小学时态用法及专项练习.doc

小学英语时态讲解与训练 第一讲： 一般现在时一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态，常见的时间状语有：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every，on Sunday等等。如： I usually get up at six.二. 构成及变化1.be动词的变化。肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?be动词的用法：记忆口诀：I 用am ， you 用are，is跟着he、she、it，单数is，复数are，牢牢记住，别用差。2. 行为动词的变化。l、当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?如： Do you often play basketball after school ? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？如： What do you often do after school ?、当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。如：Does he swim well ?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句？如： How does your father go to work?三第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式）(1) 多数动词直接加s:runsgetslikescollectstakesplaysclimbs.(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :watchesteachesgoesdoeswashescrossesmixesbrushes （3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries（二）课堂练习：1、用am，is或are填空：1) Where _ you? I _ here.2) Where _ it? It _ here.3) _ you Lucy King?4) My name _ Kate.5) How _ Lily? She _ fine.6) _ you Li Lei? No, I _ Lin Tao.7) This _ Jim and this _ Sam.8) Where _ Jim and Sam? They _ over there.9) What _ it? It _ a book.10) What _ his name? His name _ Ling Feng.【同步练习】一般现在时：一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) members of the Reading Club.3. She and I （take）a walk together every evening.4. There (be) some water in the bottle.5. We (not watch) TV on weekdays.6. Nick (not do) his homework on Sundays.7. they (like) the World Cup?8. What they usually (do) on holidays?9. your parents (read) newspapers every day?10. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.二、按要求改写句子。1. Daniel watches TV every evening. (改为否定句) Daniel TV every evening.2. I do my homework every day. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) you homework every day？No, I .3. She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） she milk? Yes, she .4. Simon is from Beijing.(同义句改写)Simon Beijing.5. Millie is clever at Maths. (同义句改写)Millie Maths.三、单项选择。( ) 1. you have a book? A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have( ) 2. They on a farm. A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked( ) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV? .A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesnt C. Yes, hed like D. No, he likes( ) 4. She doesnt her homework in the afternoon. A. doing B. to do C. does D. do( ) 5. How Mr. Brown to America? A. do, go B. is, go C. does, go D. does, goes( ) 6. Wheres my camera? I it.A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. cant find D. cant look at( ) 7. How he go to work? He to work by bike. A. does, go B. do, goes C. do, go D. does, goes( ) 8. you usually late for school? No, . A. Do, I am B. Does, not C. Are, Im not D. Are, I arent( ) 9. she home at six every day? A. Is, leave B. Does, leave C. Is, leaves D. Does, left( ) 10. Mr. Yang English this term. A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our 第二讲： 一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：主语+be going to + 动词原形+其他；主语+will+动词原形+其他三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go fishing this weekend. Are you going to go fishing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon?2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?3. 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?7. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 8. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _(watch) 第三讲： 一般过去时一、概念：表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterday morning/ evening，the day before yesterday（前天），last night/week/ month/year，just now（刚才），two days ago，a week ago，in 1990等。如：I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡觉。二、动词一般过去时变化规则1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked, play- played2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped，plan-planned, prefer-preferred4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5小学阶段不规则动词一般过去时：am/iswas arewere have/hashad dodidsingsang sitsat givegave runran comecame eatatetaketook writewrote ride rode drivedrove speakspoke getgotgowent makemade knowknew seesaw teachtaught buybought readread putput hurthurt cutcut fallfell saysaid三、句式变化(1) Be动词在一般过去时中的变化 am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。