《高考动词不定式》PPT课件.ppt

1、动词不定式,一不定式的用法,做主语 不定式做主语，往往用it 做形式主语 It is impossible to finish the task in such a short time. It is a good habit to revise what you have learnt.,2.作表语,The most important thing is to form a good habit. His wish is to become a good doctor.,作宾语,英语中有许多动词都可以跟不定式作宾语，常见的有 agree, choose, manage, offer, pla

2、n, hope, want, pretend, desire, intend , hesitate, refuse V+to do,4.作宾语补足语,V+sb. to do sth E.g. force sb. to do , expect sb. to do , cause sb. to do *在下列感官动词和使役动词后不定式作宾语补足语时不带to :feel , hear, listen to, make, let, have, see, look at , watch, notice, observe.但这些句子变成被动结构，除let 外都必须带to .,E.g. I often he

3、ar the little baby cry. The little baby is often heard to cry. We dont let him join the club. He isnt let join the club.,*有些动词后的宾补结构常跟to be,e.g. believe, consider, declare, deny, feel, imagine, judge, know, prove, realize, suppose, think He is considered to be the top student in his class. This theo

4、ry proves to be right.,hope , demand, suggest 等词后不能接动词不定式作宾补，如需要进行表达的时候可以换其他词代替 wish, require, advise,作定语,E.g. Do you have the chance to be sent abroad? You should pay attention to the right way to speak English.,*由序数词(the first, the second，顺序词(the last , the next)或形容词最高级修饰的名词常接不定式作定语,E.g. He is alw

5、ays the first to come and the last to leave.,*作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词或不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词,E.g. This is a comfortable room to live in . You need a good pen to write with. Theres nothing to worry about.,但有的时候如果不定式修饰的名词是time, place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省略 Shanghai is a good place to live (in),6.

6、作状语(主要作目的和结果),E.g. He came here to tell us the good news. He is too young to know the true meaning of life.,*tooto 结构表示否定，但在以下结构中不具有否定含义,某些形容词用在该结构中表示肯定，这些形容词常用的有: anxious , delighted, eager, easy, glad, kind, pleased, ready, surprised, willing E.g. I am too glad to meet you here. He is too surprise

7、d to see that she did such a stupid thing.,2.在all, but, not, never, only, quite等后的“too.to ”结构中，too的含义为very,不定式没有否定含义,Its never too late to learn. I am only too glad to help.,7.作独立成分,To tell the truth, I can finish the work in advance.,to be frank 坦白地说 to be exact确切地说 to be sure当然，肯定 to begin with首先

8、to say the least 说地轻些 needless to say不用说 to say nothing of 更不用说 to make a long story short 长话短说,二.不定式的时态语态变化,不定式的时态,不定式的一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后 hear him knock the door. I hope to meet you at tomorrows party.,2.如果谓语表示的动作发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，要用不定式的进行式,E.G. They seemed to be having a meeting . H

9、e pretended to be sleeping when I came in.,3.不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成式,Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. I seemed to have met them somewhere before, but I cant remember it.,*未完成的愿望：be, expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want, wish,用动词的过去

10、时加不定式完成式 E.g. I was to have met him at the station, but I wasnt free. I intended to have helped you, but I dont know how to get in touch with you.,动词的过去完成式加不定式的一般式(虚拟),had intended to help you, but I didnt know how to get in touch with you. I had planned to do more research, but I wasnt free.,不定式的语态

11、,E.g. She was glad to have been given a chance to go abroad for further study. The baby needs to be taken good care of.,*动词不定式的主动表示被动,当动词不定式和句子主语有逻辑上的主谓关系和句子的宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，常用主动表示被动 I have nothing to do . Do you have anything to say? (who-do, do - what),2.不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，常用主动表示被动,e is diff

12、icult to deal with. The problem is easy to solve.,I have some words_( say) - Do you have any words _(pass) to your parents? -No. She is hard _ to .(talk) She is glad _(invite) to the party.,3.在there be 结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式，如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式,There is a lot of work to do .( Somebody has to do the work.) There is a lot of work to be done. (The work has to be done.),动词不定式的补充要点：,1.不定式在介词but , except, besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词 do 的各种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to 否则要带to I could do nothing but wait for his reply. I have no choice but to wait for his reply. 有do无to