自主学习阶段1知识精讲1parta看另一个即可a10ias

IAS12eTaxcharge/etaxCurrenttaxDeferredtax

(statementofprofitor1CurrentCurrenttaxistheamountpayabletothe relationtothetradingactivitiesoftheYouwouldcalculatetheamountoftaxduetobepaidon 'staxableprofitsandwiththisamountyouDEBITetax-currenttax(statementofprofitorloss)CREDITTaxpayable(Currentliability)2DifferencebetweencurrentanddeferredThedifferencebetweencurrentanddeferredCurrenttaxistheamountactuallypayabletotheinrelationtothetradingactivitiesoftheentityduringtheDeferredtaxisanaccountingmeasure,usedtomatchthetaxeffectsoftransactionswiththeiraccountingimpactandtherebyproducelessdistortedresults.【MJ：递延所得税源自会税差异】3Deferredtax-JonquilCobuysequipmentfor$50,000on1January20X1anddepreciatesitonastraightlinebasisoveritsexpectedusefullifeoffiveyears.Ithasnoothernon-currentassets.Fortaxpurposes,theequipmentisdepreciatedat25%perannumonastraightlinebasis.Accountingprofitbeforetaxfortheyears20X1to20X5$20,000perannum.Thetaxrateis40%.Showthecalculationsofcurrentanddeferredtaxforthe20X1toThetaxchargetoprofitorlosswillbeas$$$$$ProfitfortheAddbackDeducttax-••Dretax-Current•CrTaxThedifferencesbetweenaccountingandtaxdepreciationontheequipmentwill$$$$$-CurrentAfitbeforedep.TotalProfitbefore

etaxinprofitorDretax-CurrentCrTaxDreCr

AccountingdepreciationTaxdepreciationCurrenttax＠40%Deferredtaxadjustment*etaxinprofitorlossDretax-CurrentCrTaxDretax-Deferredtax

4Deferredtax-ProvisionandAccountingCurrentDeferredtaxetaxinprofitorDTL@20X1-Dretax-DeferredtaxCrDeferredtax收了1000的税Currenttax。我深知出来混总是要还的，于是每年都很自觉的把少向税务局交的税1000Deferredtax计提YY上，四年累计YY了4000的义务DTL】 Deferredtax etaxinprofitor DTL@ Dre-CurrentDrDeferredtaxCretax-Deferred

