2018_2019学年高中英语Unit24SocietySectionⅡWarm_up.docx

SectionWarmup & Consumer SocietyLanguage Points abundant adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的(教材P137)There have also sadly been abundant cases of violence at home.不幸的是，也存在着大量的家庭暴力案件。(1)be abundant in/with 富有(2)abundance n. 丰富；充裕in abundance 大量；丰富an abundance of 丰富的China is abundant in natural resources.中国有丰富的自然资源。At the party there was food and drink in abundance.宴会上有大量的食物和饮料。Hawaiis natural beauty, pleasant climate, abundance(abundant) of public beaches, oceanic surroundings make it a popular destination for tourists.夏威夷的自然风光、宜人的气候、大量的公共海滩、海洋环境使其成为游客的热门之选。 deposit vt.& vi.存储；储蓄；寄存；使沉淀n.寄存物；存款；押金；沉积物(教材P34)Sometimes we try to deposit a little or change our money into different countries currencies in the hope that we can make even more money.有时，我们会尽量储蓄一些钱或将钱兑换成不同国家的货币，希望能够赚取更多的钱。(1)deposit.in/into/on将存入；把放在(2)make a deposit(of) 办理(多少)存款put down a deposit(on) 付()定金on deposit (被)储存着I put down a deposit on a car last week.上周我付了汽车的定金。They have a lot of money on deposit at the bank.他们在银行里存了许多钱。 accumulate v. 积累；堆积(教材P34)In this spending circle，on the one hand，we accumulate possessions but never feel like we have enough.在这个消费圈里，一方面，我们积累财产，但永远不会感到满足。accumulation n积累accumulative adj. 渐增的，累积的The accumulation(accumulate) of data for his paper cost him many sleepless nights.他用了许多个不眠之夜来为他的论文搜集资料。明辨异同accumulate/collect/gatheraccumulate着重强调量的“堆积、积累”。collect指有计划的、有条理的“搜集”。gather通常指把分散的人或物聚集在一起。accumulate，collect，gatherPeople_round，curious to know what was happening.In the past years，the professor has_a lot of facts about this disease.By investing wisely she_a fortune.【答案】gatheredcollectedaccumulated burden n. 重担；负担(教材P34)Instead，they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.相反，感觉它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分钱交出来付账。(1)be a burden to sb.成为某人的负担(2)burden vt. 负担；背负burden sb./oneself with sth. 使某人负担某事(3)be burdened by 被所困扰；承受的负担be burdened with 背负着；负载着Her sick grandfather is becoming a burden to her.她生病的爷爷渐渐成了她的负担。The government burdened the nation with heavy taxes.政府使国民负担重税。He was_burdened(burden) with a heavy box on his back.他背上背着一个很重的箱子。 vacant adj. (座位或职位)空着的，无人占用的(教材P34)Surely were still better off than those who wear rags and sleep on the streets or in vacant buildings，but.当然，我们仍旧比那些穿着破衣烂衫、睡在街道上或者空置的大楼里的人生活得好很多，但是a vacant seat 空位a vacant position/post 空缺职位a vacant expression/look 茫然的表情vacancy n. C (职位的)空缺，空职The number of vacant posts has largely increased compared to the same period of last year.空缺职位的数量与去年同期相比大幅增加。He stared into space with a vacant expression.他茫然地凝视着天空。明辨异同vacant/emptyvacant作“空着的”解时，多指房屋、设备等未被使用、无人占用。empty作“空的”解时，则表示空无一人、空无一物等，即with nothing in it。empty，vacantThe house has been vacant for about a year.The house was empty；we had to buy some furniture. come into being 形成；存在；生存(教材P34)If laws such as these came into being，a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.如果产生了类似这样的法律，那么生活就要做很多调整，反响肯定是各种各样的。come into force/effect生效；实施come into existence 形成；存在come into operation 开始实行come into sight/view 看到come into fashion 流行come into power 执政The new tax rates will come into effect from April.新税率将从4月开始生效。The new type of cellphone comes into fashion this year.今年流行这款新型手机。 wind sb.up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)(教材P138)Youre just trying to wind me up，arent you?你只是在故意惹我生气，不是吗？wind sth.up 结束(会议、活动等)wind up (doing.) 以告终；落得的下场wind down 使逐步结束；摇下；平静下来，放松The government is winding down its nuclear programme.政府正逐步取消核计划。We eventually wound up staying(stay) in a little hotel a few miles from town.我们最后在离城几英里的一家小旅馆里落脚。 resign vt.& vi.辞职；使听从；委托(教材P35)His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.他的老板坚持要求他工作更长时间，所以他辞职了。resign from/as辞职；辞去(某职务)resign oneself to (doing) sth. 听从；顺从(to为介词)resign.to. 把托付给Five prime ministers have resigned from their positions in Japan in the past six years.在过去的六年中，有五位日本首相辞职。You must resign yourself to waiting(wait) a bit longer.