书面表达-英语(新课标.ppt

英 语,重庆市专用,课件编辑说明,本课件是由精确校对的word书稿制作的“逐字编辑”课件，如需要修改课件，请双击对应内容，进入可编辑状态。 如果有的公式双击后无法进入可编辑状态，请单击选中此公式，点击右键、“切换域代码”，即可进入编辑状态。修改后再点击右键、“切换域代码”，即可退出编辑状态。,目 录,第四模块 书面表达,第一部分 写作一 开放式作文 专题二十六 看图提示型写作 专题二十七 英文提示型写作 第二部分 写作二 提纲式作文 专题二十八 记叙文型写作 专题二十九 议论文型写作 专题三十 说明文型写作 专题三十一 应用文型写作,返回目录,考情分析,【考纲解读】 书面表达主要考查考生运用英语语法、词汇等知识，清楚、连贯、准确地传递信息的书面表达能力。 从2013年开始高考重庆卷书面表达发生了变化，由原来的一篇作文改成了两篇小作文。书面表达包括两个写作任务： 写作一为开放式作文，要求考生结合所给材料，按要求用英文写作，词数不少于60。提供材料的形式有文字、图画、图表等。满分15分。,返回目录,考情分析,写作二为提纲式作文，要求考生根据所给情景，按照提纲，用英语写一篇短文，词数不少于80。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有文字、图画、图表等。满分20分。,返回目录,考情分析,【命题透视】 20132014年重庆卷考点分析一览表,返回目录,考情分析,分析2013和2014年重庆高考试题，可以看出高考书面表达有如下特点： 1命题理念 “源于生活，高于生活”是英语书面表达近年来始终保持的主旋律。2014年高考书面表达题贴近学生实际生活，写作话题真实，学生有话可写。书面表达情景实用性程度高，每一份试卷都符合学生认知水平和日常生活经历；题目设计关注学生成长，注意培养学生良好的道德品质和健全的人格；另外，所涉及话题关注社会，富有时代特色，能唤起学生强烈的主人翁意识和责任感。这种贴近生活、立足基础、发扬个性、关注环境的设题理念仍将是近几年高考书面表达的基本思路。,考情分析,2命题方式 写作一设置为开放式作文，写作二为传统的提纲式作文。这两篇写作给考生一定提示的同时，也给考生提供了更为宽广的思维空间，给考生留有很大的自由发挥的余地，这样能更全面和客观地考查考生的语言组织和书面表达的能力。要写出一篇好的文章，考生不仅要精炼地表达所给信息，更加重要的是要自由发挥，要有自己独到的见解，要言之有物、言之有理，充分体现出思维的广度和深度。,返回目录,考情分析,3文章体裁 主要的体裁有夹叙夹议文、应用文和议论文。今年的高考书面表达处处体现了新课标对高考“体现英语教学的交际性、实用性和应用性，提高考生的综合语言运用能力”的要求，强调写作的目的性和实用性。,返回目录,第一部分 写作一 开放式作文 专题二十六 看图提示型写作,专 题 导 读,真 题 典 例,新 题 预 测,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,1.写作过程是描述与议论相结合，重点放在图画带来的思想启迪上。 2主题要健康向上，不能一味地批判，能提供一定的启迪意义。如果批判某种不良现象，一定要提出解决办法，发出号召。 3立意是开放性作文的灵魂，没有明确的立意，描述变得没有方向，也使文章各部分没了有机联系。立意决定了文章的高度，也表现了作者的思想深度。立意一般从以下几个方面提取：,专 题 导 读,返回目录,(1) 社会意义：如空巢现象、环境保护、人性优点、社会责任等。 (2) 教育意义：如全面发展、成才教育、挫折教育、独立思考、励志等。 (3) 人际意义：如亲情、友谊、和谐人际关系等。 4中心人(事)物可根据图画的复杂程度决定。我们一般把图划分为一维、二维和多维物象。一维物象的图画注重从各个方面思考并描述该人(事)物；二维物象则侧重对比，找出异同点，重点比较不同或对其中之一进行强调；多维物象的图画一定要分清哪个是主要人(事)物，哪些是背景或陪衬。,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,真 题 典 例,2013北京卷 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于 50。 You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,真 题 典 例,思路点拨 本题要求学生根据漫画内容写出一篇有思想、有逻辑的文章，揭示漫画的意义。根据漫画，可参考的主题有：1)梦想与现实； 2)脚踏实地； 3)选择合适的工具； 4)成才环境。,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,真 题 典 例,One possible version： I think the picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between ones dream and reality.People need to learn to face it.Everyone has his her dream.However, it is not so easy for people to realize their dreams every time.Just like the man in the picture, instead of the big fish he wishes for, he actually catches a small one. In my opinion, people need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying.With another try, they may gain what they dream of.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(一) 请根据下图，以“Too much care spoils a child”为题写一篇英语作文，词数不少于60。 要求：1. 就此图发表你的感想； 2紧扣图画，有明确的观点。 Too much care spoils a child ,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： Too much care spoils a child As is shown in the picture above, the plant is being destroyed by overwatering. What the picture suggests to us is that too much care spoils a child. As a famous Chinese saying goes, “Spare the rod and spoil the child.” To keep us away from the necessary hardships in our childhood, our parents tend to offer us too much care, for example, making beds, washing clothes and even carrying school bags for us.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,They are doing all they can without knowing that they are actually spoiling us. As children, what we really need is to experience difficulties and take challenges. So love me, teach me and show me, but not spoil me. Only in this way can we become stronger to shoulder our due responsibilities.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(二) 请根据下图写一篇英语作文，词数不少于60。 要求：1. 就此图发表你的感想； 2紧扣图画，有明确的观点。