税递延所得税Deferredtax的结局，学名Deferredtaxreversal

Deferredtax-Provision*Deferredtax-Reversal*DTL@12/31

0MJ：当税务局让我多抵扣少向我征收Taxpayable&Currenttax这个YY的义务称为DTL&Deferredtax。当 得交税Taxpayable&Currenttax后，当然我过去未雨绸缪YY的义务DTL&Deferredtax也就烟消云散。WhydowerecognisedeferredAdjustmentsfordeferredtaxaremadeinaccordancewithaccrualsandinaccordancewiththedefinitionofaliabilityintheConceptualFramework,ieapasteventhasgivenrisetoanobligationintheformofincreasedtaxationwhichaccruals【MJ：会税差异导致了报表的，为了解决这种会计BasicprinciplesofDeferredBasicprinciplesofDeferredDeferredtaxisthetaxattributabletotemporarydifferences,whicharedifferencesbetweenthecarryingamountofanassetorliabilityinthestatementoffinancialpositionanditstaxbase.Thetaxbaseofanassetistheamountwhichwillbedeductibleagainsttaxableeconomicbenefitsfromrecoveringthecarryingamountoftheasset.Whererecoveryofanassetwillhavenotaxconsequences,thetaxbaseisequaltothecarryingamount.Taxabletemporarydifferences(amountstaxableinthefuture)generateadeferredtaxliability.Deductibletemporarydifferences(amountstaxdeductibleinthefuture)generateadeferredtaxasset.Deferredtax-TheTemporarydifferencesofntwill$$$$$$-Taxbaseat----Deferredtaxliability--Deferredtax=Deferredtax-IllustrationAdeferredtaxassetariseswherethetaxbaseofassetexceedsthecarryingDeferredtaxassetsarenotrecognisedwhereitismorelikelythannotthattheassetswillnotberealisedinthefuture.Theevaluationofdeferredtaxassets’recoverabilityrequiresjudgementstobemaderegardingtheavailabilityoffuturetaxablee.生】，会计上提前YYtaxOtherDevelopmentDevelopmentcostsarecapitalisedunderIAS38,butareoftentaxdeductibleintheperiodincurred.Insuchcases,thetemporarydifferenceisthefullcarryingamountofthedevelopmentexpendituresincethetaxbaseisnil(thecostshavealreadybeendeductedfromtaxableprofits),generatingadeferredtaxliabilitywhenmultipliedbythetaxrate.Impairmentlosses(andinventoryIfthelossisnottaxdeductibleuntillater(e.g.untiltheassetissold)adeductibletemporarydifferencearises.TaxbaseoftheassetdoesnotchangeandsoadeferredassetarisesbasedonthelossmultipliedbythetaxFinancialGainsonfinancialassetsheldatfairvalueareeitherrecognisedinprofitorlossorinothercomprehensivee(coveredinFinancialinstruments).Ifthegainisnottaxableuntilsale,ataxabledifferencearisesgeneratingadeferredtaxSimilarly,lossestaxdeductibleonsalegenerateataxThedeferredtaxisrecognisedinthesamesectionofthestatementofprofitorlossandothercomprehensiveeastheUnusedtaxlossesandunusedtaxInrelationtounusedtradinglosses,thecarryingamountiszerosincethelosseshavenotyetbeenrecognisedinthefinancialstatements.Taxlossesandcreditsmayresultinataxsavingiftheycanbecarriedforwardtoreducefuturetaxpayments.Adeferredtaxassetisrecognisedforthecarryforwardofunusedtaxlossesorcreditstotheextentthatitisprobablethatfuturetaxableprofitwillbeavailableagainstwhichtheunusedtaxlossesandcreditscanbeused.ExEx-2019/06Hudsonhasayearendof31December20X2andoperatesadefinedbenefitschemeforallemployees.Hudsonhasbeenexperiencinglossesforanumberofyearsanditsdraftfinancialstatementsreflectasmalllossforthecurrentyearof$10million.TaxThedirectorsofHudsonwishtorecogniseamaterialdeferredtaxassetinrelationto$250millionofunusedtradinglosseswhichhaveaccumulatedasat31December20X2.Hudsonhasbudgetedprofitsfor$80millionfortheyearended31December20X3.Thedirectorshaveforecastthatprofitswillgrowby20%eachyearforthenextfouryears.Themarketiscurrentlydepressedandsalesordersareatalowerlevelforthefirstquarterof20X3thantheywereforthesameperiodinanyofthepreviousfiveyears.Hudsonoperatesunderataxjurisdictionwhichallowsfortradinglossesbeonlycarriedforwardfor umoftwo inwhetheradeferredtaxassetcanberecognisedinthefinancialstatementsofHudsonintheyearended31December20X2. Deferredtaxesrepresenttheamountsofetaxespayableorrecoverableinfutureperiodsinrespectoftemporarydifferences.Temporarydifferencesaredifferencesbetweenthecarryingamountofanassetorliabilityanditstaxbase.Adeferredtaxassetariseswherethetaxbaseofanassetexceedsthecarryingamount.Adeferredtaxassetcanalsooccurwhenthetaxbaseofaliabilitydiffersfromitscarryingamount;theeventualsettlementoftheliabilityrepresentsafuturetaxdeduction.Inrelationtounusedtradinglosses,thecarryingamountiszerosincethelosseshavenotyetbeenrecognisedinthefinancialstatementsofHudson.ApotentialdeferredtaxassetdoesarisebutthedeterminationofthetaxbaseismoreThetaxbaseofanassetistheamountwhichwillbedeductibleagainsttaxableeconomicbenefitsfromrecoveringthecarryingamountoftheasset.Whererecoveryofanassetwillhavenotaxconsequences