如何阅读和写作英文论文和专利

如何阅读和写作英文论文和专利,How to read and write English paper and patent,英文科技论文的索引系统简介 brief of English paper index system,Science citation index expended (SCI) Engineering village (EI Compendex) IEEExplore digital library IET Inspec digital library Index to science & technology proceedings (ISTP),SCI,Science Citation Index Expanded TM, accessed via Web of Science, provides researchers, administrators, faculty, and students with quick, powerful access to the bibliographic and citation information they need to find research data, analyze trends, journals and researchers, and share their findings. Overcome information overload and focus on essential data from over 6,650 of the worlds leading scientific and technical journals across 150 disciplines. WITH SCIENCE CITATION INDEX EXPANDED, YOU CAN: Find high-impact articles from peer-reviewed, influential journals. Uncover relevant results in related fields. Discover emerging trends that help you pursue successful research and grant acquisition. Identify potential collaborators with significant citation records. Integrate searching, writing, and bibliography creation into one streamlined process.,WHY CHOOSE SCIENCE CITATION INDEX EXPANDED?,Comprehensive and Relevant Coverage: Every journal included in Science Citation Index ExpandedTM has met the high standards of an objective evaluation process that eliminates clutter and excess and delivers data that is accurate, meaningful and timely. Cited Reference Searching: Track prior research and monitor current developments, see who is citing your work, measure the influence of colleagues work, and follow the path of todays hottest ideas. Navigate forward, backward and through the literature, searching all disciplines and time spans to discover information with impact. .,WHY CHOOSE SCIENCE CITATION INDEX EXPANDED?,SCI+ISTP检索开始,此为数据库基本界面，在此页面是对数据库的跨库检索，可以直接在对话框中输入检索词,如果需要选择数据库，请点击此处，并选择数据库,SCI+ISTP检索中数据库选择,进入此页面提供数据库选择,点击综合学科会议文献数据库,点击进入生物医学数据库,点击进入综合学科期刊数据库,选择Wbe of Science,进入Wbe of Science库时，提供基本检索界面，可供多项检索途径复合检索，在相应的对话框中输入检索词实现检索。,输入检索词时，下拉式菜单提供不同检索途径选择,可浏览检索途径中每项内容的详细情况,选择Wbe of Science,当在相应的检索途径输入检索词后敬请注意该页下方的检索条件，检索时限可以改变,Wbe of Science检索,如要检索船舶安全，可在第一对话框选择“主题”途径，输入“船舶安全”主题,在第二对话框选择“地址”途径，输入“上海”（表示第一作者所在地等）,如有其他复合逻辑检索要求时，可以继续在相应的对话框中输入检索词,此处可以添加检索对话框，以增加复合检索条件,Wbe of Science检索,如想查看此文详情，可以点击此文题名（此文有全文）,可以点击此处查看该文全文,本次检索的逻辑方式与条件,Wbe of Science检索,1.根据前述第二步，查看该文详细情况如下：,2.详情中依次说明作者、发表该文的期刊、该文被引与引用它文数量、摘要、文献类型、语种、作者提供的关键词、作者单位地址。,4.该文被引用情况以及与该文有相似文献链接,Wbe of Science检索,根据前述第三步，查看该文参考文献列表，点击蓝色参考文献的题名，可以在SCI数据库中打开该参考文献,Wbe of Science被引文献检索,被引文献检索的特点: 以一篇文章、一个作者、一个期刊、一篇会议文献或者一本书作为检索词,进行被引文献的检索. 提供与检索项相关的所有被引参考文献的列表. 被引文献检索能够帮助您发现: 某篇论文/某部论著/某期刊被引用过多少次？以揭示其影响力. 某一理论有没有得到进一步的证实？是否已经应用到了新的领域? 某项研究的最新进展极其延伸？ 某个实验方法是否得到改进？ 对于某个研究问题后来有没有勘误和修正说明? 要实现这些功能，必须进行被引文献检索,Wbe of Science被引文献检索,在Web of Science页面中点击该处，打开新检索界面，进行被引文献检索。检索字段分别是被引文献作者、被引文献出处（刊名）、被引年份，在相应的规划框中输入检索词实现检索。,该按钮用来查看被引作者、刊物名称,Wbe of Science检索分析,输入“船舶安全”,点击按钮检索,Wbe of Science检索分析,如要对277篇文献以被后来研究者引用次数排序可以在此改变输出排序方式（被引用的次数多少，能反应被引用文献的重要程度）,排序方式有：最新时间、被引次数、相关度、第一作者、出版物名、出版年份,Wbe of Science检索分析,对检索得到的277篇主题为“船舶安全”文献自身进行分析,Wbe of Science检索分析,在上一步点击“分析之后”，得到如此界面，进一步对分析做出要求。分析这277篇文献的主题分布情况,Wbe of Science检索分析,分析这277篇文献的主题分布情况如下：民用工程方面的文献有101篇，海事工程方面的有88篇约31.769%,改变分析要求，可以进行其他要求的分析，如277篇文献的出版年份分析等,Wbe of Science检索分析,88篇文献在分析基础上得到检索结果,Wbe of Science检索分析,改变分析277篇文献在刊物上分布情况,分析结果可以得到发表关于“船舶安全”文献的刊物列表，也能得到发表此主题的主要刊物以及数量,Wbe of Science检索分析,对检索得到的277篇主题为“船舶安全”文献引用情况进行分析,Wbe of Science检索分析,277篇主题为“船舶安全”文献被引用情况进行分析得到：总计被引365次（截止08年6月），平均每篇文献被引用1.32次。此处还可以查看引用这277篇文献的文献以及排除自引后的引用文献,对检索得到的277篇主题为“船舶安全”文献引用情况进行分析得到：2006年、2007年被引用为高峰，分别有70多，同时趋势发现，2008年也为引用高峰,检索得到的277篇主题为“船舶安全”文献在2002年时发表有35篇，2007年时有33篇等,2004,Cited References 主文献引用文献,1993,1991,1995,1980,2003,Times Cited 主文献被引用文献,Related Records 与主文献研究相关文献,2003,2004,1999,2002,1994,2004, Citing ,从一篇高质量的文献出发 沿着科学研究的发展道路, Cited References 越查越旧 Times Cited 越查越新 Related Records 越查越深,1998,分析： 学科分布、发展趋势、机构/作者等,使用SCI的作用,所有的引用与被引用，都是学科内容变 化的真实记录，是科学发展轨迹的记录。