形容词、副词高复.ppt

形容词.副词,形容词,形容词修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。在句中作定语、表语、补语和状语。 作定语：We are having a wonderful time. Jenny is a nice girl. 形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词修饰不定代词的时候，要放在这些词之后，例如： 1. I have something important to tell you. 2.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper?,作表语： He is very thin. She got angry. Mary looks younger than Joan. 作补语：宾语或主语补足语 I consider Jim honest. Who left the door open?. Money was also thought important.,作状语：修饰另一形容词，或作独立成分 icy cold. real good.wide open. dark red Frightened,she asked me to go with her.,某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如： the dead the living the rich the poor the blind the hungry The poor are getting poorer and the rich richer. We should respect the aged and love the young.,有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。 the British the English the French the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor.,副词： 修饰动词、形容词、其它副词及全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等 The students watched him quietly. Zhou Lan performed fairly well. “What happened?”I asked rather sharply. Unfortunately,he wasnt at home when we came. She cant get married yet,She is not old enough. The food was too hot to eat.,形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 有三个比较等级，即原级, 比较级和最高级。 一般说来，表示“等于”时用原级。如： Im just as busy today as I was yesterday. 我今天和昨天一样忙。 表示二者的比较时用比较级。如： Im much busier today than I was yesterday. 我今天比昨天忙多了。 表示“最”时用最高级。如： That was the busiest day of my life. 那是我一生中最忙的一天。,1）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的变化规则： 单音节词末尾加-er和-est great - greater- greatest 单音节词如以-e结尾，只加-r和-st brave -braver -bravest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est bigbigger- biggest hot hotter- hottest 少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er，和-est(以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词仍只加-r和-st),happy -happier - happiest clever -cleverer - cleverest narrow -narrower- narrowest 其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most difficult - more difficult - most difficult Quicklymore quickly-most quickly Carefullymore carefullymost carefully,分词形容词的比较等级一律用more和most，如： worn more worn most worn tired more tired most tired Interesting more interesting most interesting,英语里有些形容词和副词的比较等级变化是不规则的。 不定代词many, much, little, new和形容词一样亦有比较等级 elder和eldest在英国英语里只可表家庭成员之年长关系，如his elder brother, his eldest child。但在美国英语里，不论指“老、旧”或“长幼”，皆用older和oldest。,4、形容词副词比较级、最高级的基本用法 1)原级常用于“as+ 原级+ as”结构。如： Hes as tall as I. 他和我一样高。(口语中一般用me) He likes her as much as he likes his sister. 他很喜欢她，同喜欢他的姐妹一样。 否定的原级用not asas或not soas，二者一般无区别。如： He does not smoke so heavily as his brother. 他没有他兄弟抽烟抽得凶。,2)比较级常用于“比较级+ than”结构。如： He is taller than I. 他比我高。(口语中一般用me) She sees me more often than she sees her brother. 她见我比见她弟弟更经常。 否定比较与否定原级一样，也用not as(so)as结构，也可用lessthan结构。 This word is less frequent in British English than in American English. 这个词在英国英语里比在美国英语里少见。,3)最高级常用于“the+ 最高级+ 比较范围”结构，比较范围为短语或从句。副词最高级前the常可省去。如： This is the best picture in the hall. 这是大厅里最好的一张画。(比较范围为短语) This is the best picture that he has ever painted. 这是他所画的画当中最好的一幅。(比较范围为从句) 在一定的上下文中，表示“比较范围”的短语或从句可省去。如： This is the best possible answer. 这是最好的回答了。 He sings (the) best in the class. 他在班上唱得最好。,比较级的其它用法 比较级前可用many, much, far, a little, a bit, slightly, a great(good)deal, a lot, completely等词语表示不定度量。如： The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。 The sun is a lot bigger and brighter than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多、亮得多。 比较级前可用any和no。如： He was too tired to walk any further. 他太累了，走不动了。 The train is no longer in sight. 列车再也看不见了,比较级可与even, still, yet等副词连用表示“更加”。如： In that small room he seemed even bigger than I remembered him. 在那个小房间里，他的块头似乎显得比我所记得的更加大了。 We are working still harder now. 现在我们工作更加努力。,表示“越来越”用“比较级+ and+ 比较级”结构或“more and more+ 原级”，这种结构不可后接than从句。如： Things are getting better and better every day. 情况一天一天好起来。 He is becoming more and more active in sports. 他越来越积极参加体育运动。,表示“越，就越”常用“副词the+ 比较级，副词the+ 比较级”结构。前者是状语从句，后者是主句。如： The more, the better. 越多越好。 The harder she worked, the more progress she made. 她工作越努力，进步越大。,九种句型,1.主语+谓语+as +形容词（副词）+as +被比对象 2.主语+谓语+no +形容词或副词比较级+than +被比对象 3.主语+谓语+形容词或副词的比较级+（名词）+than +被比对象 4.主语+谓语+more (less)+形容词或副词+than +被比对象 5.主语+be +the 形容词的最高级+（名词）+范围词 6.主语+谓语+副词的最高级+范围词 7.主语+be +the most (lest)+形容词+（名词）+范围词 8.主语+谓语+the most (lest)+副词+范围词 9.The +形容词（副词）的比较级+（其它），the +形容词（副词）的比较级+（其它）,Exercises改错,China has larger population than any other country. Jenny swims better than I, but she doesnt swim as well as my sister. The film was better than I had expected. I got to the station ten minutes earlier than John. The cleverest boy in our class is Peter. Kate said that she didnt feel very well today. The weather in Shanghai is very warmer than that in Beijing.,1） Tony is going camping with _ boys. A.little two other B. two little other C.two other little D.little other two 答案：C。由“限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词”的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。 2) One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是： 年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。 3) - How was your recent visit to Qingdao? - It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the _days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；,4） - Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better B 答案B any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better . 5）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通， 但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。 6）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案D,7）The weather in China is different from_. A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America 答案.本题意为“中国的天气比美国热。”比较的是天气而不是国家， C不能选。A没有名词，后句