你得耐心地多等一会儿。.语境填词1There was good food in abundance(abundant) at the party.2Her only interest was the accumulation(accumulate) of money.3We should get a thorough understanding about the cultural diversity(diverse) of the United States.4Many young workers gave up their holidays to do voluntary(volunteer) labour.5You must put your signature(sign) on the cheque.选词填空wind sb.up； come into being； on the decrease； be abundant in； resign from； be burdened with1Dont worry about what Colin says; hes only trying to wind you up.2I resigned_from the company because I was fed up with the daily routine.3Mountain areas are_abundant_in natural resources.4When did the Roman Empire come_into_being?5She was_burdened_with nearly the full responsibility of running the farm.6A local newspaper remarked that crime was on_the_decrease.(教材P34)As a society，its_high_time_that_we_took_these_issues_more _seriously.作为一个社会，该是我们更加认真地对待这些问题的时候了。【要点提炼】Its time(that).“现在该”，句式中time前可加high，about等修饰词，用法不变。其后接that从句时要用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语用过去式或“should动词原形”，注意should不能省略。Its time for sth.是的时候了Its time (for sb.)to do sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时候了It/This is序数词timethat.从句中用现在完成时It/That was序数词timethat.从句中用过去完成时Its time for lunch.该吃午饭了。Its time for us to_go(go) to school.我们该上学了。This is the first time that I have_visited(visit) Weihai.这是我第一次游览威海。完成句子1他想买的不是一条短裙，而是一条连衣裙。He wants to buy _， _.2我想现在该是校长下决心的时候了。I think it is high time that _.3这是她第四次访问这座山城了。It is the fourth time that _.【答案】1.not a skirt；but a dress2.the headmaster made up his mind3.she has visited the mountain cityNot increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.【分析】句中动词不定式短语to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families作后置定语，修饰less free time；not.but.意为“不是而是”，用于连接平行结构。【翻译】_【答案】不是更多的幸福，而是压力和更少的享受生活及与朋友和家人相聚的自由时间。“说服”阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1We should insist that advertising is more controlled，especially advertising aimed at children.2On a personal level，we ought to visit the shops less and worry less about image.3As a society，its high time that we took these issues more seriously.4Protest groups are insisting that some of our money be given to the third world.5lf laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required.在正式的英语书面语及非正式的英语口语中，常用不同方式来告知人们我们认为他们该做什么，归纳起来，有以下几种表达说服的方式：一、英语书面语在正式书面表达中，下列表达方式可以强化“建议”。1should/ought todo.You should/ought to brush your teeth before you go to bed.你在睡前应该刷牙。We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow，but I dont think we will.我们应该明天去看玛丽，可我认为我们去不了。2当人们想要表达建议、命令或要求时，从句的谓语动词需用虚拟语气，其形式为“(should)动词原形”。这些从句可以是宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句或表语从句。Our teacher demanded that Mary(should)finish her homework within a week.我们老师要求玛丽在一周内完成家庭作业。His suggestion is that we(should)do our homework more carefully.他的建议就是我们做家庭作业时要更细心一些。名师点津“一、二、三、四”记虚拟：一个“坚持”(insist)；两个“命令”(order，command)；三条“建议”(advise，suggest，propose)；四项“要求”(demand，require，request，ask)。(1)suggest作“建议”讲，宾语从句用虚拟语气；若作“暗示，表明”讲，则用陈述语气。 (2)insist作“坚持认为、坚持说”讲时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持(要求)”“坚持(主张)”讲时宾语从句才用虚拟语气。The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel and that he(should)not be punished for its lost.那个阿拉伯人坚持说他从未见过那头骆驼，并且坚持主张自己不能因为骆驼的丢失而受到惩罚。Janes pale face suggested that she was ill，and her father suggested that she(should)have a medical examination.简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父亲建议她做一下医学检查。3Its(high/about)time that句式中，that从句中的谓语动词常用过去式或should do且should不能省略。Its high time that I went/should go to pick up my daughter at school.我该去学校接我的女儿了。二、英语口语1跟熟人交谈时用下列表达方式可以使“建议”听上去不生硬，具有试探性。(1)虚拟语气表示委婉、客气的语气，常用句型“If I were you，Iddo.”If I were you，I would accept his advice.如果我是你，我会接受他的忠告。(2)句型I think you should/ought to do.，表示“我认为你应该做”语气稍强。I think you ought to tell your husband youre pregnant. 我想你应该告诉你丈夫你怀孕了。2.用下列方式可以强硬地对某人批评、责怪或提出建议，使用这种方式常具有权威性。(1