(2)句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子Jim does homework every day. Jim did homework yesterday.否定句： Jim did homework yesterday.Jim didnt do homework yesterday. (didnt +动词原形)一般疑问句： Jim did homework yesterday.Did Jim do homework yesterday? (在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形)特殊疑问句： Jim did homework yesterday.Did Jim do homework yesterday?What did Jim do yesterday? (疑问词+一般疑问句？)一般过去式练习题：一、写出下列动词的过去式或动词原形。1. go_ 2. is_ 3.buy_ 4.swim_5. have _ 6. watched _ 7. ate_ 8. got_ 9. lived _ 10. saw _ 11. spend _ 12. talk _13. do _ 14. teach _ 15. win _ 16. like _ 17.write _ 18.cry _ 19.study _ 20.ask _二、 用单词的适当形式填空。1. _ you _(water) the flowers yesterday.2. Su Hai _(go) for a walk last Sunday. 3. Mike didnt _(finish) his homework yesterday.4. I _ (pick) apples on the tree last month.5. I _(is) ten years old last year. 6. There _(are) five books on the desk a moment ago. 7. They _(sweep) the floor just now. 8. I _ (meet) Miss White the day before yesterday.9. I _ (wash) clothes last weekend. 10. What did you you do on your holiday? I _ (go) swimming. 三、 选择正确的答案。1. I _ presents for my parents yesterday. A. buyed B. bought C. buying 2. Susan _ swimming yesterday. A. go B. goes C. went 3. Danny _ breakfast five times last week. A. eat B. ate C. eated 4. Last Sunday_ Tree Planting Day. A. is B. were C. was 5. I _ a lot from our textbook. A. learned B. learnes C. learning 6. We _ to the zoo and _ a lot of animals yesterday. A. go; see B. went; saw C. goes; sees 7. What did you do last weekend ? -I _ A. read a book B. wash the clothes C. go fishing 8. What did you do on your holiday? I _A. bought a present B. go skiing C. learn English 9. What did he _ yesterday? He _ his homework. A. did; did B. do; did C. do; do 10. Yesterday my presents and I _ our house. A. were cleaning B. cleaned C. are going to clean 11. What _ to trees in the different season?A. happen B. happens C. happened 12. Last summer. I _ in the lake and played on the beach. A. swim B. swam C. will swim 13. Did you eat good food in China? _. A. Yes, I do B. No, I didnt C. No, I did 14. We played basketball _. A. sometimes B. on Saturdays C. last Saturday 第四讲：现在进行时1. 用法：现在正在进行或发生的动作例：I am reading an English book now. 我现在正在读一本英语书。当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作例：They are living in Beijing these days. 他们这些天一直住在北京。2. 与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：now，these days，Look!，Listen!，It isseven oclock.等的提示3. 现在进行时的构成：be +现在分词4.）现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。 （1）肯定式：bev-ing She is singing in the next room. （2）否定式：benotv-ing The students arent cleaning the room. （3）一般问句：be动词提前。 肯定答语Yes，主语be，否定答语No，主语be not。 Are you playing the computer game?Yes, I am. /No, I am not. 4）特殊问句：对谓语动词进行提问的：Whatbe 主语doing其他？ What is the old man doing under the tree? 对其他成份进行提问的，疑问词一般疑问句？ Where is the boy swimming? Who is she waiting for? 5. 动词现在分词的构成一般在动词尾加ing例：play playing以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing例：make making以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这一辅音字母，再加ing例：put putting特殊的有 be being lielying tie tying die dying babysit babysitting hiccup hiccupping6. 有些动词的现在进行时表示将要发生，常见的有go, come, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, do例：I am coming. 我马上就来（将会来）He is leaving Wuhan for Beijing. 他将离开武汉去北京（将离开）What is Jim doing on vacation? 吉姆度假打算做什么？（将做什么）巩固练习：一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Wheres our teacher? -He _ (watch) a football match on the playground（操场） now.2.Dont make any noise. Jim _ (sleep)3.They _ (be) in the room now.4.How cold it is! Its _ (snow) heavily.5.Listen! Peter and Becky _ (talk) about the weather.6.Be quiet! My teacher is _ (say) something.7.Its 8 oclock. They _ (have) an English class.8.Hurry up! Your mother _ (wait) for you downstairs. (在楼下）9.Where are the twins? -They _(play) football at school.10.Mr. Jones cant come. He _(have) a meeting.11.Look! They _ (run) along the street.12.We _ (practise) hard these days because we will have a big match next month.13._you _ (study) English? -Yes, I am.二、改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正1.Is he reading newspapers every day?2.Are they planting trees over there? -No, they dont.3.John from Class 2 is runing past Helen.4.Look! The students flying a kite.5.They are watch TV in the room now.三、写出下列动词的现在分词sing _work