2017年高考英语大冲刺备考“最后30天”专题十特殊句式.docx

专题十 特殊句式试题1 部分倒装例 题Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ having a holiday abroad.Ahe had consideredBhad he consideredChe considered Ddid he consider【解析】句意：直到他三年前从教学岗位上退休，他才考虑去国外度假。否定意义的副词置于句首时，要采用部分倒装语序；且本题采用一般过去时，故D项正确。【答案】D例 题试题2 强调句It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa.Awhen Bthat Cafter Dsince【解析】强调的是时间状语，故用that来引导。句意：是在克里斯托弗哥伦布横渡大西洋80年前，郑和就已经航海到了非洲东部。故选B项。【答案】B 基础回归常考特殊句式：A.倒装句倒装语序，分全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前，部分倒装是把助动词、情态动词、be动词放在主语之前。我们要重点掌握部分倒装。1.由as、though、that引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置2.含有否定意义的副词、连接词放在句首引起的部分倒装3.“so（nor, neither）+助动词 + 主语”与“so（nor, neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别4.省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装5.not until 置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装6.only 短语置于句首引起的部分倒装句型详讲：1)由as、though、that、引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置，主语是代词时不倒装。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形as主语其他。Clever as he is，he doesnt study well.虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。Child as he is，he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略Much as I like it，I wont buy it.虽然我非常喜欢它，但我不买。Try as she might, she failed.虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。=Although she try as she can, she failed .2)含有否定意义的副词、连接词放在句首引起的部分倒装表示否定的副词 never，nor，neither,表示半否定意义的副词 hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的词组 by no means（决不），in no time（很快），at no time（在任何时候都不），（在任何情况下都不）not until，not only.but also，no sooner.thanhardly.when/scarcely.when。倒装结构：“否定词助动词/情态动词主语其他”，注意复合句倒装的是主句。Never have I been in this city.我从没到过这座城市。Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。3)“so（nor, neither）+助动词 + 主语”“so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意为“也，同样，也如此”。“neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词主语” 表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物。注意:当so表示对前句内容的肯定、符合，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然语序。意为 “的确，正是”。Tom works hard.汤姆工作很卖力。So he does and so do you.的确如此，你也是。倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。If you dont go，neither/nor shall I.（If you dont go，I shall not go.）你不去，我也不去。注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。She does well in English，but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.她英语学得好，但数学学得差，露茜也是如此。4）省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装，如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，should，were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装If it hadnt been for their help，we couldnt have finished the work on time.Hadnt it been for their help，we couldnt have finished the work on time.要不是由于他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那项工作。5）在not until ，hardlywhen，no soonerthan置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装主句须部分倒装Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow他一到，天就下起雪来了。6）only 短语置于句首引起的部分倒装“only副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句”开头的句子Only then did I realize the importance of English.直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。Only in this way can you make progress in your English.只有通过这种方式你学英语才会取得进步。B强调句1.陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（主、宾、状）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who . 2.一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面3.特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？When and where was it that you were born?4.注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was ，其余的时态用It is 5. not until 句型的强调句句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分普通句：He didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 规范训练选择题（25分/25min）1It is comforting to see that _，we are doing our part for the environment.Aas small may be we Bas we may be smallCsmall as may be we Dsmall as we may be【解析】考查倒装。句意：很欣慰看到我们都在为环境尽自己的一份力，尽管我们可能是渺小的。此处考查as引导让步状语从句时构成的部分倒装，语序应为“形容词/名词as主语谓语”，故D项正确。【答案】D2We pursue happiness，thinking one day we will find it. But _ it by seeking it.Ararely will we find Brarely we will findCrarely will find we Drarely find we will【解析】考查倒装。句意：我们追求幸福，想着总有一天会找到幸福。但是，我们几乎不能通过一味追求幸福而找到幸福。否定副词放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。【答案】A3I am certain by no means _ his word since he has promised an amount of money to the poor.Ahe will break Bwill he breakCbroke Ddid he break【解析】考查倒装。句意：我确信既然他答应捐一笔钱给穷人，他绝不会食言的。by no means“绝不”为表示否定意义的介词短语，置于句首时，其后面的主谓语要部分倒装，根据句意可知空处需用一般将来时，故选B。