2015高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great scientists课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

1、一、单词识记,1. _ n.宇宙; 世界 2. _ n.受害者 3. _ n.附近; 邻近 4. _ adj. 严重的, 剧烈的 5. _ n.特征; 特性,characteristic,universe,victim,neighborhood,severe,6. _ vt.照顾；出席；参加 7. _ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 8. _ vt.预见；预知 9. _ adj.积极的；肯定的 10. _ vt.打败；战胜 n.失败,defeat,attend,absorb,foresee,positive,11. _ n.治愈 vt.治愈 12. _ n.柄；把手vt.处理 13. _ vt.怀疑

2、 n.嫌疑犯 14. _ n.挑战 vt.挑战 15. _ adj.熟练的 n.专家,expert,cure,handle,suspect,challenge,二、单词拓展 (A)单词派生,1. _ n. 科学 _ n. 科学家 _ adj. 科学的 2. _ vt. 分析 _ n. 分析,analysis,science,scientist,scientific,analyze,3. _ vt. 污染；弄脏 _ adj. 受污染的 _ n. 污染,pollute,polluted,pollution,4. _ vt. 命令；指示；教导 _ n. 指示；教导,instruct,instruct

3、ion,5. _ vt. 结束 _ n. 结束; 结论 6. _ n. 小心; 谨慎 _ adj. 小心的; 谨慎的,cautious,conclude,conclusion,caution,(B)灵活运用 1. He needed more _ (science) experiments to support his theory. 1. 形容词作定语。 2. She has come to the _ (conclude) that he does not love her at all. 2. 名词做宾语。,scientific,conclusion,3. He fell ill bec

4、ause of eating the _ (pollute) seafood. 3. 形容词作定语。 4. The _ (analyse) of the food showed the presence of food. 4. 名词做主语。 5. Follow the _ (instruct) when you operate the machine. 5. 名词做宾语。,polluted,analysis,instructions,1. _ 提出 2. _ 讲得通；有意义 3. _ 使显露；暴露 4. _ 将和联系起来,三、短语翻译,link .to .,put forward,make s

5、ense,expose .to,5. _ 除之外； 此外 6. _ 对严格 7. _得出结论 8. _导致；引起,lead to,apart from,(be) strict with,draw a conclusion,9. _ 失去控制 10. _受责备 11. _ 在建设中 12. _ 结束,come to an end,out of control,be to blame,be under construction,四、课文回顾 John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th century. 1_ famous w

6、as he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the 2_ (bear) of her babies. However, he decided to defeat cholera, a deadly disease at that time when he saw thousands of people 3_ (expose) to it died every time there was an outbreak.,So,birth,exposed,In 1854 when cholera broke out，he began to ga

7、ther information and marked on a map 4 _ all the dead people had lived. He found many people who had drunk 5_ dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He found a woman and 6 _ daughter who had the water delivered from the pump every day died of cholera a

8、fter drinking the water.,where,the,her,7_ this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was 8 _ (blame). He suggested the source of all water supplies 9_ (examine) and new methods of dealing 10_ water be found. Finally，“King Cholera” was defeated.,With,to blame,be examined,with,五、课

9、文概要 以约30个词概括课文内容要点。,John Snow, a famous doctor and expert, succeeded in defeating King Cholera in a scientific way. Cholera was a deadly disease and had attacked London twice in the 1850s.,1. cure vt. 治愈; 矫正n. 治愈; 疗法；措施 原句 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源, 也不了解它的治疗方法。(B5P2),

10、例句 Up till now, People have not found an effective cure for AIDS. 到目前为止, 人们还没有找到治疗艾滋病的有效的方法。,cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的(疾病、坏习惯等) a cure for . 治疗的方法/药物,运用 Her son was addicted to the computer games and she had to _ (使他改掉这个习惯). The government is finding a cure _ the severe pollution.,cure him of the habit