,thetaxbaseisequaltothecarryingamount.HudsonoperatesunderataxjurisdictionwhichonlylossestobecarriedforwardforHudsonoperatesunderataxjurisdictionwhichonlylossestobecarriedforwardfortwoyears. umtheThedirectorsofHudsonshouldbasetheirforecastofthefutureprofitabilityonreasonableandsupportableassumptions.Thereappearstobeevidencethatthisisnotthecase.Hudsonhasarecenthistoryoftradinglossesandthereislittleevidencethattherewillbeanimprovementintradingresultswithinthenextcoupleofyears.Themarketisdepressedandsalesordersforthefirstquarterof20X3arebelowlevelsinanyofthepreviousfiveyears.Theforecastprofitabilityfor20X3andsubsequentgrowthratethereforeappeartobeunrealisticallyoptimistic.Giventhatlossescanonlybecarriedforwardfora umoftwoyears,itisunlikelythatanydeferredtaxassetshouldberecognised.ExEx-2019/12DeferredtaxStentCoincludesadeferredtaxassetinitsstatementoffinancialposition,basedonlossesincurredinthecurrentandtheprevioustwoyears.Thefinancedirectorhasaskedtheaccountanttoincludethedeferredtaxassetinfull.HehassuggestedthisonthebasisthatStentCowillreturntoprofitabilityonceitsfundingissuesareresolved.(3InaccordancewithIAS12eTaxes,adeferredtaxassetshallberecognisedforthecarry-forwardofunusedtaxlossestotheextentthatitisprobablethatfuturetaxableprofitwillbeavailableagainstwhichtheunusedtaxlossescanbeutilised.However,theexistenceofunusedtaxlossesisstrongevidencethatfuturetaxableprofitmaynotbeavailable.Therefore,whenanentityhasahistoryofrecentlosses,theentityrecognisesadeferredtaxassetarisingfromunusedtaxlossesonlytotheextentthatithasconvincingevidencethatsufficienttaxableprofitwillbeavailableagainstwhichtheunusedtaxlossescanbeutilised.Insuchcircumstances,theamountofthedeferredtaxassetandthenatureoftheevidencesupportingitsrecognitionmustbedisclosed.ThedirectorsofStentCoshouldconsiderwhetheritisprobablethatStentCowillhavetaxableprofitsbeforetheunusedtaxlossesorunusedtaxcreditsexpire,whethertheunusedtaxlossesresultfromidentifiablecauseswhichareunlikelytorecur;andwhethertaxnningopportunitiesareavailabletotheentitywhichwillcreatetaxableprofitintheperiodinwhichtheunusedtaxlossesorunusedtaxcreditscanbeutilised.Totheextentthatitisnotprobablethattaxableprofitwillbeavailableagainstwhichtheunusedtaxlossesorunusedtaxcreditscanbeutilised,thedeferredtaxassetshouldnotberecognised.Theremovalofadeferredtaxassetwouldreducenetassets,equity.GearingwouldthereforeGroupfinancialFairvalueadjustmentsonNymanacquireditsinterestinGlasson1January20X3.Thefairvaluesoftheassetsliabilitiesacquiredwereconsideredtobeequaltotheircarryingamounts,withtheexceptionholdpropertywhichwasconsideredtobe$1minexcessofitsbookvalue.ThedirectorsnointentionofsellingtheIFRS3requiresassetsacquiredandliabilitiesassumedonacquisitionofasubsidiarytobebroughtinattheirfairvalueratherthanbookvalue,buttaxisbasedonindividual thangroupaccountfigures.Thedeferredtaxliabilityonfairvalueincreasesresultsinhighergoodwill,whilethedeferredtaxassetonfairvaluereductionsresultsinlowergoodwill.Thedeferredtaxof =$0.25misdebitedtoreducingthefairvalueadjustments(andnetassetsatacquisition)andincreasinggoodwill.UnrealisedprofitsonintragroupS(taxrate25%)hassoldgoodsatapriceof$6milliontoP(taxrate30%)sinceacquisitionandmadeaprofitof$2milliononthetransaction.TheinventoriesofthesegoodsrecordedinP'sstatementoffinancialpositionattheyearend,30September20X3,was$3.6million.Inthegroupfinancialstatements,areductionforunrealisedprofitismadewheregoodstransferredhavenotbeensoldoutsidethegroup.Normallythetaxbaseisthecosttotheindividualreceiving(i.e.notaxadjustmentforgroupunrealisedprofits)andsoadeductibletemporarydifferencearises.Adeferredtaxassetisrecognisedatthereceiving'staxrate.Provisionsforunrealisedprofitsaretemporarydifferenceswhichcreatedeferredtaxassetsandthedeferredtaxisprovidedatthe 'srateoftax.Adeferredtaxassetwouldariseof(3.6×2/6)@30%=$360,000.UndistributedprofitsofAsubsidiary'sprofitsarerecognisedintheconsolidatedfinancialstatements,butmaybesubjecttoadditionaltaxwhenremittedtotheparent'staxregimeasdividende.theparent,investororventurerisabletocontrolthetimingofreversalofthetemporarydifference(e.g.bydetermining);itisprobablethatthetemporarydifferencewillnotreversein例A公司20×7年度利润表中利润总额为3000万元，该公司20×7年发生的有关和事项中，会计处理与1500万元，使用年限为10年，净残值为0，会计处理按双倍余额递减法计提折旧，处理按直计提折旧。假定税定的使用年限及净残值与会计规定相同。（2）向关联企业捐赠现金500万元。假定按照税（3）当期取得作为性金融资产核算的投资成本为800万元，20×7年12月31日的公允价值为1200万元。税定，以公允价值计量的金融资产持有期间（4）环保定应支付罚款250应纳税所得额=3000(300-15050040025075=3575（万元 值础 2211001