,The process to conceive a paper,Planning a manuscript, give a document a professional look,Structure of a scientific paper,Writing an abstract and title,胶体,萜烯 酚醛树脂 链霉菌,Title,Example of title,Study of Parasitic Metallic Strip to Enhance Bandwidth of Planar Inverted-F Antenna,Planar Monopole antenna with Notches and U-shape Slot on Metallic Ground: an application on Ultra-wideband wireless system,Example of Abstract,Abstract: Metallic strips are studied to identify their capability to configure multiple-band planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). U-shaped metallic strips and a inverted-L strips are selected to be integrated parasitically on PIFA structure, fabricating the proposed antenna with frequency band ranged from 1920MHz to 2170MHz for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), from 2400MHz to 2485MHz for Bluetooth and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) 2.4GHz band, and from 5725MHz to 5850MHz for WLAN 5.8GHz band. Based on the antenna structure, parasitic strips and antenna dimension along with their effects on antenna band configuration are analyzed. .,Example of Abstract,Abstract: In this paper, we have studied planar monopole antenna with single and double step notches. On this basis, we propose an ultra-wideband antenna named planar monopole antenna with double step notches and a U-shape slot on metallic ground. The characteristic of the U-shape slot is analyzed, noticing that it is an effective method to facilitate the ultra-wide band achievement. Given return loss less than -10dB, the proposed antenna is bandwidth up to 10.41GHz, covering IEEE802.16a spectrum with range from 2GHz to 11GHz. In addition, we have illustrated radiation patterns, verifying pseudo omni-direction in the far fields over UWB band of interest.,Writing an introduction,Material and Method,Result,How to write a discussion,Discussion contents,How to write conclusion,Conclusion Example,Conclusion: parasitic metallic strips are effective methods to enhance frequency band for PIFA that is verified by the design and the implementation of a triple band structure in this paper. Through adding parasitic U-shaped metallic strips, the bandwidth of a PIFA can be changed and extended to the range of desire; Through adding parasitic inverted-L strip in a defined area, new resonate frequency can be achieved, and then the whole antenna can be reconfigured that is with triple band application. The regulation about all the process of the change of the band with the change of the geometry of the parasitic metallic strips are illustrated in this paper, which, on one hand, come up with an antenna solution for multiple band mobile terminal application, the other hand, bring about a reference on how to using parasitic metallic strip or slot on IC package to design and implement IC integrated multiple band antenna on system on chip (SoC) or on system in package (SiP).,Conclusion example,A planar monopole antenna with double step notches and a U-shaped slot on metallic ground is designed and developed in this paper. It is concluded that a planar monopole antenna with single step notches is narrow in band; this band can be expanded by adding notches to form planar monopole antenna with double step notches. The band can be further improved by adding a U-shape slot on metallic ground plane. The proposed UWB antenna is this paper is a planar monopole antenna with double step notches and a U-shape slot on metallic ground with bandwidth range from 2GHz to 12.41GHz. Further study around this antenna will focus on the analysis of such features as phase response, polarization and radiation efficiency.,Acknowledgement,Reference,Main complaints of editors,Main complaints of editor (2),Language issue,形态学 显微镜方法,Language issue,Language issue,因为锯末衍生物具有非常好的自粘性能， 所以压铸成为一定形状和大小的材料。 尽管泄露可以有效地让更小的粒子从血管空间流向缝隙空间 是这种情况， 静脉用药将导致乳胶具有较高的静脉用药存留密度，却与结果相悖。更合理的解释为平均直径为46nm的SLN在进入肿瘤时的情况与平均直径的乳胶情况有非常大的不同，也就是说， 让乳胶如SLN自如地进出肿瘤血管是不可能，这是由于肿瘤血管缝隙很小。,What is scientific English,Patents,Hereby: as result of this 特此 由此 Herein: in this 其中 在此 Hitherto: up to this time 迄今 至今 Thereafter: after that 此后 其后 Therefore: for that objects 为此 因此 Therein: in that 其中 在那里 Thereupon: as a result of that 因此 Thereof: of which 所谈的事 关于他 Hereinabove: in a proceeding part 在上文 Hereinafter: below or in this document 在下文,1, Please translate the paper contents into Chinese (20 minutes),The PlayStation Portable (officially abbreviated PSP) is a handheld console manufactured and marketed by Sony. Development of the console was announced during E3 2003,and it was unveiled on May 11, 2004 at a Sony press conference before E3 2004.The PlayStation Portable is the first handheld video game console to use an optical disc format, Universal Media Disc (UMD), as its primary storage medium. Other distinguishing features of the console include its large viewing screen, robust multi-media capabiliti