语法填空技巧

1、高考英语专题复习,语法填空训练及考点突破,1、阅读、理解语篇的能力; 2、分析句子结构的能力; 3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。,考查目标,高考语法填空题两类“空”：,纯空格 （5-7个）,给词填空(3- 5个）,1.谓语（时态语态数） 2.非谓语（to do-doingdone) 3.词类转换(名词形容词副词）,冠词、代词、介词、连词、及一些副词,考查方式,应试策略,How do you usually solve this problem ?,解题关键： 1 把握大意； 2 找关键词；,找出句中主语、谓语、连词,主语、谓语、连词,横线前后词,既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！ 忽略文意，直奔题目！

2、,切忌：,原则：,Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Then find out the rules .,给词填空考点讲解：,1.谓语（时态语态数） 2.非谓语（to do-doingdone) 3.词类转换(名词形容词副词）,The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, _ (change) to the library at the last minute. They didnt take

3、 many chances in their lives. They usually _ (follow) orders.,was changed,followed,应试策略,考点一、谓语动词,括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。,如果空格前是助动词（will, shall等）、情态动词（can, may, must等）或是动词加to的形式，则空格一定是 。,如果空格前是have的各种形式，则想到构成 。,如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用 。,动词原形,完成时,进行时态或被动语态,应试策略,谓语时态和语态的

4、主要考点 1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为： 现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。 过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。 2、时间、条件、状语从句中动词的时态 (if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when等); 3、时态标志； 4、时态一致性原则； 5、上下文语境；,Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _(succeed). I was afraid of _(catch) by the po

5、lice, because there was no cop anywhere around. With the problem _(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. 4. I was sitting on the bench, _(read) a novel.,to succeed,being caught,应试策略,考点二、非谓语动词,solved,reading,非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。 做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。,如果与中心词是主动关系， ；,如果与中心词是被动关系， ；,如果表

6、示将来，,一般用V-ing形式,一般用V-ed形式,应试策略,一般用动词不定式。,useless,differently,personal,应试策略,考点三、词性转换,Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was _(use). But a recent study saw things quite _ (different). , so Im very careful not to give out my _(person) information. Go _.(straight),straight,括号内给出单词

7、的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。也有可能是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-, in-等，在词根后加-less等。,应试策略,cheaper,worst,应试策略,考点四、形容词或副词,worse,This is the _(bad) film that I have ever seen. For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _ (cheap) to

8、 sit comfortably at home, Many other actors are _ (badly) off than me at present,括号内给出形容词或副词，要根据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。,应试策略,形容词 修饰名词/代词 副词 修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子 It is/was +形容词 （+for/of sb.) +to do,Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Then find out the rules .,纯

9、空格类考点讲解：,1.冠词 2.代词 3.介词 4. 连词或副词 5. 引导词,Whats _ problem? You can now make _ educated （有把握的） decision about what career to pursue.(从事) Thats _ good idea.,the,应试策略,an,考点五、冠词,a,如果空格后是单数可数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不定冠词(a, an)。 如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填定冠词(the)。,应试策略,Firstly, we must understand the

10、 language when we hear _ spoken. 2.The little boy pulled _right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it. 3. Dont mention _.,it,his,应试策略,考点六、代词,it,首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格. 如果空格后是名词，就应该考虑空格处是否用物主代词(my, your, his等)、指示代词(this, that等)、不定代词(few, little, many, muc

11、h, all, each, every, both, neither, other等)、名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。 如果空格前是动词 , 就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词。,应试策略,Television is now playing a very important role _ our life. Well, the passage just focuses _a great British poet. It was in this very room that I gave birth _ Linda seventeen years ago. In short, I believe th

12、at it is _ great use to keep a dairy in English.,on,to,in,应试策略,考点七、介词,of,应试策略,1 掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配; 2 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等 3 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,Id love to, but I dont know _ I have enough time . Work hard, _ you will succeed. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day， _ he felt very happy sinc

13、e the crop did “grow” higher.,考点八、连词或副词,引导词,应试策略,if,and,but,that,who,that,应试策略,4. One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 5.Some people say that oldest children, _ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely to succeed. 6. So careless was I _ I had forgott

14、en all about that.,(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。 (2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。 根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。,应试策略,如何判断从句类型？,空格前是名词 空格前是及物动词 空格前是系动词 空格在句首,定语从句,同位语语从句,主语从句,状语从句,所填词在后

15、面句子中充当成分,不充当成分,所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表,所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语,宾语从句,表语从句,判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句,Exercise,总结提升,总结提升,二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,并列句及复合句,非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 及变形,谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致,介词的常用用法及词组搭配,词汇, 构词法,代词,人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词,根据语义, 确定词形,分析句子,确定词性,解题四步走,提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据,通读全文,理解大意,总结提升,检查搭配, 前后连贯,1. 对于文章，要熟悉语境。,5. 对于连词