高考完形填空模拟题

1、完形填空（一）Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously. But chemical knowledge is as _16_ as history, being almost entirely concerned with the practical arts of living. Cooking is essentially a chemica

2、l process; so is the _17_ of metals and the administration of drugs and poisons. This basic chemical knowledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb, was nevertheless dependent on the _18_ experiment. It also _19_ to stimulate a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New

3、 information was always being _20_ as artisans improved techniques to gain better results.The development of a scientific approach to chemistry was, _21_, hampered by several factors. The most serious problem was the vast range of material available and the consequent difficulty of organizing it int

4、o some system. _22_, there were social and intellectual _23_. Chemistry is nothing if not practical; those who practice it must use their hands and they must have a certain practical flair. Yet in many _24_ civilizations, _25_ tasks were primarily the province of a slave population. The thinker or p

5、hilosopher stood apart from this mundane world, where the practical arts appeared to _26_ intellectual content or interest.The final problem for early chemical science was the element of _27_. Experts in specific _28_ had developed their own techniques and guarded their knowledge to prevent others f

6、rom stealing their livelihood. Another factor that also _29_ to secrecy was the esoteric _30_ of the knowledge of alchemists, who _31_ to transform metals into gold or were _32_ with the hunt for the elixir that would bestow the blessing of eternal life. In one sense, the second of these was the mor

7、e serious impediment _33_the records of the chemical processes that early alchemists had _34_ were often written down in symbolic language intelligible to very few or in symbols that were _35_ obscure. 16. A. oldB. interestingC. instructiveD. mysterious 17. A. purchasingB. meltingC. sellingD. storin

8、g 18. A. seccessfulB. laterC. previousD. valid 19. A. servedB. intendedC. requestedD. decided 20. A. analyzedB. leakedC. gainedD. input 21. A. thereforeB. howeverC. insteadD. furthermore 22. A. CertainlyB. ConsequentlyC. OtherwiseD. Additionally 23. A. difficultiesB. advantagesC. standardsD. adjustm

9、ents 24. A. modernB. ancientC. religious D. short-lived 25. A. theoreticalB. demandingC. pleasantD. practical 26. A. revealB. lackC. includeD. reduce 27. A. secrecyB. freedomC. developmentD. popularity 28. A. statesB. communitiesC. citiesD. trades 29. A. objectedB. stuckC. contributedD. belonged 30.

10、 A. natureB. structureC. explanationD. usage 31. A. pretendedB. happenedC. triedD. pleaded 32. A. boredB. satisfiedC. pleasedD. concerned 33. A. thoughB. becauseC. untilD. unless 34. A. hatedB. ignoredC. discussedD. discovered 35. A. purposelyB. accidentallyC. hardlyD. occasionally完形填空（三）：16. A。考查形容

11、词辨析。 old 古老的，interesting 有趣的，instructive有益的、教育性的，mysterious神秘的。前面提到化学作为一门比较科学形成时间晚，是一门“年轻”的科学，由转折连词but可知，此处表达的意思为：化学知识却象人类历史一样古老。17. B。考查动词辨析。purchasing购买、采购，melting融化，selling贩卖，storing贮藏、储存。18. C。考查形容词辨析。seccessful成功的，later后来的、以后的，previous原先的、先前的，valid符合逻辑的、有效的。previous experiment（原先的实验）亦与a rule of

12、 thumb（经验工作法）有对应关系。19. A。考查动词辨析。本句意为：它同时也起到这一作用激发人们对化学本身的兴趣。served产生的效果，intended打算，requested要求，decided决定。20. C。考查动词辨析。本句意为：匠人们改良工艺以求得到更好结果的同时，他们也在获得新的信息。analyzed 分析，leaked泄漏、走漏，gained获得、得到，input输入。21. B。考查副词辨析。上文提到了人们增加了对化学的了解，此处讲的是化学科学方法的发展却受到一些因素的阻碍，二者是转折关系。22. D。考查副词辨析。关于化学科学方法的发展的阻碍因素，上文讲到的是讲物质系

13、统化的困难，接下来讲的是社会和知识方面的困难。additionally表示联加关系，意为“此外”，符合题意。23. A。考查名词辨析。difficulties 困难，advantages优势，standards标准，adjustments调整。此处的difficulties属于原词复现。24. B。考查形容词辨析。本句意为：但在许多古代文明中，动手的活都是奴隶的行当。modern现代的，ancient古代的、古老的，religious宗教的，short-lived短暂的。25. D。考查形容词辨析。theoretical理论上的，demanding要求高的、费力的，pleasant令人愉快的、

14、舒适的，practical实际的、实践性的。此处的practical属于原词复现。26. B。考查动词辨析。本句意为：思想家与哲学家与此劳碌决不沾边，因为在他们看来，实际操作技能看起来缺少智力含量和趣味。reveal显示、揭示，lack缺乏、缺少，include包含，reduce降低、减少。27. A。考查名词辨析。secrecy保密性、保密，freedom自由，development发展，popularity普及、流行。由下文的“guarded their knowledge”可知，“保密”妨碍早期化学的发展。28. D。考查名词辨析。本句意为：某个行家一旦发现了新技术，就竭力保密以防被人偷

15、了饭碗。states州、国家，communities社区，cities城市，trades行业，行当。29. C。考查动词辨析。objected to反对，stuck to坚持，contributed to有助于，促成，belonged to属于。30. A。考查名词辨析。本句意为：另一个原因加剧了知识封锁这是因为炼金术士知识的难懂性。nature本质、基本性质，structure结构，explanation解释，usage用法。31. C. 考查动词辨析。pretended假装，happened碰巧，tried试图，pleaded恳求。32. D。考查形容词辨析。本句意为：这些术士们要么想把金

16、属变成黄金，要么对找到一种长生不老药感兴趣。bored感到厌烦的，satisfied满意的，pleased高兴的，concerned关切的、感兴趣的。33. B。考查连词辨析。引导原因状语从句。34. D。考查动词辨析。hated讨厌，ignored忽视，discussed讨论，discovered发现。35. A。考查副词辨析。本句意为：从某种意义上说，这第二个因素带来了更严重的阻碍，因为早期术士们发现的化学过程（即研究成果）记载于鲜为人知的或故意让人不懂的符号中。purposely有意地，accidentally偶然地，hardly几乎不，occasionally不定期地、间或地。完形填空

17、（二）According to the best evidence gathered by space probes and astronomers, Mars is an inhospitable planet, more similar to Earths Moon than to Earth itself a dry, stark, seemingly lifeless world. Mars air pressure is _16_ to Earths at an altitude of 100,000 feet. The air there is 95% carbon dioxide

18、. Mars has no ozone layer to screen out the Suns lethal radiation. Daytime temperatures may reach above freezing, but _17_ the planet is blanketed by the mere wisp of an atmosphere, the heat radiates back into _18_. Today there is no liquid water, although valleys and channels on the surface _19_ ev

19、idence of having been carved by running water. The polar ice caps are made of _20_ water and carbon dioxide, and water may be frozen in the ground as permafrost. _21_ these difficult conditions, certain scientists still _22_ that there is a possibility of transforming Mars into a more Earth-like pla

20、net. Nuclear reactors might be used to melt frozen gases and _23_ build up the atmosphere. This in turn could _24_ a “greenhouse effect” that would stop heat from radiating back into space. Liquid water could be thawed to form a polar ocean. Once enough ice has _25_, suitable plants could be _26_ to

21、 build up the level of oxygen in the atmosphere so that, in time, the planet would _27_ animal life from Earth and even permanent human colonies. “This was once thought to be so far in the future as to be _28_,” said Christopher McKay, a research scientist at the National Aeronautics and Space Admin

22、istration. “But now it _29_ to look practical. We could begin work in four or five decades.” The idea of _30_ enthusiasts call “terra forming” Mars has its roots in the science fiction. But as _31_ develop a more profound understanding of how Earths ecology supports life, they have begun to see how

23、it may be possible to create _32_ conditions on Mars. Dont _33_ to settle down on Mars any time soon, though. The _34_ could take hundreds or even thousands of years, and the _35_ would be staggering for a large sum of money has been and will be spent. 16. A. kindB. harmfulC. equalD. subject 17. A.

24、thoughB. becauseC. ifD. when 18. A. dustB. groundC. earthD. space 19. A. showB. hideC. destroyD. doubt 20. A. drinkableB. boiledC. dirtyD. frozen 21. A. LikeB. AboutC. DespiteD. For 22. A. promiseB. denyC. believeD. declare 23. A. recentlyB. eventuallyC. surprisinglyD. hardly 24. A. preventB. dimini

25、shC. createD. experience 25. A. formedB. meltedC. appearedD. existed 26. A. discoveredB. wateredC. protectedD. introduced 27. A. supportB. threatenC. endangerD. reject 28. A. unsafeB. irreplaceableC. irrelevantD. invisible 29. A. choosesB. refusesC. startsD. demands 30. A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. w

26、hat 31. A. researchersB. professorsC. leadersD. aritists 32. A. extremeB. similarC. meaningfulD. different 33. A. forgetB. learnC. hesitateD. plan 34. A. recoveryB. flightC. processD. disappearance 35. A. costB. riskC. benefitD. profit完形填空（四）：16. C。考查形容词辨析。本句意为：火星的气压相当于地球上十万英尺高空处的气压。kind to对善良，harmf

27、ul to对有害，equal to与相等，subject to取决于，服从于。17. B。考查连词辨析。引导原因状语从句。18. D。考查名词辨析。本句意为：但因为包裹火星的大气层极为稀薄，热量又会辐射回外太空。dust尘埃、尘土，ground地面，earth地球，space外层空间、太空。19. A。考查动词辨析。本句意为：尽管火星上的山谷沟渠说明它曾经被流水蚀刻过，但如今那里已没有液态水了。show 显示、表明，hide 隐藏、隐瞒，destroy毁坏，doubt怀疑。20. D。考查形容词辨析。drinkable可饮用的，boiled沸腾过的，dirty脏的，frozen封冻的、结冰的。21. C。考查介词辨析。despite表示让步，意思是“尽管、虽然”。22. C。考查动词辨析。本句意为：尽管困难重重，某些科学家依然相信有可能把火星改造成类似地球的星球。promise许诺，deny否认，believe相信，declare宣布。23. B。考查副词辨析。本句意为：核反应可以用来融化冰冻的气体并且最终形成火星大气层。recently近来，近期，eventually最后、最终，surprisingly惊人地、出人意外地，hardly几乎不