2018学年广州市高三英语词汇竞赛（201801）

2019学年广州市高三英语词汇竞赛（2019 - 01）English Vocabulary Competition for Senior 3（完成时间：40-45分钟；满分：100分）1、 选择最佳答案 (1x40=40) 1. The Chinese _ for crisis consists of two words Wei Ji, the former meaning danger and the latter referring to opportunities.A. expression B. impressionC. explanation D. information2. Nowadays some protective parents want to _ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.A. spot B. dismissC. shelter D. distinguish3. If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my _ reaction will be to tell thepolice.A. physical B. immediateC. sensitive D. sudden4. Fearing unemployment, almost one million people sat Chinas civil service examination in order to get _ jobs.A. proper B. suitable C. generous D. secure5. This telephone bill is _ a mistake. It says I owe 3 million dollars. A. accidentally B. purposefullyC. obviously D. formally6. A good teacher should leave some time for the students to _ the information they receive in class.A. introduce B. receiveC. digest D. accept7. The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as its battery _ quickly.A. shuts up B. ends upC. runs out D. turns out8. John worked hard at his lessons and gained _ to a famous university.A. permission B. admissionC. agreement D. freedom9. The population of Africa is _ so rapidly that experts fear there may be food shortages in some regions. A. expanding B. stretchingC. extending D. spreading10. Helen devoted herself _ to her research and became a top scientist in the field of applied physics.A. seriously B. extremelyC. strictly D. entirely 11. The US will stop _ to green climate funds because they feel they are paying too much. A. attaching B. contributingC. opposing D. referring12. When you _ money from the bank, compares your signature with the one in its files to see if it is authentic.A. depositB. dismissC. remove D. withdraw13. Plans are underway for a new _ at the airport. A. carriageB. harbourC. strait D. terminal14. Unfortunately, by the time the ambulance arrived he was _. A. unbearable B. uncomfortableC. unconscious D. unemployed15. The proposal was _ as too conservative by the committee. A. declinedB. rejectedC. refused D. resisted16. Among her many _ are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. A. virtues B. varietiesC. victories D. victims17. Cheney is everyones image of a(n) _ policeman: six feet, 220 pounds and slow thinking. A. typical B. initialC. mature D. merciful 18. The spread of _ areas endangers wildlife. A. disaster B. suspensionC. urban D. remote 19. A lot of the comments were apparently _ and general. A. specific B. vague C. constructive D. fair20. We know that taste in art is a(n) _ matter. A. impressiveB. objectiveC. persuasive D. subjective21. The printed word is no _ for personal discussion with a great thinker. A. substituteB. considerationC. provision D. allowance 22. The government is trying to do something to _ better understanding between the two countries.A. raiseB. promoteC. heighten D. increase23. In childrens minds the Spring Festival is _ with nice food and presents.A. connectedB. joined C. combined D. associated24. To _ the success in the World Cup, the Chinese team have been practising very hard over the past few months.A. insureB. assumeC. ensure D. secure25. The soldier was_ of running away when the enemy attacked.A. scoldedB. chargedC. accused D. punished26. Hes watching TV? Hes _ to be clearing his room!A. knownB. supposed C. regarded D. considered27. If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not _ going to the doctor.A. put offB. hold back C. put aside D. hold up28. He seemed to have come to a roadblock in solving the problem, so he simply _whatever came into his head.A. put asideB. put away C. put back D. put down29. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _ to be a great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned in C. turned out D. turned down30. People could hardly _ their anger when they found millions of dollars of public funds had been used to build luxurious houses for city officials.A. hold backB. draw back C. hold over D. hold up同义词选择 从A、B、C、D中选出可替换句中画线部分的最佳选项。31. All the time, the captain tried to preserve our good spirits by telling stories and talking hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.A. protect B. refresh C. keep D. content32. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.A. rigid B. absurd C. fantastic D. boring33. He denied taking money, but we were skeptical . A. significant B sure C. remarkable D. doubtful34. You can judge a man by just a few remarks.A. words B. sound C. raw D. meetings35. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.A. fragrant B. ornate C. abnormal D. fragile36. The quality and number of a citys public roads offer an excellent means of gauging its prosperity.A. protecting B. enriching C. tracing D. judging37. In the United States there are numerous federal, state and local programs aimed at combating air pollution.A. fighting B. limiting C. prohibiting D. avoiding38. Ten names were deleted from the list of those invited to attend the conference.A. suggested for B. absorbed from C. removed from D. included in 39. A dogs sense of smell is keener than that of a human being.A. more interesting B. more acute C. more appropriate D. more useful40. The flowers on the table were a manifestation of the childs love for his mother.A. demonstration B. (an) explanation C. combination D. satisfaction2. 阅读理解 (3X10= 30)(A)The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetimes knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity? The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated（复杂）than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form. Previous behavioral studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. But in a new study, researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain. In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to relevant information, without old memories interfering. And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference. When we acquire new information, the brain automatically tries to incorporate（合并）it within existing information by forming associations. And when we retrieve（检索）information, both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled. The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated. A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome. In a sense, forgetting is our brains way of sorting memories, so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our brain doesnt become too full.41. What have past behavioral studies found about our brain?A. Its capacity actually knows no limits.B. It grows sophisticated with practice.C. It keeps our most precious memories until lifes end. D. New information learned pushes old information out.42. What is the benefit of forgetting? A. It frees us from painful memories. B. It helps slow down our aging process. C. It facilitates our access to relevant information.D. It prevents old information from forming associations.43. What is the emphasis of current studies of memory?A. When people tend to forget. B. What contributes to forgetting. C. How new technology hinders memory capacity.D. Why learning and forgetting are complementary. 