英语作文新颖词汇总结.doc

英语作文 新颖词汇总结（连词）1Introductory:Generallyspeaking,generally,asageneralrule,comparativelypeaking,comparatively,ingeneral,inasense,inonesense,inaway,tosomeextent,toacertaindegree,inmyopinion,inmyview,tomymind,asforme,asfarasIamconcerned,onapersonallevel,atanindividuallevel,fromapersonalandpsychologicalperspective,insomecases,insomeresects,onalargerscale,atalocallevel,totaketheideafurther,totaketheabovepointtoanextreme,puttingthediscussioninawidercontext,followingthesamelineof,traditionally,unfortunately,obviously,undoubtedly,practicallyspeaking,simplisticallyspeaking,economicallyspeaking,financiallyspeaking,intermsof,attheriskofsoundingtoocold,inaslightlycoldcalculation,attheriskofsoundingtoodirect2Comparison:similarly,likewise,inthesameway,equallyimportant,like,bothand.,thesameas.,(have)incommon,inanotdissimilarway3Contrast:onthecontrary,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,otherwise,unlike,insharpcontrast,whereas,ratherthan,conversely,instead,bycontrast4Exemplification:forexample,forinstance,asanexample,asacaseinpoint,asanillustration,suchas,namely,thatis,like,say5Enumeration:first,second,inthefirstplace,initially,firstofall,tobeginwith,tostartwith,firstandforemost,inthesecondplace,next,also,besides,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,whatismore,beyondthat,foronething,foranother,finally,supremely,eventually,6Cause:because,becauseof,as,since,for,owingto,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof.7Concession:although,nevertheless,however,but,yet,admittedly,itistruebut,inspiteof,eventhough,grantedthat,attheeverworse8Emphasis:chiefly,especially,indeed,infact,certainly,particularly,tobesure,actually,aboveall,surely,mostimportantofall,evenworse,nodoubt,needlesstosay,moreoftenthatnot.9Result:thus,so,consequently,hence,therefore,accordingly,asaresult,forthisreason,asaconsequence,onthataccount,itfollowsthat10Summary:inconclusion,inshort,inbrief,insummary,onthewhole,finally,tosumup,toconclude,inaword1) 表层次:first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first placesecond,secondly, to start with, still, furthermorethird,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not leastalso, and then, next, besidesand equally important too moreoverbesides in addtion finally2)表转折；by contrast although though yetat the same time but despitethe fact that even soin contrast nevertheless even though for all thatnotwithstanding on the contarary however in spite ofon the other hand otherwise instead stillregardless3)表因果；therfore consequently because of for the reasonthus hence due to owing toso accordingly thanks to on this accountsince as on that account in this wayfor as a result as a consequence4）表让步：still nevertheless concession granted naturallyin spite of all the same of course despiteeven so after all5)表递近：furthermore moreover likewise what is morebesides also not only.but also. too in addtion6)表举例：for example for instance for one thing that is to illustrate as an illustration a case in point7)表解释：as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namelyin other words8)表总结：in summary in a word thus as has been saidin brief in conclusion altogether in other wordsto conclude in fact finally in simpler termsindeed in short in particular that isin other words of course on the whole to put it differentlynamely in all therefore to summarize英语作文常用句型一、开头句型 我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。 在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。 Ihas both advantages and disadvantages既有利又有弊。例如： 1Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages 2Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages 3Compared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages 举一反三： 1Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages 2has many advantagesFor example，However，just as every coin has two sides，has its disadvantages（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。） IIplay（s）an important role part in在中扮演重要角色起重要作用。例如： 1Computers play an important role in science and technology 2Computers play a more and more important role in our life Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies 3Education plays an important part in developing our mind 4Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness 举一反三： 1Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life 2In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communicationBut now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place IIIWith the development of，随着的发展，例如： 1With the development of our economy，m any Chinese families can afford a car 2With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious 3With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home 4With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed 举一反三： 1With the rapid increase of Chinas population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious 随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。 2With more and more women entering society，peoples attitude towards women is changing 随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。 3With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese families can afford a car随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。 我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。 IVWhen it comes to，some people think believe that，others argue claim that opposite reverse is trueThere is probably some truth in both arguments statements，but当说到，有些人认为，但另一些人则持相反的观点。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但。 本结构先用when it comes to 引出话题，再用someothers 这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in both表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子： TV，a good thing or bad thing When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activitiesThere is probably some truth in both sidesBut we must realize that television itself is neither good or badIt is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society 二、结尾句型 英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。 Vtake measures to do sth例如： 1We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world 2Wed better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams 3The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse 4Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks常用句型二一，开头句型1.As far as .is concerned 2.It goes without saying that.3.It can be said with certainty that.4.As the proverb says5.It has to be noticed that.6.Its generally recognized that.7.Its likely that8.Its hardly that.Its hardly too much to say that.What calls for special attention is that.需要特别注意的是Theres no denying the fact that.毫无疑问，无可否认Nothing is more important than the fact that.whats far more important is that.二，衔接句型A case in point is .As is often the case.As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述But the problem is not so simple. Therefore然而问题并非如此简单，所以But its a pity that.For all that.In spite of the fact that.Further, we hold opinion that.However , the difficult lies in.Similarly, we should pay attention to.not(that).but(that).