,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： An old man suddenly fell to the ground in a faint just in front of the boy. Many people crowded round but nobody would help the old man up. Most people encouraged the boy to help the man, while some of them thought the boy shouldnt give a hand because he was likely to get himself into trouble since the old man or his family might insist that he knocked down the old man. Even worse, some urged the boy to leave immediately.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,The boy was troubled by the question as to whether he should help the old man or not. In my opinion, helping others is a traditional Chinese virtue. We must give a hand to the old and at the same time we must protect ourselves from being involved in trouble.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(三) 请根据下图写一篇英语作文，词数不少于60。 要求：1.就此图发表你的感想； 2紧扣图画，有明确的观点。,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： This picture presents to us a scene in which a family of three are walking on a country road. The father is holding a long pole with a computer tied to the end. The son is chasing the computer happily. It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that some children are so addicted to the Internet that they tend to lock themselves indoors on weekends, playing computer games or surfing the Internet. Consequently, they are becoming more and more reluctant to communicate with their peers.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,Personally, the more time children spend on computers, the more physical and mental problems they will suffer from. To rid children of their addiction to the Internet, parents should not only guide them in a proper way but also spare more time to stay with them, such as going outing and visiting relatives. Only in this way can they resist the temptation of the Internet and lead a normal life.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(四) 请根据下图写一篇英语作文，词数不少于60。 要求：1. 就此图发表你的感想； 2紧扣图画，有明确的观点。,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version: As is vividly shown in the picture, a man is picking the biggest apple on the tree with ease with the help of two people. The picture conveys a message that the biggest apple represents the ideals which everybody has and keeps pursuing in our life, but it is difficult to realize them on condition that we work together. As a Chinese saying goes, “Unity is power.” Therefore, it is essential for us to work in a united way.,返回目录,专题二十六 看图提示型写作,新 题 预 测,In a word, we should bear in mind that we cannot survive alone and frequently we need to cooperate with others to achieve our goals. Individually, we are a drop; together, we are an ocean.,返回目录,教师备用习题,请根据下图写一篇英语作文，词数不少于60。 要求：1. 就此图发表你的感想； 2紧扣图画，有明确的观点。,返回目录,教师备用习题,One possible version: In the left part of the picture，the boy is not able to reach the apples on the tree, no matter how hard he tries.However，in the right part of the picture, with the help of a ladder，the boy gets an access to the apples. The picture indicates that sometimes it is important for us to get help from others. Our ability is limited. It is impossible for us to achieve everything on our own ability. Therefore, to succeed, we should make full use of the outside help and use tools if necessary.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,专 题 导 读,真 题 典 例,新 题 预 测,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,真 题 典 例,2014重庆卷 写作一 请结合材料，按要求用英文写作。 “My friend falls，I laugh；my phone falls，I cry.” 要求：1.就此材料发表你的看法； 2紧扣材料，有明确的观点； 3词数不少于60。,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,真 题 典 例,One possible version： This happens frequently in a teenagers world which depends on cellphones too much. In the eyes of the youngsters, friendship is important. But when it comes to the balance of friends and cellphones, kids tend to regard the latter as their bigger share. I dont think it is wise to neglect a devoted human friend but favour the phone, because human friends can push us on in the fierce struggle in life while phones are only our tools. So next time, when your friend falls, dont laugh at him or her but help him or her stand up.