11、,for,原句 The second suggested that people absorb this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。(B5P2),2. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引(注意力),例句 Dark clothes absorbed light easily. 深色衣服容易吸收光线。 搭配 be absorbed in全神贯注于, 专心致志于,运用 完成下列句子。 当我进来时, 他正聚精会神地看小说。 When I entered, he _ _ a novel. 我们可

12、以从广泛的阅读中吸收许多有用的东西。 We can _ from extensive reading.,absorb a lot of useful things,3. be to blame (for sth.) (为某事)应受责备/承担责任 原句 It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。(B5P2),例句 Mr. Smith was to blame for the accident. 史密斯先生 要为事故负责。 搭配 blame sb. for sth.为某事责备某人,运用 完成下列句子或填入一个恰当的介词。 我不怪你, 我怪我自己

13、。 I do not blame you, but I_ _ ., 那次事故怪不得Tom, 毕竟他还是个孩子。 Little Tom was not_ for the accident. After all, he is only a child. His mother blamed him _ his dishonesty.,for,to blame,4. put forward 提出; 提前; 被提名 原句 Who put forward a theory about black holes? 谁提出关于黑洞的理论？(B5P1) 例句 He often puts forward some

14、useful advice. 他总能提出一些有用的建议。, We have to put the meeting forward by two weeks.(意思_ ) Dr. King put forward a suggestion that talented students should be placed in special classes. (意思_ ),运用 说出下列句中划线部分的意思。,将提前,提出建议, His name was put forward for the Chairman of the Students Union. (意思_),被推荐/提名,原句 Apart

15、 from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构, 你还学了下列词组。(B5P4) 例句 Apart from school work, I spend my spare time in singing and angling.,5. apart from 除了,用法 apart from是短语介词, 既相当于besides /in addition to /as well as, 又相当于except (for)。 运用 用besides，except，

16、except for替代apart from。 Apart from the cost, time should also be considered. ( _),Apart from=Besides (In addition to), Apart from a few mistakes, it is a good composition. ( _ ) Apart from the ending, its really a good film. (_ ),Apart from = Except (not including),Apart from =Except for,6. be stric

17、t with sb. (in sth.) (在某方面)对某人严格要求 原句 I need to be strict with 我需要对要求严格(B5P6) 例句 You must be strict with yourself in study.你在学习上要对自己严格。,运用 填入一个恰当的介词。 Our English teacher is very strict _ us _ our homework. My mother is not only strict _ her work but also strict _ me.,with,with,in,in,原句 A woman, who

18、had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位从宽街搬过来的妇女，她特别喜欢那里的水, 每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里。(B5P3),1. have sth. done 让某人干某事; 遭遇某事,例句 Youd better have the machine repaired tomorrow.你最好明天找人来修机器。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 明天我要去理发。 I will _. 爸爸几天前

19、去拔牙。 My father _a few days ago.,have my hair cut tomorrow,had his tooth pulled,原句 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上, 而行星则围绕着太阳转, 只有月球仍然绕着地球转。(B5P7),2. with+宾语+非谓语动词,例句 I cant fall a s

20、leep with the baby crying. 婴儿一直在哭, 我睡不着觉。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 鸟儿在鸣叫, 我们在森林里愉快地散步。 We walked happily in the forest _ _. 还有很多作业要做, 我今晚不能和你去 看电影了。 _, I cant go to see the movie with you tonight.,With a lot of homework to do,原句 To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all t

21、he water supplies be examined.为了阻止这样的事再发生, 约翰。斯诺建议所有的水源都要检查。,3. suggest (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人做某事,例句 The doctor suggested he have a good rest. 医生建议他要好好休息。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 他建议我们工作后要好好休息。 _ _ after work. 她建议你去那里之前先打个电话。 _ _ before you go round there.,She suggested (that) you (should) phone,He sugge

22、sted (that) we (should) have a good rest,4. Only if+从句，倒装 原句 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上, 天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。,例句 Only if you are in London can you realize its beauty.只有当你亲身来到伦敦, 你才能体会到它的美。 句型 Only 引导的介词短语或副词或状语从句放在句首时, 要倒装。,

