语法部分：过去分词做补语复习.ppt

Past Participles used as object complement （过去分词做宾语补足语）,Unit 2 Grammar,课本例句,1). Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2).Finally by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. 3).You find most of the population settled in the south,repair injure cut watch paint break damage steal beat bite rob knock find,repaired injured cut watched painted broke damaged stole beat bit robbed knocked found,repaired injured cut watched painted broken damaged stolen beaten bitten robbed knocked found,作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系,及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。 例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。,2. 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。 例如： She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。,重点： 3. 动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语（状态）而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。 例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。,使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave 等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表： “致使某人或某事被” V+sb/sth+p.p.,Eg. We should keep them informed of what is going on here. 我们应该让他们知道这里发生了什么。,Eg. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists. 简在诊所拔掉了坏牙。,需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况,I had my recorder repaired.,(I asked somebody else to repair it.),I had the room cleaned.,(I organized it.),He had his foot injured.,(something bad happened.),He got his leg injured.,He got his glasses broken.,He got his camera damaged.,He got his wallet stolen.,2 .感官动词feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等 表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后， 表：“感受到某人或某事被做”。 V+sb/sth+p.p.,Eg. I was sleeping when I heard my name called. 我睡觉的时候我听到有人叫我的名字。,Eg. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down. 他失望地发现自己的建议被拒绝。,I saw him _,beat,beaten by his mother.,I saw _,bite,a boy bitten by a dog.,I saw_,knock down,him knocked down by a car.,I saw _,rob,him robbed by a man.,I saw him _,taken to the hospital.,I saw him beaten by his mother.,I saw him bitten by a dog.,I saw him robbed by a man.,I saw him knocked down by a car.,I saw him taken to the hospital.,Fill in the blanks.,I heard someone _me. I heard my name_.,I found Tom _ the window. I found the window _,calling,called,break,broken.,I had my watch repaired. I had my room cleaned. I had my foot injured.,She found his hair cut. She found his clothes washed. She found his room cleaned.,have sth./sb. done,find sth./sb done,He got his leg injured. He got his camera damaged. He got his glasses broken.,get sth./sb done,I saw him beaten by his mother. I saw him bitten by a dog. I saw him robbed by a man.,see sth./sb. done,I made him punished.,make sth./sb. done,I watched him killed.,watch sth./sb done,3. 表示“意欲；命令”的动词如 ：like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be ，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做” V+sb/sth+to be+p.p.,Eg. I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible. 我希望这封信（被）尽快打印出来。,Eg. He didnt want such question discussed at the meeting. 他不想这样的问题在会上讨论。,4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态，这时过去分词改作主语补足语，说明主语所处的状态,Eg. The door was found broken. 发现门被打破了。,Eg. Her bag was found stolen when she woke up. 她醒时，发现包被偷了。,5.“with 宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 例如：,Eg. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）,Eg. With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）,Eg. With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）,注意：,在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。 Eg. She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视 （ fix ones eyes on 为固定短语，因此，不可将句中 fixed 换为 fixing ） eg. He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。,当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。,Eg. She felt her heart beating fast. 她觉得心跳很快。 （beat 意为“心跳”，是不及物动词）,过去分词与不定式,现在分词作宾补的 区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。,I saw her come into the classroom.,I saw her coming into the classroom.,I saw her taken out of the classroom.,省略to的情况：,1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to) 2）使役动词 let, have, make 3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。 注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night.,Exercise:,The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_the next year. A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 2.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _went wrong again. A.it B. it repaired C.repaired D. to be repaired,3.With a lot of difficult problems_, the newlyelected president is having a hard time. A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled 4.With trees,flowers and grass_ everywhere, my native town had taken anew look. A.planting B.planted C.to plant D.to be planted,5. She was glad to see her child well_ care of. A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking 6.The result of the entrance exams was not made _to the public until last Thursday. A.knowing B. known C.to know D.to be known,7. I can make you _what I say,but you cant make yourself_in English. A.understand; understand B.understand, understood C.to understand, understand D.understand; to be understood,8.He found them_at a table_ A.sat; to play chess B.sitting; to play chess C.seated; playing chess D.seat; play the chess 9. John rushed out in a hurry,_ the door_. A.leaving; unlocked B.le