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(一) 请结合材料，按要求用英文写作，词数不少于60。 A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams. J. Barrymore，American actor 要求：1. 就此材料发表你的感想； 2紧扣材料，有明确的观点。,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version: I quite agree with what the American actor said. Whether a man is old or not is not decided only by his biological age, but also by whether he is seeking. Some people should be very old when they give up every effort to try anything new although they are actually very young. On the contrary, some people still spare no effort to achieve their dreams while they are actually very old. I think they are still very young and they would never regret when they are really too old.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(二) 请结合材料，按要求用英文写作，词数不少于60。 Nowadays square dancing is getting more and more popular with Chinese people in many cities. And its a green form of exercising to keep fit. 要求：1. 就此材料发表你的感想； 2紧扣材料，有明确的观点。,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： To be honest, most people say yes to square dancing, considering it a green form of exercising to keep fit. Besides, it is moneysaving. But meanwhile, some people are greatly opposed to square dancing. They argue that the happiness of those dancers is built on the pain of others who have to suffer from the loud music and noise.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,In my view, square dancing is certainly beneficial to the whole society so long as the dancers show concern for others needs. Whats more, our government should invest more money to build some specified recreation centres for people.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(三) 请根据以下内容，发表自己的观点看法，词数不少于60。 One person collapses in a situation, while another person uses the situation as a stepping stone. The person who wins in life is the person who thinks they can.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： One of the most valuable lessons life has taught me is that only when we believe in ourselves can we hope to make a success. I used to be poor at my English, and there was a time when I decided that I wasnt meant for English study. The more I feared, the tougher English appeared to me. But things began to change dramatically after I was aware that what I lacked was a belief in myself.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,With time going by, I built up my confidence and began to make steady progress in my English study, making it to one of the top students in my class. My experience fully illustrates that what counts most is our belief in ourselves if we are to make a difference in life.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,(四) 请结合材料，按要求用英文写作，词数不少于60。 China is considered the worlds largest tobacco producer and consumer. Smoking remains a common scene in some public places. 要求：1. 就此材料发表你的看法； 2.紧扣材料，有明确的观点。,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version: As is mentioned in the material, we are confronted with a problem that there are still many people smoking in public places in China. From my perspective, smoking in public places should be banned. For one thing, smoking in public places can do more harm to nonsmokers, which lead to many incurable diseases. For another thing, it will pollute our environment by giving off poisonous chemicals.,返回目录,专题二十七 英文提示型写作,新 题 预 测,Never will we build and enjoy a beautiful and harmonious country unless we prohibit smoking in public places. Remember everybody is responsible for it.,返回目录,教师备用习题,请根据以下内容，发表自己的观点看法，词数不少于60。 