不是，而是In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势As has been mentioned above.In this respect, we many as well (say)从这个角度上我们可以说However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is.然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即三，结尾句型I will conclude by saying.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that.All things considered,总而言之It may be safely said that.Therefore, in my opinion, its more advisable.It can be concluded from the discussion that.从中我们可以得出这样的结论From my point of view, it would be better if.在我看来也许更好四，能句型Lets take.to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明lets take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.Its remains to be further studied.Theres question is how.so that, so.that.正式的英文写作.切忌不要使用“I”“You”“We”等等主观的称谓！The most common mistakes:1. Use of questions.If you use a question it means you are questioning and not proving your point.Questions are best to be left out of essays because they are very passive and sometimes make holes in your essay. When you confront a question, turn it into a statement:Example:What do you think that person should do?Change to:The person should do the following things to solve his/her problem.2. Use of and so on &etc.You cant put these in a formal essay. You must either identify what the so on and etc are or else just name three examples. The reader knows that you cannot possibly list every example or situation, but if you use so on and etc you are using non-formal language.Example: There are many types of religions in society: Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity and so on.Change to:There are many types of religions in society such as Judaism, buddhism, Christianity, Jehovah Witnesses and Hinduism.3. Using IWhen writing a formal essay, you cannot use I think I feel(and other I type statements. Instead, use words like one and phrases like the reader or the audience. The reason we do this is, first, the reader knows you wrote it and also that it is your opinion; therefore, I is not needed. It is not formal language to say I think, plus it is not needed.Examples:I think t hat cats are better than dogs.Change to:Cats are better than dogs.Take out all the I thinks, in my opinion, I will show, I will prove and any other personal phrases. Instead, make them into more general statements.4. Use of You Your We Us OurPlease do not use these words in a formal essay. Not only are they not formal language, but readers may be insulted if the author of the paper insinuates that You/We do something. It brings too personal of an approach to the writing and can make the reader uncomfortable.Examples:I think/ In my opinionChange to: more general statementsI think War is a pointless activity.War is a pointless activity.You/YourChange to:A person/ people/ His/ Her/ One/ OnesYou think that reading is boring.One may think that reading is boring.Our/ We/ Uschange to: His/ Her/ PeopleWe all have to work together for a better society.people need to work together in order to create a better society.英语作文常用词语和句型一开头用语：良好的开端等于成功的一半在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式-开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。 议论论文： A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantagesB. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,.D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view. 2. 书信：A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.B. I read an advertisement in todays China Daily and I apply for the job.C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.E. How nice to hear from you again.3. 口头通知或介绍情况：A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make.B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.4. 演讲稿：A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject - A Balance Diet and Health.B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest. 二并列用语：as well as, not onlybut (also), including,A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French. D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.三对比用语：on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ., though, for one thing ;for another, neverthelessA. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though.C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.四. 递进用语：even, besides, whats more, as for, sothat, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse A. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/whats more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location. 五. 例证用语：in ones opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely A. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily lifeB. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.六. 时序用语：first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, lets have coffee.B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.七. 强调用语：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth. , not at all , A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.B What in the world/on earth are you doing?八. 因果用语：thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of., owe .to.A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations. 九. 总结用语：in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all A. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted. 常用句型（一）段首句 1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为There are different opinions among people as toSome people suggest that 2. 俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。There is an old sayingIts the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是。Today, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, Second,What makes things worse is that.4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）。Nowadays，it is common to . Many people like because Besides，5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看来， Peoples opinions about vary from person to person. Some people say that To them, 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。Man is now facing a big problem which is becoming more and more serious. 8. 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出。很显然，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen thatwhile. Obviously，but why? （二）中间段落句 1. 相反，有一些人赞成，他们相信，而且，他们认为。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor oft the same time，they say2. 但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法，比如。最糟糕的是。But I dont think it is a very good way to solve .For example，Worst of all，.3. 对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，。而且，最重要的是 is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. First，Whats more, Most important of all,4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以。There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can5. 面临，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来。一方面，另一方面，Confronted withwe should take a series of effective measures to. For one thing，For another，6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说，另外。所有这些方法肯定会。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. In addition.All these measures will certainly.7. 为什么？第一个原因是；第二个原因是；第三个原因是。总的来说，的主要原因是由于 Why The first reason is that The second