23、仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 只有用这种方法你才能在这么短的时间内完成它。 Only in this way _ _. 只有当你用心学习时, 你才能取得大的进步。 Only when you put your heart into study _.,will you make great progress,原句 A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位妇女，她是从宽

24、街搬过来的，非常喜欢那里从水泵打上来的水，每天都要派人去那里运水到她家里来。(P2 B5),分析 本句主干是A woman liked the water；who引导的是一个_从句，补充说明A woman；句型so that中的that引导一个结果状语从句；在这个结果状语从句中又有一个句型have sth done，表示“_”。,请人做某事,非限制性定语,语 言 知 识 运 用,1. 西蒙的语文老师对西蒙要求很严格。 1. Simons language teacher is very strict with him. 2. 他经常提出问题让西蒙回答。 2. He often puts for

25、ward questions for Simon to answer.,3. 除此之外, 他还建议西蒙要从课文得出结论。 3. Apart from this, he suggests Simon draw conclusions from some texts. 4. 西蒙在阅读中吸收了很多的知识。 4. Simon absorbs a lot of knowledge from reading.,5. 西蒙让他的同学帮他修改作文, 并学习优秀作文。 Simon has his compositions checked by his classmates and learns from th

26、e good articles. 6. 每次西蒙想放弃的时候, 他总是鼓励他。 Every time Simon wants to give up, he always encourages him.,7.只有当他不放弃的时候, 他才能获得成功。 Only if he doesnt give up can he succeed. 8. 在老师的帮助下, 西蒙进步很快。 With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.,合并： Simons language teacher is very strict with him a

27、nd he often puts forward questions for Simon to answer. Apart from this, he suggests Simon draw conclusions from some texts and in this way, Simon absorbs great knowledge from reading.,In addition, Simon has his compositions checked and learns from the good articles. Every time Simon wants to give u

28、p, he always encourages him not to, because only in this way can he succeed. With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.,Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January, 1942 (300 years after the death of Galileo) in Oxford, England. When he was eight, his family moved 1_ St Albans, a town ab

29、out 20 miles north of London. 2 _ eleven Stephen went to St Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his fathers old college.,1. 表示到去。 2. 表示“在某人岁时”要用at。,At,to,Stephen wanted to do mathematics, 3 _ his father would have preferred medicine. Mathematics was not available at University

30、College, so he did Physics instead. After three years and not very much work he 4 _ (award) a first-class degree in 5 _ (nature) science.,3. 前后句意为让步关系。 4. 由句意可知用被动语态。 5. 名词作定语。,although/though,was awarded,natural,Stephen then went on to Cambridge 6 _ (do) research in cosmology(宇宙学), there being no o

31、ne working in that area in Oxford at the time. His supervisor was Denis Sciama, although he 7 _ (hope) to get Fred Hoyle who was working in Cambridge.,6. 不定式作状语, 表目的。 6. 根据句意要ongoing过去完成时态, 表示“原希望”。,to do,had hoped,Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws 8 _ govern the universe. With Roger Penr

32、ose 9 _ showed that Einsteins General Theory of Relativity would have a beginning in the Big Bang and 10 _ end in black holes.,8. 引导定语从句修饰前面的the basic laws。 9. 指Stephen Hawking。 10. 不定冠词的基本用法, 因为后面的名词以原因开头, 故填an。,an,he,which,二、阅读理解,A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous B. beneficial, tho

33、ugh their inventors are less famous C. not useful, because their inventors are less famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous,1. By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are _.,B 推理判断题。最后一段(尤其是第1句)给出了提示。虽然红绿灯、透视玻璃等(当然包括雨刮器)的发明

34、者没有电灯和电话的发明者那样出名，但它们都是很有用处的。,A. add colour and variety to students campus life B. inform students of the windshield wipers invention C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University D. prepare students to try their own invention,2. Professor Joan McLeans course aims to _.,D 细节理解题。 从第2段的When students learn the answers to these