现代木结构建筑施工及优势

1、,Modern Wood Frame Construction Process and Advantages,现代木结构建筑施工及优势,概要 Outline 加拿大木业介绍Intro to Canada Wood 木结构房屋简介Intro to wood frame 木结构房屋施工过程WF Process 木结构房屋优势Advantages 项目Projects in China,Steve Ross, Deputy Director, Training and Quality Services,全球：扩大出口市场Globally: Grow export markets 中国：开发适合中国国

2、情的木结构建筑解决方案 China: Develop wood solutions for Chinas construction challenges,使命Mandate,资金来源Funding,Resources provided by: 由下述单位提供资金来源： 1.加拿大政府-加拿大木材出口项目 The Government of Canada: NRCan Canada Wood Export Program 2.卑诗省-林创投资有限公司 The Province of British Columbia Forestry Innovation Investment 3.加拿大林产工业

3、协会Forest industry associations,组织架构Organizational Structure,Based on the “Team Canada” approach to export development 团结加拿大林产业协力推动发展中加木材进出口贸易 Representing Canadas Forest Industry 代表加拿大林产工业界 Federation of Associations 行业协会联合体 Not for profit 非盈利性,Canadas largest forest products companies 集中了加拿大最具规模的林产

4、品公司,开拓新市场Developing New Markets,Research 调研,Commercial Support 商业支持,Training 培训课程,Demonstration Projects 示范项目,Government Relations 政府关系,8,Strategy,战略,尼泊尔Taleju庙 1667年 Taleju Temple, Nepal - 1667,木框架建筑的历史 History of Wood Construction,台湾龙山寺 1740年 Lung Shan Temple, Taiwan - 1740,木框架建筑的历史 History of Woo

5、d Construction,木框架建筑的历史 History of Wood Construction,中国豫园 1559年 Yu Yuan, China - 1559,美国Fairbank别墅, 1636年 Fairbank House, USA - 1636,美国Parlange Plantation 别墅, 1750年 Parlange Plantation House, USA - 1750,木框架建筑的历史 History of Wood Construction,木材可以建造民居WOOD as a building material - Residential,介绍,木材可以用于

6、平改坡屋顶改造WOOD as a building material - Wood Truss Roofing,平改坡, 同时适用于旧房改造和新房建造 Ideal for renovating older apartment buildings. 造价低、工期短、更节能 Cost effective, fast, and improves energy efficiency.,木材可以用于楼板和隔断墙体WOOD as a building material - Infill Floors and walls,成本低 Cost advantage 容易安装 Installs easily in

7、concrete 舒适的居住环境 Comfortable living surface Low carbon,隔楼,木材可以用于建筑商业及公共建筑 WOOD as a building material - commercial and public buildings,介绍,木结构房屋施工过程,WFC Process,木框架房屋一般支承在混凝土基础上。Wood-frame houses are commonly supported on concrete foundations.,施工过程简介WFC Process,施工过程简介WFC process,基木板放置在基木托上，固定到混凝土基础，

8、并且用锚栓将木框架结构牢固地与基础连接。Sill plates are placed over a sill gasket and attached to the concrete foundation with anchor bolts to securely fasten the wood-frame structure to the foundation.,基木托,基木板,锚栓,施工过程简介WFC process,然后建造室外和室内墙体，提升就位并临时固定。Exterior and interior walls are then constructed, raised into posi

9、tion, and temporarily secured.,施工过程简介WFC process,结构楼板框架构件通常是定型木或工程木制品。Structural floor framing members are usually dimension lumber or engineered wood products.,施工过程简介WFC process,楼板基层通常是板材产品，如胶合板或 定向刨花板，与楼板搁栅牢固连接。Sub-floors are usually panel products such as plywood or OSB, and are securely fastened

10、 to the floor joists.,施工过程简介WFC process,一旦所有墙体建好并临时支撑后，放置屋顶桁架并固定就位。 Once all the walls have been built and temporarily braced, the roof trusses are placed and secured into position.,施工过程简介WFC process,施工过程简介WFC process,一旦装好屋顶覆面板，可以应用最终的屋顶覆面。Once the roof is sheathed, a final roof covering can be appl

11、ied.,施工过程简介WFC process,屋顶材料Roof - Materials,木制屋面wood shingles 沥青屋面板asphalt shingles 混凝土粘土瓦concrete / clay tile 金属屋顶metal roofing,给排水、采暖通风空调、电气和其它机械系统现在开始安装。 The installation of the plumbing, HVAC, electrical, and other mechanical systems is now started.,施工过程简介WFC process,给排水、采暖通风空调、电气和其它机械系统现在开始安装。

12、The installation of the plumbing, HVAC, electrical, and other mechanical systems is now started.,施工过程简介WFC process,现在安装窗户，室外覆以覆面板层。Windows are now installed and the exterior covered with a sheathing membrane.,施工过程简介WFC process,Weather barrier is applied to protect the building from rain water 呼吸纸用于保

13、护建筑物免于雨水侵害,施工过程简介WFC process,现在进行外部装修。Exterior finishes are now applied.,施工过程简介WFC process,在寒冷的气候，保温材料与蒸汽隔层一起安装。Insulation is installed, along with a vapour barrier in cold climates.,施工过程简介WFC process,在框架构件内铺设石膏板，然后加以饰面。Gypsum board is then applied to the interior of the framing members and finished

14、.,施工过程简介WFC process,现在安装室内饰面。Interior finishes are now installed.,施工过程简介WFC process,外部及内部装修完成，房屋可供居住。Both the exterior and interior finishes are completed and the building is ready for occupancy.,施工过程简介WFC process,木结构建筑的优势 Benefits of the Wood Frame System,节能 Energy Efficiency,低碳Low carbon,可持续性 Sust

15、ainability,地震表现 Seismic Performance,优势,木结构建筑的优势-低碳 Advantages of WFCLow Carbon,Photosynthesis光合作用,中国人均年消耗水泥1000kg，是世界平均水平的4倍。如果20%水泥用木材制品代替，每年就可减排二氧化碳1.2亿吨。 Mean consumption of Cement in China one person one year reach to 1000 kg, 4 times of world average level, if we instead 20% cement with lumbers

16、, which will decrease CO2 0.12 billion tons each year,木结构建筑的优势Advantages of WFCLow carbon,The cement used one year per person(kg),Raised Floor Home New Orleans新奥尔良-活动地板房,减少内含能量和资源消耗Reduces embodied energy and resource depletion 木材是唯一可以更新的主要建筑材料Wood is the only major building material that is renewab

17、le 新的制造技术使树木的每一部份都充分利用，所以不浪费任何东西 New manufacturing technology allows every part of the tree to be used so that nothing is wasted,木结构建筑的优势 可持续性Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction - Sustainability,因为木材的蜂窝状构造 - 使它成为一个比钢材好400倍的良好的隔热体。Wood is a good insulator because of its cellular structure 400 times

18、 better than steel. 木框架结构易于达到高标准的保温要求。Wood-frame construction is easy to insulate to high standards.,木结构建筑的优势-节约能源Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Energy Efficient,用于木框架结构的钉接连接件一般在消耗地震能量方面是有效的。 The nail connections typically used in wood-frame construction are effective in dissipating the energ

19、y of an earthquake.,木结构建筑的优势-耐久Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Durability,木材本身強韌且質輕 亦即地震時較少的質量具有作用於建築物上的力也較低的優點。 Wood is strong and lightweight less mass is an advantage because it means lower forces are exerted on a building in an earthquake.,1995年日本神户地震导致了一千亿美圆的损失。使用北美木框架结构方法符合现代标准建造的房屋实际上未受

20、影响。The 1995 Kobe, Japan earthquake caused $100 billion in damage. Houses built to modern standards using North American wood-frame construction methods were virtually unaffected.,木结构建筑的优势-耐久Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Durability,SEISMIC TESTING 抗震测试,Extensive testing worldwide of wood light-frame systems of all sizes both in the lab and in real life shows impressive seismic performance. 世界各地在实验室及现实生活中对轻型木结构系统进行抗震测试显示木结构抗震性能良好. This photo, taken at a research lab in Japan in 2008, is from a test of a 6-sto