937556289371000拓展提高——2018/12HollsGroupispreparingitsfinancialstatementsfortheyearended30November20X7.ThedirectorsofHollshavebeenaskedbyaninvestortoex intheaccountingfortaxationinthefinancialstatements.TheGroupoperatesinseveraltaxjurisdictionsandissubjecttoannualtaxauditswhichcanresultinamendmentstotheamountoftaxtobepaid.Theprofitfromcontinuingoperationswas$300millionintheyearto30November20X7andthereportedtaxchargewas$87million.Theinvestorwasconfusedastowhythetaxchargewasnotthetaxratemultipliedbytheprofitfromcontinuingoperations.Thedirectorshavepreparedareconciliationofthenotionaltaxchargeonprofitsascomparedwiththeactualtaxchargefortheperiod.$ProfitProfitfromcontinuingoperationsbefore Notionalchargeatlocalcorporationtaxrateof Taxrelatingtotheimpairmentof DifferencesinoverseasTaxrelatingtotheimpairmentof Differencesinoverseastax Othertax TaxTaxchargeforthe Theamountofetaxespaidasshowninthestatementofcashflowsis$95millionbutthereisnocurrentexnationofthetaxeffectsoftheaboveitemsinthefinancialstatements.ThetaxrateapplicabletoHollsfortheyearended30November20X7is22%.Thereisaproposalinthelocaltaxlegislationthatanewtaxrateof25%willapplyfrom1January20X8.InthecountrywhereHollsisdomiciled,taxlawsandratechangesareenactedwhenthe ernmentapprovesthelegislation.Theernmentapprovedthelegislationon12November20X7.ThecurrentweightedaveragetaxratefortheGroupis27%.Hollsdoesnotcurrentlydiscloseitsopinionofhowthetaxratemayalterinthefuturebutthe ernmentislikelytochangewiththeresultthatanew ernmentwillalmostcertainlyincreasethecorporatetaxrate.At30November20X7,Hollshasdeductibletemporarydifferencesof$4·5millionwhichareexpectedtoreverseinthenextyear.Inaddition,Hollsalsohastaxabletemporarydifferencesof$5millionwhichrelatetothesametaxableandthetaxauthority.Hollsexpects$3millionofthosetaxabletemporarydifferencestoreversein20X8andtheremaining$2milliontoreversein20X9.Priortothecurrentyear,Hollshadmadesignificantlosses.Withreferencetotheaboveinformation,ex intotheinvestor,thenatureofaccountingfortaxationinfinancialstatements.Note:Youranswershouldex inthetaxreconciliation,discusstheimplicationsofcurrentandfuturetaxrates,andprovideanex nationofaccountingfordeferredtaxationinaccordancewithrelevantIFRSStandards.(14marks)Professionalmarkswillbeawardedinquestion4(b)forandqualityofdiscussion.(2Currenttaxisbasedontaxableprofitfortheyear.Taxableprofitisdifferentfromaccountingprofitduetotemporarydifferencesbetweenaccountingandtaxtreatments,andduetoitemswhicharenevertaxableortaxdeductible.Taxbenefitssuchastaxcreditsarenotrecognisedunlessitisprobablethatthetaxpositionsaresustainable.TheGroupisrequiredtoestimatethecorporatetaxineachofthemanyjurisdictionsinwhichitoperates.TheGroupissubjecttotaxauditsinmanyjurisdictions;asaresult,theGroupmayberequiredtomakeanadjustmentinasubsequentperiodwhichcouldhaveamaterialimpactontheGroup’sprofitfortheyear.TaxThetaxratereconciliationisimportantforunderstandingthetaxchargereportedinthefinancialstatementsandwhytheeffectivetaxratediffersfromthestatutoryrate.Mostcompanieswillreconcilethegroup’sannualtaxexpensetothestatutoryrateinthecountryinwhichtheparentisbased.Hencetherateof22%isusedinthetaxreconciliation.Itisimportantthatthereconciliationex