2017年中考英语作文专题复习.doc

2017年中考英语作文专题复习书面表达(结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点！)结构：中考最流行的结构就是三段式，深受各地区中考英语写作阅卷老师的喜爱。为什么呢？因为这种结构十分清晰。“观点要点总结”让人一目了然。三段式的第一段：简单明了，开门见山，不超过2句话，如，我们想表达小强很强壮，第一段直接说 XQ is extremely strong. 观点明确，这一句足矣。第二段：分2-3点说为什么他强壮。1. 每天吃10顿饭，He has ten meals everyday! 详举吃的是什么。2. 每天运动2小时，He does exercise 2 hours a day! 详举做了什么运动。第三段：经过第二段的论证，可以得出结论。但请注意，不能完全照抄第一段，要有升华。也可以提出希望和建议等。如，How strong and robust XQ is! I hope to be him one day!要点：实际上中考英语写作就等于两个字，翻译！因为中考英语写作一般会给出几个要点，要求必须在文章中有所体现。文章写的再好，只要缺少要点就会扣分。所以要点，也就是文章的第二段内容，要做到全，围绕中心。逻辑：这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑词。最常用的就是表示递进的，转折的，总结的逻辑词等。递进：除了first, second, third, finally 等还可以使用高级点的，如first of all(首先)，in addition, whats more, moreover(都是另外的意思)，in a word, all in all（表示总结的）。转折：but, yet, however等。真正有经验的阅卷老师会很注意这些逻辑连接词，因为这些词体现了这个文章的思路。语法：其他几点都不是硬性的要求，不那样做不能说是错，只能说是不好，但是语法却是硬性的。如，单词的使用，时态等。亮点：当我们将前八个字都做得很完美的时候也只能得到一个二等文的上。要想得到一等文，最后两个字，亮点至关重要。大家设想如果我们是阅卷老师。有两篇写人美丽的作文摆在我们面前，都是结构清晰的三段式，要点都很全，都用了一些逻辑词，都没有语法错误，但是A篇只用了beautiful,good- looking,B篇却用到了attractive，charming，catching等，坚信正常人都会给B篇高分的。这些高级一点的词汇，词组，句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。所以，以后写英语作文要养成一般词汇限量用的好习惯。只要把这十个字都搞定了，那么初中英语写作就一定能搞定！写作步骤1 审题：审清作文体裁（类型）时态、人称、要点等细节；2 列提纲（文章结构框架）：分3段（层），以及每段（层）大体内容；3 写作：在提纲的基础上补充要点；4 复查：2遍1遍看查要点、拼写、语法、标点等问题；2遍不出声读查，靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等；英语写作检查的原则：5 誊抄：不允许做任何的更改。*总之做到三审：体裁、时态和人称、要点；三思：词汇短语句式；三查：要点、拼写和语法、连贯。标点符号特别注意汉英的不同，例如：汉语 英语A. 句号 。 .B. 省略号 C. 顿号 、 无结构文章分3段（层）：（1）综述：概括性强，最多2句话引入主题；（2）正文主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3个方面，每个方面最多2句话；（3）结尾：紧扣主题，2句话内结束，尽量升华。逻辑1)表层次:1first, second, third, last 2firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally 3the first, the second, the third, the last 4in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly 5 to begin with, then, furthermore, finally 6to start with, next, in addition, finally 7first and foremost, besides, last but not least 8most important of all, moreover, finally 9on the one hand, on the other hand 10for one thing, for another thing2)表转折；but, however, yet, though, although, after all, in spite of，3)因果 because, so, because of, thanks to, due to,since, owing to, as a result(of), hence, thus4)例证 for example, for instance, such as5)表示强调: also, besides, especially, actually, in fact6)表示利弊的：be good/bad for sb.; be harmful to sb.; do harm to sb.; have great/much influence on sb.; sth. benefit sb.; sb benefit from sth.; have an effect on sb.;表示喜爱的：love/like/enjoy; be fond of; be interested in; show great interest in;7)总结 As I see, As for me，As we all know,To my mind, as far as Im concerned, from my perspective, in general, generally speaking, I think., in fact , in a word, all in all, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summary, to sum up,句型一（1）简单句1. 主系表 I am a middle school student. He is fourteen.2. 主谓 I ran fast.3. 主谓宾 We will have dinner together.4. 主谓宾宾补 (主谓+固定搭配) We keep our classroom clean and tidy.（2）简单句+状语短语1. 时间状语 I am a middle school student now. He is fourteen this year.2. 地点状语 We will have dinner together at home.（3）简单句（主句）+状语短语1. 时间状语从句 My parents helped me a lot when I was in trouble.2. 条件状语从句 If you have any questions, please write to me.3. 原因状语从句 I like English best because it is interesting and fun.（4）主句+宾语从句我认为（我想、我希望） I think he is helpful and great.I believe you will love this city. I hope I can be a volunteer some day.（5）使用定语从句我喜欢可以跟着跳舞的音乐。 I love music I can dance to.父母是我最爱的人。My parents are the people who I love most.（6）简单句+连词+简单句1. 并列连接 I am a middle school student and I study in No. 1 Middle School.2. 转折连接 I work hard at English but my English is not good enough.3. 因果连接 He is good at English so I often ask him for help.二1. I am of the opinion that=My point of view is that=I think=I hold the idea that=as far as Im concerned=To my mind=in my opinion 2.Among various kinds of +复数名词在各种.中，Among various kinds of sports, I like sth in particular. 3 as the saying goes,/as the proverb goes/as the proverb puts it 4 Its said/reported/believed that 5 Its our duty to do sth 6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 7 concentrate on sth 8 be busy doing sth. 9 be supposed to do sth=should do sth 10Every coin has two sides. Computer has both advantages and disadvantages No pains, no gains. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. Failure is the mother of success. Think twice before you do. Where there is a will, there is a way. Do as the Romans do. The early bird catches the worm. An apple a day keeps the doctors away. All roads lead to Rome. Practice makes perfect. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事，今日毕。Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。11.be glad to do sth 12buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth. 13 there be 句型 14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on doing sth. 15 find it + adj to do sth. 16 get + 比较级 17 dont do sth=stay away from sth 18 had better (not) do sth. 19 help sb. (to) do/help sb.with 20 I dont think that 21 I would like to /Would you like to? 22 is one of the + 最高级 + n(pl.) 23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth. (important/ essential/ necessary/ urgent/ proper)24 It is a good idea to do sth. 25宾语从句、定语从句、感叹句型 26 不用说 It goes without saying that = （It is） needless to say （that） = It is obvious that 27 It seems that 28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj. 29 It takes sb some time. to do sth. 30 Its bad/good for 31 Its time for/to do sth. 32 Can you give me some advice on. 33 keep sb. doing 34 keep/make sth. +adj. 35 like to do / like doing 36 make / let sb.(not) do sth. 37 neithernor 38 notat all 39 notuntil 40 Onethe other/Some others 41 preferto/prefer to.rather than.42 see/hear sb. do(doing) sth. 43 sothat 44 have fun doing sth48 thank sb for sth. 49 The morethe better 50 There is sth. wrong with 51 tooto 52 used to 53 What about /How about? 54 Whats the matter with? 55 Whats wrong? 56 Why not? 57 Will (would, could) you please?58.How nice to hear from you again./Let me tell you something about the activity./Im glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th./Im pleased to hear that youre coming to China for a visit./Im writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.59.Im looking forward to hearing from you. / Im looking forward to your reply.亮点一、the + est + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc) the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen。海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。二、Nothing is + er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education。没有比接受教育更重要的事。三、cannot emphasize the importance of too much (再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much。我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。四、There is no denying that + S + V .。(不可否认的)例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse。不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子 (全世界都知道)It is well-known + 句子 (全世界都知道)例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us。全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。六、There is no doubt that + 句子 (毫无疑问的)例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired。毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。七、An advantage of is that + 句子(的优点是)例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (produce) any pollution。使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。八、The reason why + 句子is that + 句子(的原因是)例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air。我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此以致于)例句：So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it。时间是如此珍贵，它经不起我们浪费。十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V (虽然)例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory。by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。十一、The + er + S + V, the + er + S + VThe + more + Adj + S + V, the + more + Adj + S + V (愈愈)例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make。十二、By +Ving, can (借着，能够)例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy。 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 十三、enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (使能够)例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。十四、On no account can we + V (我们绝对不能)例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge。我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是的时候了)例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems。该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。十六、Those who (的人)例句：Those who break the law should be punished。违法的人应该受处罚。十七、There is no one but (没有人不)例句：There is no one but longs to go to college。没有人不渴望上大学。十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不)例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports。由于考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的) It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。二十、That is the reason why (那就是的原因)例句：Summer is hot.That is the reason why I dont like it。夏天很炎热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式。(过去年来，一直)例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination。过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard。自从他上高中，他一直很用功。二十三、It pays to + V (是值得的。)例句：It pays to help others。帮助别人是值得的。二十四、be based on (以为基础)例句：The progress of the society is based on harmony。社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)We should spare no effort to beautify our environment。我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。 二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让明白事)例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard。我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。二十七、be closely related to (与息息相关)例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health。做运动与健康息息相关。二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving= make it a rule to + V (养成的习惯)We should get into the habit of previewing and reviewing。我们应该养成预习和复习的习惯。 二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, (因为)例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream。因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么!)例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! How important a thing is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事!三十一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。三十二、Have a great influence on （对有很大的影响）例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。三十三、do good to （对.有益），do harm to （对有害）例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。三十四、Pose a great threat to （对造成一大威胁）例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。三十五、do ones utmost to + V = do ones best （尽全力去）例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。了交流学习经验，提高学习效率，中学生英语辅导报举行了一次以How to be a good learner?为题的征文比赛活动，请写一篇80词左右的短文谈谈你的看法。How to be a good learner?As a good learner, we should have good habits and ways of learning. We need to get ready for our lessons before class and always listen carefully in class. Its good to study in groups and help each other. We should do more reading in our free time. If we have some problems, wed better ask others for help. As a student, working hard is important, but dont forget to do sports and keep healthy. I think all these will be helpful to us.假如你的英语学得很好，请根据表中内容，在英语班会上向大家介绍一下你学习好英语的体会和心得。词数90左右。简况 1.学习英语有3年多了。2.起初觉得难学，后来有进步。体会 1.下苦功夫。2.课内外要多听、多说和多写。建议 学习英语的方法。English is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is more and more important today. I like English very much. I have studied it for three years. At first, I found it difficult. I often made mistakes in pronunciation, spelling and grammar. With the help of my teachers and classmates, I have made great progress. If you want to improve your English in a short time, you must try your best. In or out of class, youd better listen, read, speak and write as much as possible. When you have problems or dont understand the words, you must ask your teachers for help or look up the words in a dictionary.亲爱的同学，你的初中学习生活马上就要结束了，请你以“My English Study”为题，谈一下三年以来学习英语的心得体会。要求：1.要点包括你在英语学习中所遇到的困难、解决的方法以及学习感悟；2.词数80左右。My English StudyHow time flies! My three-year middle school life will be over soon. Looking back, I have many memories of my English study.When I entered the middle school, I had so many difficulties with my English. I was not able to understand the teacher in class, and I couldnt master the words and phrases. For a time I wanted to give it up. Later, with the help of the teacher and my classmates, I listened to the teacher carefully in class, kept on reading English every day and spoke as much as possible. Step by step I made great progress in English.In a word, only when you develop interest in studying English can you learn it well.父亲节马上就要到了，但是有些同学不知道送什么礼物给父亲。请根据下面的提示进行适当扩展，并向同学们提出一些建议。80词左右，开头和结尾以给出（不计入总词数）。 提示：1.如果有足够的零花钱，可以为父亲买一些使用单不贵的东西，如领带等：2.还可以为父亲做些力所能及的事情（do something that you can do）,如为父亲准备一杯茶等他下班后饮用等。