44. What do people find about their rare ability to remember every detail of their life? A. It adds to the burden of their memory. B. It makes their life much easier. C. It contributes to their success in life. D. It constitutes a rare object of envy. 45. What does the passage say about forgetting? A. It can enlarge our brain capacity. B. It helps get rid of negative memories. C. It is a way of organizing our memories. D. It should not cause any alarm in any way.(B)That was two years after her fathers death and a short time after her sweetheart the one we believed would marry her had deserted her. After her fathers death she went out very little; after her sweetheart went away, people hardly saw her at all. A few of the ladies had the nerve to call, but were not received, and the only sign of life about the place was the Negro man a young man then going in and out with a market basket.Just as if a man any man could keep a kitchen properly, the ladies said; so they were not surprised when the smell developed. It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.A neighbor, a woman, complained to the mayor, Judge Stevens, eighty years old.But what will you have me do about it, madam? he said.Why, send her word to stop it, the woman said. Isnt there a law? Im sure that wont be necessary, Judge Stevens said. Its probably just a snake or a rat that servant of hers killed in the yard. Ill speak to him about it.The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in timid deprecation. We really must do something about it, Judge. Id be the last one in the world to bother Miss Emily, but weve got to do something. That night the Board of Aldermen met three graybeards and one younger man, a member of the rising generation.Its simple enough, he said. Send her word to have her place cleaned up. Give her a certain time to do it in, and if she doesnt.Dammit, sir, Judge Stevens said, will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?So the next night, after midnight, four men crossed Miss Emilys lawn and slunk about the house like burglars, sniffing along the base of the brickwork and at the cellar openings while one of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of a sack slung from his shoulder. They broke open the cellar door and sprinkled lime there, and in all the outbuildings. As they recrossed the lawn, a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it, the light behind her, and her upright torso motionless as that of an idol. They crept quietly across the lawn and into the shadow of the locusts that lined the street. After a week or two the smell went away.That was when people had begun to feel really sorry for her. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-aunt, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and such. We had long thought of them as a picture, Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the back-flung front door. So when she got to be thirty and was still single, we were not pleased exactly, but vindicated; even with insanity in the family she wouldnt have turned down all of her chances if they had really materialized. 46. What did the Negro man possibly do in the family? A. He was an adopted son.B. He worked as a servant.C. He kept the family alive.D. He helped kill the snakes and rats.47. What did the ladies mean by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?A. Men were good at cleaning kitchen in a proper way.B. The Negro man seemed to keep the kitchen properly.C. Men were not able to manage the kitchen well. D. Men were very likely to make a kitchen smelly.48. What was the attitude of Judge Stevens towards the complaints initially? A. He remained neutral without giving suggestions.B. He considers the complaints unreasonable. C. He thought it was the Negro man to blame.D. He thought they were trivial and could be easily solved.49. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Four men tried to sow something in Emilys lawn after midnight. B. Emily probably noticed some ones cross on her lawn.C. The four men tried to find out where the smell came.D. The smell was finally got rid of by the four men.50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Emilys great aunt was driven crazy by her father.B. Emily looked down upon the young men who were not rich.C. Emilys family was too distinguished to be appreciated.D. Emilys father had set lots of barriers for her pursuers.第二卷 （满分30分）2、 选词填空（1.5X20=30）请用所给的词完成短文，每个词只能用一次。所给的词中有两个是多余的。(A)A. relax B. slaves C. survived D. distracted E. disease F. fast G. divided H. affordable I. control J. accessible K. drawing L. companionHello, Mr. Wi-Fi. Life without you is next to impossible. Were happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. Though I know you help me, sometimes youre making me do things with 1 attention. Many times I promise myself that Ill keep in my feelings towards you, but youre 2 me closer and closer Youve entered both my home and my workplace. Youre just a window for our entertainment and information. But we people arent satisfied only with the window. So we open all our doors for you. Is this a(n) 3 or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment will you commit me to the lifelong togetherness?Cant you take a few days off so that both you and I can 4 ? Youre a poison not a slow one but a super 5 poison which holds our mind and makes us dance to its tune. Nowadays youre so 6 that anyone can buy and make you our 7 . Youll never be bothered about our health but well always be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.If you were a real person made of flesh and blood would we love you the same? You 8 us with your numerous talents and we even cant get rid of you. Were all your 9 . Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations 10 , but if they did why cant we?(B)A. methods B. place C. sick D. stolen E. true F. replaced G. missed H. cruel I. characters J. feared K. tellL. tallTales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. In particular, there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies (仙女) . Not all of these fairies are the friendly, people-loving 1 that appear in Disney films, and in some folktales they are 2 and cause much human suffering. This is 3 in the tales about the Changeling. These _4_ the story of a mother whose baby grows _5_ and pale and has changed so much that he is almost unrecognizable to the parents. It was then _6_that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and _7_ the human baby with a fairy Changeling. There were many ways to prevent this from happening: hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothes were just two of the recommended _8_. However, hope was not lost even if the baby had been _9_. In those cases there was often a way to get the real baby back. You could _10_ the Changeling on the fire then it would rise up the chimney, and you would hear the sound of fairies laughter and soon after you would find your own child safe and sound nearby.附加题：Reading：（2.5 X4=10）Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why theyre always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. Its iniquitous, they say, that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why dont they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, its the consumer who paysThe poor old consumer! Hed have to pay a great deal more if advertising didnt create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the