浙江专用2018届高考英语总复习真题研练Week1Thursday含解析.docx

Week 1ThursdayTask 1：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015江苏，C)Suppose you become a leader in an organization.Its very likely that youll want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities.To do so，it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer.Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.For example，people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness，to expand their range of experiences，and to strengthen social relationships.If volunteer positions do not meet these needs，people may not wish to participate.To select volunteers，you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so.To increase levels of community service，some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs.Unfortunately，these programs can shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g.，“I volunteer because its important to me”) to an external factor (e.g.，“I volunteer because Im required to do so”)When that happens，people become less likely to volunteer in the future.People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer，what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question，researchers have conducted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time.For instance，one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year.One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.Although this result may not surprise you，it leads to important practical advice.The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role.It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers expectations，they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer.These results，once again，lead to concrete advice：“Once an individual begins volunteering，continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”【语篇解读】本文讲述了志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过三个实验分析志愿者的意图。1People volunteer mainly out of _Aacademic requirementsBsocial expectationsCfinancial rewardsDinternal needs答案D细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，人们从事志愿活动出于几个动机，如表达个人价值观、丰富个人经历、增强社会关系等，如果志愿工作的岗位不能满足这些需求，人们或许就不愿参加了。由此可推知，人们从事志愿活动主要是出于个人的内在需求，故D项符合题意。2What can we learn from the Florida study?AFollowup studies should last for one year.BVolunteers should get mentally prepared.CStrategy training is a must in research.DVolunteers are provided with concrete advice.答案B推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The researchers note that attention should be given to training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”可知，研究者指出，应该注意让志愿者对棘手的情形有所准备，给他们提供应对困难的策略。故B项符合题意。3What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?AIndividual differences in role identity.BPublicly identifiable volunteer Tshirts.CRole identity as a volunteer.DPractical advice from researchers.答案C细节理解题。由最后一段第二句中的“It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be more likely to continue volunteer work.”可知，志愿者的角色认同感才是他们继续从事志愿活动的关键。故C项符合题意。4What is the best title of the passage?AHow to Get People to VolunteerBHow to Study Volunteer BehaviorsCHow to Keep Volunteers InterestDHow to Organize Volunteer Activities答案A标题归纳题。文章先由“为什么人们会做志愿者”开始，然后结合两组调查研究说明了人们能长时间做志愿者工作的原因，其最终目的是为了使人们参与到志愿者工作当中去，故A项符合题意。Task 2：用英语简要概述本文大意答案The passage tells us why volunteers are willing to serve the community, and what gets them interested in the work.Task 3：词汇积累1undertake v承担；从事2identify vt.鉴定；辨认出3motivate vt.激发(兴趣或欲望)；给与动机4launch v发起；推出；发射；使(船)下水 n发射5external adj.外来的；外部的6be sensitive to对感到敏感7strategy n策略；战略8cope with 对付9individual n个人 adj.个人的10role identity角色认同Task 4：攻克长难句It was assumed that those peo