Fathers Day is coming and you must be thinking of giving a present to your father. Different people like different kinds of gifts. If you have enough pocket money, you can buy a useful but not expensive thing, like a tie. I think your father will like it. But if you dont have enough pocket money, you can do something that you can do, for example, you can prepare a cup of tea. Whenyour father comes back from work, he can drink it.No matter what you do, the most important thing is to make your father happy on Fathers Day. Dont you think so?请根据提示以“The Spring Festival”为题，写一篇不少于80词的英语短文。提示：1.春节是中国最重要的节日；2.人们大多回家过年，家庭成员团聚；3.家人一起吃团年饭、看电视、拜访亲朋好友（friends and relatives）;4.孩子们喜欢春节。The Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival comes in winter. It is the most important traditional festival in China. People usually go home to spend the festival with their family. They have a big family get-together. The Chinese people have big meals and watch TV during the Spring Festival. They also visit their friends and relatives. Children like the Spring Festival very much because they neednt go to school and they have a lot of time to play.假设Linda是你的好朋友，你们两年没有见面了。上个星期她从国外留学回来，你们很高兴见到彼此。请根据提示，简要介绍Linda的变化。提示：1.外貌：以前个子矮，短发；现在个子高多了，长发。2.爱好：以前喜欢打乒乓球、看电视和聊天；现在喜欢弹钢琴、看书和散步。3.性格：以前外向；现在有些内向。要求：1.不要逐字翻译，适当发挥；2.层次清晰，语言流畅；3.80词左右。Linda is my best friend. She has changed o lot in the past two years. She used to be short and have short hair. However, now she is much taller than before. She has long hair. She used to like playing ping-pong, watching TV and chatting with friends. But she likes playing the piano, reading books and taking a walk now. She used to be outgoing. Now she is a little quite. I think people sure change as time goes by. Even though she has changed a lot, we will be the best friends all the time.背景设定：最近，康敏的加拿大朋友Michael给他发来电子邮件，想了解康明家乡的变化。假如你是康敏，请根据以下提示，给Miachael回一封电子邮件。过去 生活条件差，道路狭窄，车辆少，住不好，吃不饱，联系不便.现在 生活条件优越，道路宽，车辆多，住得舒适，手机普及.要求：1.围绕以上内容进行合理表述；2.所表述的内容必须包含表中的所有方面；3.词数80词左右，开头语以给出（不计入词数）。参考词汇：living conditions, narrow, be crowded into, communications(通讯)，telegram, thanks to, rapidly, mobile phone, policyDear Michael,You want to know sthe changes about my hometown. You know, great changes have taken place since 60 years ago.In the past, the living conditions were very poor. There were not many buses or cars, and the roads were narrow. Usually, a big family was crowed into a small, dark house. Most families couldnt get enough food. The communications were simple and slow. People kept in touch with their friends and relatives far away mainly by letter or telegram.Thanks to the government, our hometown has developed rapidly in recent years. The living conditions are much better and more comfortable. The roads are wide. Some people have their own cars. Most of the people have lived in big new houses. Quite a few adults have mobile phones. Because of many good policies, I think our lives will become better and better. SincerelyKang Min随着网络的发展，人们消费观念转变，购物方式也在悄然地发生变化。“网购”成为一种时尚，越来越多的学生也正加入到网购群体中。请你根据以下表格的提示，写一篇网上购物的文章。优点 1.足不出户；节约时间；避免拥挤、劳累。2.价格通常比较便宜。3.可供选择的范围广，品种多。缺点 1.只能看到图片，看不到商品本身。2.容易购买大量不太需要的东西，造成浪费。注意：1.所表述的内容必须包含表格中的所有方面；2.80词左右，开头文章已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：网购 shopping online; 避免做某事 avoid doing sth; 商品 goods; 导致 cause With the development of the Internet, many people are used to shopping online. It has become a fashion in our daily life. Some of us students also join the group. Shopping online has many advantages. Just by a click of the mouse, you can buy what youre interested in without going outdoors. You can avoid getting tired and being trapped in the crowded people and cars and save time. When shopping online, you can choose from more varieties of goods, whose prices are generally lower.Every coin has two sides. Its disadvantages are obvious, too. On the one hand, its very easy for you to buy goods different from the pictures you see on the Internet. On the other hand, shopping online may cause people to buy goods that are not badly needed. Thats a waste of money.All in all, I love shopping online.假如你是李华，今年上初三了，现在的生活和以前大不一样了。请你根据自身的情况写一篇文章介绍一下自己的变化。词数：60-80。I am Li Hua. I am in Grade Nine this year. My life has changed a lot in the past few weeks. I used to get up at seven in the morning. But now I get up at six and read English for half an hour every morning. I used to watch TV and go to bed at 9:30 in the evening. But now I have to keep doing homework until 11:00 in the evening. I used to play tennis in my free time. But now I have to spend all my free time studying. I really miss my old days.假设你叫李平，最近你就使用电子词典的问题调查了各方面的意见（见下表）。现在请你根据