importtargets an approach to trade policy thatsupporters call “ result-oriented” . This ugly term foreshadows uncertain consequences. Far from capitulating to this newthrust of American trade policy, Japan is taking a stand t

15、hat could lead to a trans-Pacific confrontation.39.Please give a synonym to the expression“ give in ” and explain the meaning of“ draw the line”40.What would Japan do in the past when foreign countries put pressure on its international trade policy?41. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence“ No l

16、onger, it seems”.V. Read the following two passages and decide whether the statements are true or false. Mark T for true and F for false in the brackets given: (20%)Passage 1China is now reaching for the next rung on the economic ladder. Last fall Beijing agreed to open its markets to more3精品自学考试资料推

17、荐U.S. goods, including everything fromPolaroid filmto automobiles. In return, Washington would support China smembership in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. Membership in this club, which includes all the worlds leadingeconomies, couldprovide a huge boost for a low-wageexport economy. Alr

18、eady though, China s commercialstrength isstarting to worrycompetitors. Last yearChinas trade surplus surged, buoyed by exports of toys, textiles and consumerelectronics. Its trade surplus with the United States hit a record $18 billion. Only Japan s was larger. With the U.S. Congress due to conside

19、r the renewal of China s most -favored nation trade status in June, officials in Beijing fear the trade imbalancecould surpass human rights as a source of U.S. opposition to preferred status for China.“ The trade sNo.1 problem this year,” says one Chinese officialJapan,. we“llAfterbefirst in line fo

20、r retaliation.”Statements:42. China s trade surplus, mainly from exports of toys, textiles and consumer electronics, decreased last year.43. The strategy of opening markets to more U.S. goods is adopted by Chinese le aders in the hope of obtaining Washingtonsupport in winning back China s membership

21、TT. in GA44.China became the country which held the largest trade surplus with the U.S. last year.45.In the past, the trade imbalance was regarded as the more importantsource of U.S. opposition to preferred status forChina than human rights.46. Officials in Beijing attach much importance to the trad

22、e surplus. Passage 2Nike is the world s largest supplier of athletic footwear and among the most successful consumer-products companies tohave emerged in the past 20 years. Part of that success has come about by paying rock-bottom wages to the workers who make the shoes. All but 1% of the 90 million

23、 shoes Nike makes each year are manufactured in Asia.Nike is as American as Coca-cola. Part of its appeal to the millions of people around the world who buy its athleticshoes is that Nike is selling a sense of freedom.“ Just do it!” exult Nike s advertisements.But there is a rough side to this dream

24、: the ruthlessness with which Nike pares its costs. The company is for ever on the look-out for cheap production sites. If costs in a particular country or factory move too far out of line, productivity will have to rise to compensate, or Nike will take its business elsewhere. The firm uses about 40

25、 factories; 20 have closed in the past five years or so and another 35 have opened.Nike may look likean all-Americanenterprise, but its success relies on its abilityto harness Asia s spectacularmanufacturing expertise. “ Were always looking for new manufacturing sources, ” says Nikes vice-president

26、for production.“ People ask why we dont produce more in Eastern Europe, but weve concluded that the most capable manufacturers arein Asia.”The organization of Nike is simple and effective. All the production risk is taken by contractors.“We dontknow thefirst thing about manufacturing, ” says Nike s

27、vice-president for Asia-Pacific. “ We are marketers and designers.” There are the areas on which it concentrates its resources. Yet it retains the advantages of firms which produce in-house, namely a high degree of control over quality and the ability to respond rapidly to changing tastes.4精品自学考试资料推

28、荐Until recently, almost all Nike s shoes were made in South Korea and Taiwan, but as labor costs there have soared,firm s contractors in these two areas have moved much of their production to cheaper sites in Indonesia and Thailand.Statements:47. The most important ingredient of Nike s success is giving people a s