insthereasonsforthedifferencesbetweentheeffectiverateandthestatutoryrate.Thereshouldbeminimaluseofthe‘other’category.Inthiscase,theothercategoryisquitesignificant($14million)andthereisnoexnationofwhat‘other’constitutes.One-offandunusualitemscanhaveasignificanteffectontheeffectivetaxrate,butfinancialstatementsandnotesoftendonotincludeadetaileddiscussionofthem.Forexample,thebrandimpairmentanddisposalsofbusinessesshouldbeex inedtoinvestors,astheyareprobablymaterialitems.Theex shouldincludeanypotentialreversalofthetreatment.Someprofitsrecognisedinthefinancialstatementsarenon-taxablesuchasthetaxrelatingtonon-taxablegainsondisposalsofbusinessesandinsomejurisdictions,taxationreliefonimpairmentlosseswillnotbeallowablefortaxation.Thereasonsfortheseitemsnotbeingallowedfortaxationshouldbeex inedtoinvestors.TaxAstheGroupisoperatinginmultiplecountries,theactualtaxratesapplicabletoprofitsinthosecountriesaredifferentfromthelocaltaxrate.Theoverseastaxratesarehigherthanlocalrates,hencetheincreaseinthetaxationchargeof$10m.Thelocalrateisdifferentfromtheweightedaveragetaxrate(27%)oftheGroupbasedonthedifferentjurisdictionsinwhichitoperates.InvestorsmayfeelthatusingtheweightedtaxrateinthereconciliationgivesamoremeaningfulnumberbecauseitisabetterestimateofthetaxratetheGroupexpectstopayoverthelongterm.Investorswillwishtounderstandthe ’sexpectedlong-termsustainabletaxratesotheycanpreparetheircashfloworprofitforecasts.Informationaboutthesustainabilityofthetaxrateoverthelongtermismoreimportantthanwhethertherateishighorlowcomparedtootherjurisdictions.Anadjustmentcanbemadetoaninvestor’sfinancialmodelforalong-termsustainablerate,butnotforavolatileratewherethereisnocertaintyoverfutureperformance.Formodellingpurposes,anunderstandingoftheactualcashtaxespaidiscriticalandthecashpaidof$95millioncanbefoundinthestatementofcashflows.DeferredProvisionfordeferredtaxismadefortemporarydifferencesbetweenthecarryingamountofassetsandliabilitiesforfinancialreportingpurposesandtheirvaluefortaxpurposes.Theamountofdeferredtaxreflectstheexpectedrecoverableamountandisbasedontheexpectedmannerofrecoveryorsettlementofthecarryingamountofassetsandliabilities,usingthebasisoftaxationenactedorsubstantivelyenactedbythefinancialstatementdate.DeferredtaxassetsarenotrecognisedwhereitismorelikelythannotthattheassetswillnotberealisedinthefutureandreferencetoIAS37Provisions,ContingentLiabilitiesandContingentAssetsisusefulinthisregard.Theevaluationofdeferredtaxassets’recoverabilityrequiresjudgementstobemaderegardingtheavailabilityoffuturetaxablee.Managementassessestheavailableevidencetoestimateifsufficientfuturetaxableewillbegeneratedtousetheexistingdeferredtaxassets.Asignificantpieceofobjectivenegativeevidenceevaluatedwasthelossincurredintheperiodpriortotheperiodended30November20X7.Suchobjectiveevidencemaylimittheabilitytoconsiderothersubjectiveevidencesuchasprojectionsforfuturegrowth.Deferredtaxesareoneofthemostdifficultareasofthefinancialstatementsforinvestorstounderstand.Thusthereisaneedforaclearex nationofthedeferredtaxbalancesandanysisoftheexpectedtimingofreversals.Thiswouldhelpinvestorsseethetimeperiodoverwhichdeferredtaxa