外文翻译--机械系统设计.doc

INTRODUCTIONTherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,productfeaturesrequirementsofthegrowingnumberandcomplexityoftheincreaseinlifeexpectancyshortened,replacementfaster.However,thedesignoftheproducts,especiallymechanicalproductsinthedesignmeans,isunable,failedtokeeppacewiththeneedsofthetimes.Atpresent,computer-aidedproductdesigndrawings,design,manufacturing,productionplanninghasbeenarelativelyextensiveandin-depthstudyandachievedinitialresults,andproductdevelopmentprogrammesoftheearlycomputer-aideddesignisfarfrommeetinganeed.Tothisend,theauthorreadalotofliteratureonthebasisofasummaryofthedesignandscholarsathomeandabroadtodesignthemethodused,anddiscussedthevariousmethodsoforganiclinkbetweenproductdesignandmechanicalComputertrendofdevelopment.Underthecurrentdomesticandforeignscholarstodesignmachinerydesignmethodsusedbythemainfeaturesoftheprogrammecanbesummedupmoderndesignforthefollowingfourmajortypes.1,systematicdesignmethodSystematicdesignofthemainfeaturesare:designasfromanumberofdesignelementsofasystem,everydesignelementofindependence,therearevariouselementsoftheorganiclinksandalevelofallthedesignelementsCombined,youcandesignsystemstoachievethetask.Systematicdesignideainthe1970sbytheGermanscholarProfessorPahlandBeitz,asystembasedonthetheory,developedadesignofthegeneralpattern,andadvocateofthedesignworkshouldberational.GermanEngineersAssociationinthisonthebasisofdesign,developstandardsVDI2221technologysystemsandproductdevelopmentdesignmethods.Thedevelopmentoftheproductdesignprocessofmechanicalmodel,basicallyfollowtheGermanstandardsVDI2221thedesign.Inaddition,manyofourproductdesignandscholarsintheprogrammedesignandalsolearnfromotherdevelopedcountriescitedthesystematicdesign,whichisrepresentative:(1)Theuserneedsastheproductconceptoffunctionalcharacteristics,structuraldesignandpartdesign,processplanning,operationscontrol,andsoonthebasisoftheproductdevelopmentprocessofthemacro,theuseofQualityFunctionlayoutmethods,systemsandinformationneedsofuserswillbereasonableandeffectiveAndconvertedtothevariousstagesofproductdevelopmentobjectivesandoperationscontroltechnologymeansapointoforder.(2)productsasorganismsontheleveloflife,andlifesystemsthroughtheuseoftheproductdesignprocesscandemandlevelofsuccessandrealizetheconceptoffunctionalrequirementsofthespecificlevelsandproductdesignlevel.Atthesametimeusingthesystemiconstolifetheabstractexpressionofthefunctionalrequirementsofproducts,productfeaturesasystemstructure.(3)themechanicaldesignsystemintheapplicationofscienceintotwobasicquestions:First,todesignproductsasasystemtoprocess,todeterminethebestofitscomponents(modules)andtheirmutualrelationsandtheotheristheproductdesignProcessasasystem,accordingtothedesignobjectives,correctandreasonabletodeterminethedesignofallaspectsoftheworkandthevariousdesignstage.Aseachdesignertostudyissuesandtoconsidertheperspectiveofthedifferentemphases,todesignaprogrammeofspecificresearchmethodsalsodiffer.Herearesomerepresentativeofthesystematicdesignmethods.1.1designelementsofWithfivedesignelements(functions,effects,effectsofvector,shapeandsurfaceelementsparameters)describedproductsolutionthataproductdesignelementsofthefiveidentified,allthecharacteristicsofproductsandvaluecharacteristicsalreadyidentified.Chinesescholarshavealsoadoptedsimilardesignmethodsdescribedproductoftheoriginalunderstanding.1.2graphicalmodelinglawDevelopmentofthedesignanalysisandguidancesystemsKALEIT,withaclearlevelofthegraphicdescriptionoftheproductstructureandfunctionsrelatedtotheabstractinformation,andthesystemstructureandfunctionofthegraphicalmodeling,andthefunctionoftheconnectionbetween.Willbeassisteddesigndividedintotwomethodsandinformationexchange,theuseofNijsseninformationanalysismethodscanbeusedgraphicsymbols,withavarietyofsemanticmodelstructure,theintegrationcanbedescribedconditionscanbedividedintobindingtype,canrelationsbetweenanycombinationoffeatures,Willdesignsolutionsandinformationtechnologyintegration,thedesignprocesstoachieveadifferentlevelofabstractionofinformationbetweenthegraphicalmodeling.Theliterature11semanticnetworkdesignasadesigntoolinthedevelopmentofthesemanticnetworkdesignASK,usingnodesandanetworkoflinesdescribingthedesign,componentsofthenodethattheunitdesigntasks,functions,componentsorprocessingEquipment,etc.),andlinesusedtoadjustthedefinitionnodebetweendifferentsemanticrelations,whichinthedesignprocessforalltheactivitiesandresultsofpre-builtmodel,theearlydesignrequirementstothedefinitionofaspecificstructurecanbedescribedbytherelationshipbetweenThedefinitionoftheexpression,andacomputer-aideddesignprocessfromabstracttoconcreteleap.1.3idea-designlawWillbedividedintoproductdesignconceptanddesignintwostages.Ideaphaseofthemissionistoseek,selectanddesignportfoliotomeettherequirementsoftheoriginalunderstandingoftasks.Designstageofworkistheconcreterealizationoftheoriginalunderstandingoftheconceptualstage.Theprogrammewillbeideasforthespecificdescription:Accordingtoasuitablefunctionalstructure,designedtomeettherequirementsofthemandateoftheoriginalunderstanding.Functionalstructureofthesub-functionbystructuralelementstoachieve,andstructuralelementsofthephysicalconnectionbetweenthedefinitionoffunctionalcarrier,functionalcarrierandstructuralelementsandformationoftheinteractionbetweenthefunctionaldiagram(Mechanicalmovementdiagram).Programmeofdesignisbasedonfunctionaldiagram,thefirstqualitativedescriptionofallthefunctionalcarrierandstructuralelements,thenallthequantitativedescriptionofstructuralelementsandconnectingpieces(functionalvector)theshapeandlocationhaveThestructureof.Roper,H.useofgraphtheorytheory,thehelpfromhisdefinitionoftotaldesignunit(GE),structureelements(KE),functionalstructureelements(FKE),connectingstructureelements(VKE),Structuralparts(KT),structuralelementsparts(KET)concept,anddescribeselementsofsize,locationandtransmissionparametersoftherelationshipbetweenthenumberofthumbs,thedesignintuitivedesignexpertsdesignstage.Fromthedesignmethodologyofthepointofview,thedesigntaskwillbeclearafterthedesignworkisdividedintothreesteps:1)accesstofunctionsandfunctionalstructure(referredtoasfunctional),2)findeffects(referredtoastheeffect)；)Tofindstructure(referredtoastheconfigurationoftheRules).Andusethefollowingfourstrategiesdescribedmachineryideastageoftheprocess:Strategy1:wereconsideredfunctionalandeffectandconfigurationrules.Therefore,wecanworkinvariousstepstocreatevariationsintherespectiveprogrammes,resultingintheoriginalunderstandingofthebroadspectrum.Strategy2:effectandconfigurationrules(includingthedesignertocreatetherules)association,toconsideraseparatefunction(usuallyassociatedwiththedesigntask).Atthispoint,toidentifythetypicalconfigurationrulesandtheireffectsneedtohaveawealthofexperience,theprogrammespectrumfarlessthanastrategyoftheprogrammespectrum.Strategy3:functionalandeffect,configurationrulesarecloselyrelated.Applicabletothefunction,andtheconfigurationoftherulesofnochoice,withspecialrequirementsoftheareas,suchasultra-smallmachinery,largemachinery,high-valuefunctionparts,andthosewithspecialrequirementsofthefunctionalcomponents,andsoon.Strategy4:Inviewofthestructuraldesignrequirementsofthesolution.Thestrategystartingfromtheexistingparts,throughdifferentpartsoftheorderandconnection,wasexpectedtofunction.1.4MatrixDesignIntheprogrammedesignprocessusedinrequirement-tologictree(ortree)describedrequirements,therelationshipbetweenthefunction,tosatisfytherequirementsoffunctionaldesignsolutionset,adifferentdesign.Accordingtorequest-tologictreeestablishmentofarequest-toassociationmatrix,meettherequirementsnecessarytodescribethecomplexrelationshipbetweenfunction,expressedfunctionalrequirementsandtherelationshipbetweentheone-to-one.otaetalwillmatrixasamechanicalsystemdesignbasis,themechanicalsystemdesignspaceasafunctionalde