【答案】B4We have been told that under no circumstances _ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.Amay we use Bwe may useCwe could use Ddid we use【解析】考查倒装句。句意：我们被告知在任何情况下我们都不能在办公室使用电话办私事。根据句意可知本句时态不是过去时，而是在阐述一个规定，may表示“可能，可以”，故选A。【答案】A5_ about the man wearing sunglasses during night that he was determined to follow him.ASo curious the detective wasBSo curious was the detectiveCHow curious was the detectiveDHow curious the detective was【解析】考查倒装。句意：那个侦探对于夜里戴墨镜的那个人如此好奇以至于他决定跟踪他。“so .that .”句型中，如果将“so形容词/副词”置于句首，主句主谓需部分倒装，故选B。【答案】B6Unsatisfied _ with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience.Athough was he Bthough he wasChe was though Dwas he though【解析】考查倒装。本句可还原为：Though he was unsatisfied with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience. Though引导让步状语从句时可使用倒装结构，将作表语的形容词和名词或作状语的副词提前至句首，主谓不倒装。【答案】B7_ has brought worldwide attention to China?Rapid and steady economic growth，of course.AWhat do you think it isBWhat do you think is itCWhat do you think it is thatDWhat do you think is it that【解析】考查含插入语的特殊疑问句的强调句型。句意：“你认为是什么使得全世界关注中国？”“当然是快速、稳定的经济增长。”本题的解题思路是：I think rapid and steady economic growth has brought worldwide attention to China.然后就rapid and steady economic growth提问变为特殊疑问句，即What do you think has brought worldwide attention to China？然后考虑What has brought worldwide attention to China？的强调句型是：What is it that has brought worldwide attention to China？最后考虑本句中特殊疑问句的强调句作you think的宾语，故需用陈述句语序，即What do you think it is that has brought worldwide attention to China？故选C。【答案】C8. It was not until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.AwhoBthat CwhereDbefore【解析】句意：我直到来到这儿才意识到此处出名的不仅是它的美而且还有这里的天气。判断强调句式的方法是将it is/was.that去掉时句式是否完整。不难看出此处是强调not until引导的时间状语。【答案】B9. Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.Ahad sheBshe had Chas she Dshe has【解析】表示否定意义的副词(词组)位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装，故排除B、D两项；根据语境并结合定语从句的时态可判断应使用现在完成时，排除A项。【答案】C10. This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently.Ais thereBthere is Cis it Dit is【解析】nor 放在句首，表示“也不”时，常用倒装结构。句意：这不是我的故事，它也不是整个故事。主语应该是it而不是there be句型。故选C项。【答案】C11. Only after Mary read her composition the second time_ the spelling mistake.Adid she notice Bshe noticedC does she notice Dshe has noticed【解析】句意：直到玛丽第二遍读完她的作文后，她才注意到其中的拼写错误。only及其所修饰的状语(从句)位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。【答案】A12. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _ it a thought.Adoes he even giveBhe even givesCwill he even giveDhe will even give【解析】nor“也不”，表示否定的词位于句首，句子用部分倒装，故排除B、D两项；根据前后时态一致原则，排除A项。句意：校长不会允许课程的改变，他甚至不会给予考虑。故选C项。【答案】C13. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or_.AwhoeverBwherever CwhateverDhowever【解析】句意：当你阅读完那本书，就把它给露西或海伦，或者是其他的任何人。根据give it to Lucy or Helen可知，是把书给某个人。wherever“无论何地”；whatever“无论什么”；however“无论如何”；只有whoever“无论谁，任何人”符合题意。故选A项。【答案】A14.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，_？Ais thereBisnt thereCis heDisnt he【解析】一般来说，复合句后面的反义疑问句应根据主句构成，可排除C、D两项；该题主句中有否定意义的little，所以反问时用肯定形式，答案为A项。【答案】A15Only with the greatest of luck _ to escape from the rising flood waters.Amanaged she Bshe managedCdid she manageDshe did manage【解析】“only状语”置于句首，句子采用部分倒装。【答案】C16Was it by cutting down staff _ she saved the firm?No, it was by improving work efficiency.Awhen Bwhat ChowDthat【解析】it was.that.引出强调句，该句强调方式状语。【答案】D17. Only when he reached the teahouse _ it was the same place hed been in last year.Ahe realizedBhe did realizeCrealized heDdid he realize【解析】句意：只是当他到了茶馆的时候，他才意识到这就是他去年来的地方。本题考查倒装。only 修饰状语置于句首时，句子(主句)需部分倒装，故答案为D项。【答案】D18.Its nice. Never before _ such a special drink!Im glad you like it.AI have had BI had Chave I had Dhad I【解析】句意：太棒了。我以前从来没喝过这么独特的饮料！很高兴您喜欢。本题考查倒装句。否定副词 never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely 及表示否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，后面的主语、谓语部分需部分倒装，根据题意可知，设空处应该用现在完成时态，所以正确答案为C项。【答案】C19. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a decision.Athey reachedBdid they reachCthey reachDdo they reach【解析】句意：直到他们讨论了那个问题几个小时之后才作出决定。本题考查倒装句。only 修饰状语(从句)置于句首时，后面的句子要部分倒装，排除A、C项；根据题干中的过去完成时可知设空处应该用过去时，故排除D项，答案为B项。【答案】B20.Its not what we do once in a while _ shapes our lives，but what we do consistently.Awhich Bthat ChowDwhen【解析】句意：影响我们生活的不是我们偶尔做什么，而是我们一贯做什么。考查强调句型的用法。强调部分是句子的主语，空格部分应是强调句型中的 that，故选B项。【答案】B21Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?Of course, I have. It was in our village _ it was made.AthatBwhere CwhenDwhich【解析】句意：你看过电影山楂树之恋吗？我当然看过。那部电影就是在我们村拍摄的。本题考查强调句型用法。被强调部分为 in our village，如改为普通句型为：It was made in o