英语作文基础：句法.ppt

一、由并列副词连接的并列句： 1. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you. 假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志，你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。否则，机遇来临你却无法利用。 2. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts. 然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,并列句例释,3. I think, therefore I am. 我思故我在。 4. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expense during long distance travels. 此外，中国人民的生活水平还没有高到足以使普通中国人有钱支付长途旅行的各种开支。 5. Furthermore, people who addict to fashion clothes have to spend more time going shopping and pay more attention to the impression they make on others. 而且，沉湎于时尚服装的人们不得不花费更多时间逛商店，更加注意自己给别人的印象。,二、由关联并列词连接的并列句： Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet. 环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。,各类复合句例释,一、主语从句 But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history. 但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。 Whether a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well. 家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题，不仅是城里人，而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。,二、定语从句 1.Any government which is blind to this point may pay a heavy price. 任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。 2. Part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets. 业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。,三、时间状语从句 Once you lose confidence, you wont be able to do the work well. 一旦你失去了自信，你就干不好工作。 2. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。,四、原因状语从句 1. Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be independent of your parents help. 既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。 2. Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃作运动。 五、结果状语从句 1. So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们不能浪费它。 2. I will give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself. 我会给你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断。,目的状语从句 1. In order that there should be no misunderstanding, we propose to hold a meeting. 为了不出现误解，我们建议开一个会。 让步状语从句 1. Even though you do not like it, you must do it. 即使你不喜欢这工作，你也得做。 2. No matter who you are, you have no right to do that. 不管你是谁，你都无权那样做。(no matter who, what, where/ whoever, whatever, wherever, etc) 地点状语从句. Wherever you work, work hard for the people.不管你在哪里工作都要努力为人民工作。,动名词及短语,Swimming is a healthy sport. Finding the devil creeping to him, he quickly hide himself under the bed. = When he found the devil creeping to him, he quickly hide himself under the bed. Catching a bad cold, he has been absent from school for a week. = Because he caught a bad cold, he has been absent from school for a week.,So 开头倒装 So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们不能浪费它。 否定词开头倒装 Hardly can I pass the exam without you help. In no case do Chinese people give in to forces from abroad. 在任何情况下中国人民都不会屈服于外来的武力。 only开头倒装 Obviously, only by doing away with the side effects of online games can we truly benefit from them. 很显然，只有消除这些负面影响我们才能正真从中受益。,倒装句,一、做主语从句的形式主语 1）众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分 It is known to all that Taiwan is part of China. 2）该政府宣布将削减国防开支。 It has been announced that the government is going to cut back its spending on defense. 3）It must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day. 必须承认缺少上学的资金仍然是当今的学生面临的最大问题之一，因为学费和书本的价格都在与日俱增。,It 做形式主语的句型,It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate. 人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。 It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself. 必须指出学习只能靠自己。 It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious. 人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。 It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. 建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。,二、做不定式的形式主语。 1）在去西方国家之前了解他们的文化和风俗习惯很重要。 It is important for you to know about their culture and customs before you leave for western countries. 事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。 2） In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 3）我发现自己流利地说一门外语很难。 I find it difficult for me to be fluent in a foreign language.,In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect