外文翻译--机械系统设计.doc
INTRODUCTIONTherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,productfeaturesrequirementsofthegrowingnumberandcomplexityoftheincreaseinlifeexpectancyshortened,replacementfaster.However,thedesignoftheproducts,especiallymechanicalproductsinthedesignmeans,isunable,failedtokeeppacewiththeneedsofthetimes.Atpresent,computer-aidedproductdesigndrawings,design,manufacturing,productionplanninghasbeenarelativelyextensiveandin-depthstudyandachievedinitialresults,andproductdevelopmentprogrammesoftheearlycomputer-aideddesignisfarfrommeetinganeed.Tothisend,theauthorreadalotofliteratureonthebasisofasummaryofthedesignandscholarsathomeandabroadtodesignthemethodused,anddiscussedthevariousmethodsoforganiclinkbetweenproductdesignandmechanicalComputertrendofdevelopment.Underthecurrentdomesticandforeignscholarstodesignmachinerydesignmethodsusedbythemainfeaturesoftheprogrammecanbesummedupmoderndesignforthefollowingfourmajortypes.1,systematicdesignmethodSystematicdesignofthemainfeaturesare:designasfromanumberofdesignelementsofasystem,everydesignelementofindependence,therearevariouselementsoftheorganiclinksandalevelofallthedesignelementsCombined,youcandesignsystemstoachievethetask.Systematicdesignideainthe1970sbytheGermanscholarProfessorPahlandBeitz,asystembasedonthetheory,developedadesignofthegeneralpattern,andadvocateofthedesignworkshouldberational.GermanEngineersAssociationinthisonthebasisofdesign,developstandardsVDI2221"technologysystemsandproductdevelopmentdesignmethods.Thedevelopmentoftheproductdesignprocessofmechanicalmodel,basicallyfollowtheGermanstandardsVDI2221thedesign.Inaddition,manyofourproductdesignandscholarsintheprogrammedesignandalsolearnfromotherdevelopedcountriescitedthesystematicdesign,whichisrepresentative:(1)Theuserneedsastheproductconceptoffunctionalcharacteristics,structuraldesignandpartdesign,processplanning,operationscontrol,andsoonthebasisoftheproductdevelopmentprocessofthemacro,theuseofQualityFunctionlayoutmethods,systemsandinformationneedsofuserswillbereasonableandeffectiveAndconvertedtothevariousstagesofproductdevelopmentobjectivesandoperationscontroltechnologymeansapointoforder.(2)productsasorganismsontheleveloflife,andlifesystemsthroughtheuseoftheproductdesignprocesscandemandlevelofsuccessandrealizetheconceptoffunctionalrequirementsofthespecificlevelsandproductdesignlevel.Atthesametimeusingthesystemiconstolifetheabstractexpressionofthefunctionalrequirementsofproducts,productfeaturesasystemstructure.(3)themechanicaldesignsystemintheapplicationofscienceintotwobasicquestions:First,todesignproductsasasystemtoprocess,todeterminethebestofitscomponents(modules)andtheirmutualrelationsandtheotheristheproductdesignProcessasasystem,accordingtothedesignobjectives,correctandreasonabletodeterminethedesignofallaspectsoftheworkandthevariousdesignstage.Aseachdesignertostudyissuesandtoconsidertheperspectiveofthedifferentemphases,todesignaprogrammeofspecificresearchmethodsalsodiffer.Herearesomerepresentativeofthesystematicdesignmethods.1.1designelementsofWithfivedesignelements(functions,effects,effectsofvector,shapeandsurfaceelementsparameters)described"productsolution"thataproductdesignelementsofthefiveidentified,allthecharacteristicsofproductsandvaluecharacteristicsalreadyidentified.Chinesescholarshavealsoadoptedsimilardesignmethodsdescribedproductoftheoriginalunderstanding.1.2graphicalmodelinglawDevelopmentofthedesignanalysisandguidancesystems"KALEIT,withaclearlevelofthegraphicdescriptionoftheproductstructureandfunctionsrelatedtotheabstractinformation,andthesystemstructureandfunctionofthegraphicalmodeling,andthefunctionoftheconnectionbetween.Willbeassisteddesigndividedintotwomethodsandinformationexchange,theuseofNijsseninformationanalysismethodscanbeusedgraphicsymbols,withavarietyofsemanticmodelstructure,theintegrationcanbedescribedconditionscanbedividedintobindingtype,canrelationsbetweenanycombinationoffeatures,Willdesignsolutionsandinformationtechnologyintegration,thedesignprocesstoachieveadifferentlevelofabstractionofinformationbetweenthegraphicalmodeling.Theliterature11semanticnetworkdesignasadesigntoolinthedevelopmentofthesemanticnetworkdesignASK,usingnodesandanetworkoflinesdescribingthedesign,componentsofthenodethattheunitdesigntasks,functions,componentsorprocessingEquipment,etc.),andlinesusedtoadjustthedefinitionnodebetweendifferentsemanticrelations,whichinthedesignprocessforalltheactivitiesandresultsofpre-builtmodel,theearlydesignrequirementstothedefinitionofaspecificstructurecanbedescribedbytherelationshipbetweenThedefinitionoftheexpression,andacomputer-aideddesignprocessfromabstracttoconcreteleap.1.3"idea"-"design"lawWillbedividedintoproductdesign"concept"and"design"intwostages."Idea"phaseofthemissionistoseek,selectanddesignportfoliotomeettherequirementsoftheoriginalunderstandingoftasks."Design"stageofworkistheconcreterealizationoftheoriginalunderstandingoftheconceptualstage.Theprogrammewillbe"ideas"forthespecificdescription:Accordingtoasuitablefunctionalstructure,designedtomeettherequirementsofthemandateoftheoriginalunderstanding.Functionalstructureofthesub-functionby"structuralelements"toachieve,and"structuralelements"ofthephysicalconnectionbetweenthedefinitionof"functionalcarrier","functionalcarrier"and"structuralelements"andformationoftheinteractionbetweenthefunctionaldiagram(Mechanicalmovementdiagram).Programmeof"design"isbasedonfunctionaldiagram,thefirstqualitativedescriptionofallthe"functionalcarrier"and"structuralelements",thenallthequantitativedescriptionof"structuralelements"andconnectingpieces("functionalvector")theshapeandlocationhaveThestructureof.Roper,H.useofgraphtheorytheory,thehelpfromhisdefinitionof"totaldesignunit(GE)","structureelements(KE)","functionalstructureelements(FKE)","connectingstructureelements(VKE)","Structuralparts(KT)","structuralelementsparts(KET)"concept,anddescribeselementsofsize,locationandtransmissionparametersoftherelationshipbetweenthenumberofthumbs,thedesignintuitivedesignexpertsdesign"stage.Fromthedesignmethodologyofthepointofview,thedesigntaskwillbeclearafterthedesignworkisdividedintothreesteps:1)accesstofunctionsandfunctionalstructure(referredtoas"functional"),2)findeffects(referredtoasthe"effect");)Tofindstructure(referredtoas"theconfigurationoftheRules").Andusethefollowingfourstrategiesdescribedmachineryideastageoftheprocess:Strategy1:wereconsidered"functional"and"effect"and"configurationrules."Therefore,wecanworkinvariousstepstocreatevariationsintherespectiveprogrammes,resultingintheoriginalunderstandingofthebroadspectrum.Strategy2:"effect"and"configurationrules"(includingthedesignertocreatetherules)association,toconsideraseparatefunction(usuallyassociatedwiththedesigntask).Atthispoint,toidentifythetypicalconfigurationrulesandtheireffectsneedtohaveawealthofexperience,theprogrammespectrumfarlessthanastrategyoftheprogrammespectrum.Strategy3:"functional"and"effect","configurationrules"arecloselyrelated.Applicabletothefunction,andtheconfigurationoftherulesofnochoice,withspecialrequirementsoftheareas,suchasultra-smallmachinery,largemachinery,high-valuefunctionparts,andthosewithspecialrequirementsofthefunctionalcomponents,andsoon.Strategy4:Inviewofthestructuraldesignrequirementsofthesolution.Thestrategystartingfromtheexistingparts,throughdifferentpartsoftheorderandconnection,wasexpectedtofunction.1.4MatrixDesignIntheprogrammedesignprocessusedin"requirement-to"logictree("or"tree)describedrequirements,therelationshipbetweenthefunction,tosatisfytherequirementsoffunctionaldesignsolutionset,adifferentdesign.Accordingto"request-to"logictreeestablishmentofa"request-to"associationmatrix,meettherequirementsnecessarytodescribethecomplexrelationshipbetweenfunction,expressedfunctionalrequirementsandtherelationshipbetweentheone-to-one.otaetalwillmatrixasamechanicalsystemdesignbasis,themechanicalsystemdesignspaceasafunctionaldecompositionofspace,onlythateachsub-spacedesignofamodule,intheabstractphaseofthehigh-level,witheachmoduledesignmovementconversionmatrixAndavectorfortheoperationofrestraintthatintheabstractphaseofthelow-rise,eachmoduledesignparameterswereexpressedasamatrixandtheequationofmotion.1.5bondgraphLawWillformasystemcomponentsintothefunctiontogenerateenergy,energyconsumption,changingenergyforms,suchasvarioustypesofenergytransmissionanduseofbondgraphofthefunctionofthecomponentsthatwillbebasedonthefunctionsofthemodelandbondingwithplanstoachievefunctionalTheautomaticgenerationofstructuralandfunctionalstructureandbondingbetweentheautomaticconversionplanstoseekbondgraphgeneratedbyanumberofdesignmethods.2,modulardesignstructureFromtheperspectiveofplanningproducts:thedefinitionofitsmandatetodesignfeaturesoftheproductstructureisbasedontheuseofexistingproducts(such