Chinese people like to treat their guests to a lot of dishes in one meal at the table，sometimes even with plates dangerously balanced one on top of another.,返回目录,教师备用习题,One possible version: It appears that we Chinese are of great hospitality treating our guests a great deal in one meal out of the tradition even by wasting a large amount. Actually it presents the false pride of us Chinese. In my opinion, not only a person, but also a race, even a country is supposed to be honest, meaning what I am is what I am.,返回目录,教师备用习题,If we overstate what we have or what we are, we are committing a large waste and ruining our moral quality, which makes us live a very tiring life, and waste the very limited resources in the world. We are doing wrong to the world！,返回目录,第二部分 写作二 提纲式作文 专题二十八 记叙文型写作,专 题 导 读,真 题 典 例,新 题 预 测,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,英语记叙文的写作一般要求考生根据提示中提供的情景，组织语言材料。要想写好记叙文型写作，必须注意： 1写作前要根据要求或暗示确定用什么人称。一般来说，英语记叙文要以第一人称(I/we)和第三人称(he/she/it/they)展开叙述。第一人称是从“参与者”的角度进行叙述；第三人称是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，要根据具体情况合理选用时态和要点。要就事论事，不要画蛇添足，节外生枝。,专 题 导 读,返回目录,2交代清楚记叙文写作的六要素：人物(who/whom)、时间(when)、地点(where)、事由(what)、原因(why)和结果(how)。注意从具体的材料中提炼中心，并根据中心思想选择材料，合理安排情节，注意写作的顺序以及记叙的详略。 3注意选择合适的时态和叙述的方法。记叙文一般是叙述已经发生过的事情，因此其基本时态应该是一般过去时。其记叙的顺序包括： (1)以时间为线索，按时间的顺序展开。常用的话语标志有：afterwards，at the same time，first，then，next，finally，soon，immediately，following等。,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,专 题 导 读,返回目录,(2)以地点为线索，以地点的转移为顺序。 (3)以事件的发展为线索，或以人物的出现先后展开。 4记叙事情时，要注意主题鲜明突出，清楚具体，内容感人深刻。写人时，要抓住典型事例、典型行为和表现。对中心事件和最能表现中心思想的地方，要详细叙述；次要的东西，可少写或不写。,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,真 题 典 例,每个人在生活中都有可能遇到一些突发事件或者亟待解决的问题。遇到问题时，你是独立解决还是试图寻求别人的帮助呢？请根据自己的亲身经历写一篇英语短文，谈谈自己是如何解决问题的。内容包括： 1你遇到的问题是什么； 2你是如何解决问题的； 3你的感想。 注意： 词数不少于80。,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,真 题 典 例,One possible version： Last summer my grandmother fell ill suddenly, so my parents decided to go back to our hometown immediately. I was having tutorial classes at that time, so my parents left me at home alone. I had never been left alone before, so I was feeling a little afraid. I asked my parents whether I could invite one of my friends to stay with me and they agreed. Then I called my best friend, Li Hua. Luckily he was willing to accompany me during my parents absence. My experience shows that when we get into trouble we should think of ways to solve our problems.,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,新 题 预 测,(一) 请以“One thing Im proud of”为题，用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文，记述一件你自己认为得意的事情。要求如下： 1记述事情经过； 2简要说明你感到得意的原因或从中得到的启示。 注意：文章的标题已给出(不计词数)。 One thing Im proud of _,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： One thing Im proud of I still remember how I became a good table tennis player. The first day I went to high school, I saw some of my classmates playing table tennis. Amazed at how skilful they were, I was determined to be just as good. Later on, I often watched them carefully to learn their techniques. Then I kept practising until I became confident enough to challenge the good players. At the end of the term I became one of the best players in my class.,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,新 题 预 测,I am really proud of this experience, because it helps me realize that we all can fulfil our potential and achieve our goals through hard work. It also helps me better understand the proverb “Practice makes perfect.”,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,新 题 预 测,(二) 最近，你们班召开了以“我的中国梦”为主题的班会活动。请写一篇日记，记述班会情况及自己的感受。 内容要点如下： 1每位同学都畅谈了自己对中国梦的理解； 2你谈到了自己的梦想； 3如何实现自己的梦想。 注意：1. 词数不少于80； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,新 题 预 测,One possible version： May 8 Wednesday Sunny Recently we had a class meeting on the topic of “My Chinese Dream”. Inspired by President Xis Chinese Dream, everyone talked enthusiastically about his understanding of the Chinese Dream. We all believe that this dream will come true in the future. I also talked about my own dream. I have always wanted to be a doctor. Not only can doctors save peoples lives but also they are doing a respectable job. Doctors can also help people to live a better life with their professional knowledge.,返回目录,专题二十八 记叙文型写作,新 题 预 测,To realize my dream, I must try to work hard from now on. I must learn as much as I can so that I can get into a good medical college, where I can prepare myself adequately for the job of a doctor. Only in this way can I accomplish my goal.,返回目录,教师备用习题,假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华，校报英文版正在开展以“汉语走向世界”为主题的故事征集活动。请根据以下文字提示，将你在上个月为加拿大的表弟Jack邮寄汉语教材的事情记述下来，向校报投稿。 (1)收到表弟的邮件； (2)去书店帮表弟买教材； (3)去邮局邮寄教材； (4)收到表弟的感谢信。 注意：开头已给出，不计入总词数。词数不少于80。 In recent years，learning Chinese has become popular among people around the world. Last month, _,返回目录,教师备用习题,One possible version: In_recent_years,_learning_Chinese_has_become_ popular_among_people_around_the_world._Last_ month,_I received an email from my cousin Jack in Canada. He said he was enthusiastic about Chinese, and asked me to find him some books intended for Chinese beginners. I was very pleased to do such a favour. So I went from one bookstore to another, hoping to find something suitable for him. Finally I selected a set of Chinese textbooks among a variety of similar ones.,返回目录,教师备用习题,Then I went to a post office to have them delivered by air without delay. Several days later, I received Jacks email, saying that he really appreciated the books I had sent. Im very glad that Jack is beginning to learn Chinese just like many other foreigners abroad, although I know it may be an enjoyable challenge for him.,返回目录,专题二十九 议论文型写作,专 题 导 读,真 题 典 例,新 题 预 测,返回目录,专题二十九 议论文型写作,议论文是高考英语试卷中最常考查的文体之一，一般会选取考生所熟悉的社会上的热点、焦点问题，通过剖析事物来论述事理、发表意见或提出主张。在具体的写作中要求通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非，确定其观点的正确或错误，树立或否定某种观点或主张。近几年的高考书面表达中，议论文的命题形式多以文字提纲、图画和表格的方式来呈现写作材料。写作方法主要是三段式作文法。所谓三段式作文法，就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式布局谋篇，即开头、正文、结尾。三段式写作模式思路清晰、结构分明，是考生提高自己的作文档次的最佳选择。 1第一段开门见山直奔主题，提出要解决的问题或观点，或者交代清楚时间、地点、人物、事件。,专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题二十九 议论文型写作,2第二段摆出事实或提出论据，或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。该部分条理要清楚，过渡要自然，也就是要按评分细则所要求的，“有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，完全达到预期的写作目的”。 为了迅速把握句与句、段与段的连接方式，很有必要熟记表示各种逻辑意义的过渡词语。 3最后一段，得出结论。可以有三种方式： (1)重复中心思想，回到文章开头提出的中心思想或主题上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果。 (2)引用。用格言或名人名言总结全文，既言简意赅，又有较强的说服力。,专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题二十九 议论文型写作,(3)得出结论。文章最后用几句话概括全文内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。 议论文常用写作模板： 模板1：(1)观点对比 The topic aboutis becoming more and more popular in our school recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some students prefer to consider doing sth. Some students sayis their favourite. They think that(理由一). Whats more，(理由二) Moreover，(理由三),专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题二十九 议论文型写作,However，others believeis a better choice for three reasons. (然而，其余的人认为做某事是一种较好的选择，有三个方面的理由。) To begin with，(理由一). Next，(理由二)In addition，(理由三) From my point of view，the former is surely a wise choice. The reason is that或者用：As far as I am concerned，I firmly support the view that(依我来看，我坚决支持这种观点),专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题二十九 议论文型写作,模板1：(2)观点对比 There is a widespread concern over the issue that(主题). But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that(观点一). In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude