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第=page11页,共=sectionpages11页2023年贵州省中考英语试卷一、完形填空(本大题共10小题,共15.0分)Agentlemanneededayoungmantohelphiminhisoffice,soheputanadvertisementinanewspaper.Nearlyfiftypeopleappliedforthejob.Heinashorttime(1)______oneandsenttherestaway.
"Ishouldliketoknow,"saidafriend,"whydidyou(2)______thatyoungman,whodidn'tbringarecommendation(推荐信)withhim?"
"Youaremistaken,"saidthegentleman."Hehadagreatmany."
"Hewipedhisfeetatthedoorand(3)______thedoorafterhim,showingthathewastidyandorderly."
"Hegaveuphisseatimmediatelytothatoldman,indicatingthathewas(4)______andthoughtful."
"Hetookoffhiscapwhenhecameinandansweredmyquestionswithoutdelay(延迟),showingthathewaspoliteanda(5)______thinker."
"HeliftedupthebookwhichIhadpurposelylaidonthefloor,and(6)______itonthetable,whileallthereststeppedoverit,orkickeditaside,showingthathewascareful."
"Andhewaited(7)______forhisturninsteadofpushingtheothersaside,indicatingthathewasmodest(谦逊的)."
"WhenItalkedwithhim,Inoticedthathis(8)______wascarefullywashed,hishairinniceorder,andhisteethaswhiteasmilk.Whenhewrotehis(9)______,Iobservedthathisfingernailswereclean."
"Don'tyoucallthese(10)______lettersofrecommendation?Ido;andwhatIcantellaboutbyusingmyeyesfortenminutesisworthmorethanallthefinelettershecanbringtome."1.
A.missed B.chose C.described2.
A.thank B.interview C.prefer3.
A.closed B.repaired C.painted4.
A.honest B.calm C.kind5.
A.quick B.careful C.friendly6.
A.covered B.placed C.weighed7.
A.worriedly B.excitedly C.quietly8.
A.shirt B.bike C.umbrella9.
A.name B.diary C.score10.
A.opinions B.qualities C.feelings二、补全对话-填空(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)11.DoyouknowwhatyourIQis?Youcanfindoutbytakingatest.ButwhataboutyourEQ(情商)?(1)______
EQisameasureofyourabilitytorecognize(辨别)andmanageyouremotions,aswellastheemotionsofothers,accordingtoPsychologyToday.
Simplyput,havingahighEQmeansthatyou'rea"people"person.Youknowyourselfverywellandyoucaneasilyunderstandothers.(2)______Theyaretheabilitytorecognizeyourownemotions;theabilitytousethoseemotionstosolveproblems;andtheabilitytomanageemotions,suchasbycalmingyourselfdownwhenyou'refeelingnervous.
DoesitseemobvioustoyouthathavingahighEQcanbeagoodthing?(3)______Theyshowgreatsocialskills,especiallywhentheytakeupjobsthatneedthemtodealwithstrangersoften.AccordingtoMindTools,anonlineresourceforcareerskill-building,manycompaniesarenowusingEQtestswheninterviewingnewstaff.
(4)______Forexample,whentwofriendshaveanargument,peoplewithahighEQcan"read"theotherperson'semotionsandknowwhenandhowtostoptheargument,perhapsbyendingitinahumorousway.
IfyoufeellikeyouhavealowEQ,don'tworry.(5)______Agoodwayisusingpositivethinkingtohelpyougetoutoffailures.Bydoingso,youcanimproveyourEQgradually.
A.It'spossibletoimproveit.
B.DoyouknowwhatEQis?
C.AlowEQwillmakeusgetintotrouble.
D.ManyexpertsdivideEQintothreeskills.
E.PeoplewithahighEQperformmuchbetteratwork.
F.HavingahighEQcanhelpyouineverydaylifeaswell.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)三、阅读理解(本大题共12小题,共30.0分)AFIVE▲ABOUTSLEEP
Sleepisextremelyimportanttopeopleofallages.Sleepdeprivation(睡眠缺失)canaffectourabilitytoworkandstudy.
Howmanyhoursofsleepdoweneedeachday?Tirednessusuallypeaks(达到高峰)twiceaday,at2a.m.and2p.m.Ifyoufallasleepwithin5minutes,youareshortofsleep.Theidealtimeisbetween10and15minutes.Peoplecanmaketerriblemistakesiftheydon'tgetenoughsleep.Alackofsleepplayedaroleinaccidentssuchas:
theExxonValdezoilspill
theChallengerspaceshuttledisaster
theChernobylnuclearaccidentAdulthumanssleepabout3hourslessthanotherprimates(灵长类动物).
Monkeysandbaboonssleeparound10hoursaday.12.Howlongdoteenagersneedtosleepatleasteveryday?______A.Sevenhours. B.Eighthours. C.Ninehours.13.Whattimedopeoplefeelthesleepiestduringaday?______A. B. C.14.Thewriterprovesalackofsleepplaysaroleinaccidentsby______.A.askingquestions B.listingnumbers C.givingexamples15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin▲?______A.SUGGESTIONS B.FACTS C.PROBLEMSBTheoldlanes(巷子)oftheBeijinghutongs,manyweretherehundredsofyearsagoduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Theykeepnotonlythetraditionalculturebutalsothewayoflifeinthepast.Peoplecangoshopping,eatdeliciousfood,andwatchthestreetlifebyvisitingtheBeijinghutongs.What'smore,it'sagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutthedailylifeofpeopleinBeijing.
Ahutongisalaneformedbytraditionalcourtyardcompounds(筑有围墙的院子)onbothsides.Thecompoundsarecalledsiheyuan,meaning"fourjoined-togethercourtyard."
Thehutongshaveinterestingnames,whichtelltheirorigin(起源),location,orhistory.Theyareinthesegraylaneswherekidstalkandplay.
OneofChina'smostfamouswriters,Laoshe,wasborninsiheyuoninthewestofthecity.ThememoriesofhischildhoodinhutongsweresoimportanttohimthatevenafterhehadbeenawayfromBeijingformorethan20years,hestillclearlyrememberedthemandwrotethemintoanovelcalledFourGenerationsunderOneRoof.
Now,Beijingstillhasabout40000siheyuanforpeopletolivein.However,mosthutongsareingreatdangerbecausemoreandmorenewbuildingshavebeenbuilt.So,weshouldtryourbesttoprotecthutongs,thetreasureoftraditionalculture.16.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBeijinghutongs?______A.Theyhaveashorthistory.
B.Theyarefarfromsiheyuan.
C.Theyhaveinterestingnames.17.Thewriterwouldmostprobablytalkabout______afterParagraph5.A.howwecanknowtheBeijinghutongsbetter
B.whatwecandotoprotecttheBeijinghutongs
C.whymanynewbuildingswerebuiltinBeijing18.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?______A.Laoshe-AWell-knownChineseWriter
B.BeijingHutongs-TheTreasureofChina
C.Siheyuan-APictureoftheQingDynasty19.Wemayreadthistextfromthesectionof______inanewspaper.A.CultureWindow B.FamousPeople C.EatingCustomsCCouldyouimaginebeinginacardrivenbyacomputer,notahuman?Recently,Chinahasmadeabigsteptowardself-drivingtechnology.SinceAugust,2022,driverlesstaxiscanrunonroadsinWuhan,ChongqingandShenzhen.
Whydowedevelopself-drivingcars?
Self-drivingcarsbringusmanybenefits.Theyusecomputerstosensethethingsaroundthemandmakebetteruseofspace.Thismeansfewertrafficjamsandbetterparkingofcars.Fordisabledorblindpeople,self-drivingcarscanalsohelpthemgetaroundmoreeasily.
Accordingtoofficialstatistics,eachyear,morethan1.35millionpeoplearekilledonroadsaroundtheworld,andmoreareinjured.'It'sreportedthatself-drivingcarscouldreduceroadaccidentsby90percentandsavegovernmentsalotofmoney.Themaincauseofcaraccidentsishumanerror(错误).Byusingcomputers,self-drivingcarsdon'tmakepoordecisionsorlosefocuslikehumansdo.
Butself-drivingcarsaren'tperfect.Ifsomethingunexpectedontheroadhappens,self-drivingcarscan'treact(反应)asfastasahumandrivercould.Also,duringweatherevenslikeheavysnow,self-drivingcarswouldn'tseethelinesontheroadeasily.Itmightleadtoanaccident.Thecar'scomputersystemwouldbebrokenbysomeone,causingittocrashorchangeitsdirection.
It'sclearthatthereisstillalongwaytogotomakeself-drivingcarsacommonandsafesight(景象)onourroads.AndChinaistakingtheleadinmakingthishappen,saidChinaDaily.20.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordtheyinParagraph3referto?______A.Disabledpeople. B.Self-drivingcars.
C.Taxidrivers. 21.Whatdoweknowaboutself-drivingcars?______A.Theycannotmakegooduseofspace.
B.Theyalwaysreactfasterthanhumans.
C.Theydonotlosefocuslikehumansdo.22.Wecaninfer(推断)thatChina______inself-drivingtechnology.A.willmakegreaterprogress
B.aidedmanyothercountries
C.isgoingtocutitstotalcosts23.Thewriterwritesthetextto______.A.encouragemorepeopletobuyself-drivingcars
B.tellpeopleseveraladvantagesofself-drivingcars
C.introducethepresentsituationofself-drivingcars四、任务型阅读-多任务混合(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)24.WRITINGSYSTEMSTopicoverview
Therearetwomainkindsofwritingsystems.
●alphabets(字母表)
●pictures
Basicinformation
●Firstwritingsystem:3,000BCE
(BeforeCommonEra)
●Firstalphabetsystem:2,000-1,000BCE
●Chinesewritingsystem:from1,000BCEAlphabetwritingsystems
Somewritingsystemsusealphabets.Alphabetwritingsystemsuseletterstotellyouwhatsoundstomake.ArabicandEnglishbothuseanalphabet.Thereare26lettersintheEnglishalphabetand28lettersintheArabicalphabet.ThefirstalphabetstartedintheMiddleEast3,000yearsago.TheEnglishandArabicalphabetsbothcomefromthisalphabet.
Pictureorsymbolwritingsystems
Somewritingsystemsusepicturesorsymbolstoshowthemeaningofwords.Picturewritingstarted5,000yearsagointheMiddleEast.ModemChinesealsousesapicturewritingsystemtoday.JapaneseusessomeofthesymbolsfromtheChinesepicturesystem.Forexample,theChinesewordforfishis"yu"andtheJapanesewordis"sakana",butbothlanguageswriteitinthesameway.Therearethousandsofsymbolsinpicturewritingsystems-youhavetolearn4,000symbolstoreadChinese.
Writingsystemsandchange
Languagessometimeschangetheirwritingsystems.Before1423,theKoreanlanguageusedtheChinesepicturesystem.In1423,theKoreansinventedtheirownalphabetsystem.NowKoreanusesanalphabetsystem.Turkeyalsochangeditswritingsystem.Before1928,
TurkishusedtheArabicalphabet.TodayitusesanalphabetlikeEnglish,butwithsomeextrasymbols,like"s"and"c".
Doyouusesymbols?
Today,inmanylanguages,weusesymbolstoexplainwhatwemean.Forexample,manypeopleusesymbolslikeandwhentheywritetextmessagesoremails.Thesesymbolsshowhowwefeel.Theyarecalledemoticons(表情符号)becausetheytellpeopleaboutouremotions.
Seealso:
Ancientcivilizations:MiddleEast,China
Languages:Arabic,Chinese,English,Japanese,Korean,Turkish
writingsystem:thewayofwritingalanguage(1)Therecordsshowthatthe______wasinventedin3,000BCE.(2)Boththefirstalphabetandthepicturewritingstartedin______.(3)SomeoftheJapanesesymbols______theChinesepicturesystem.(4)Koreanchangeditswritingsystems______yearsearlierthanTurkish.(5)Doyoulikeusingemoticonssuchasand?Whyorwhynot?
______五、选词填空-短文(本大题共1小题,共5.0分)25.
A.ifB.inC.activitiesD.thisE.soF.differentEveryyear,onJanuary5th,thecityofHarbininnortheastChinachangesintoawinterwonderland.Touristsfromallaroundtheworldcometovisit(1)______wonderfuliceandsnowfestival.
Thefestivalstartedin1963andbeganasawinterparty.Thefestivaloftenlastsforonemonth.However,(2)______theweatherstayscoldanddry,itwillgoonforafewmoredays.Temperaturesareusuallyverycold.Theycangodownto-17℃.
Icesculptors(雕塑家)use(3)______toolstocarvethehardiceandsnow.Thesesculptorsdisplaytheirworks(4)______twomainareas."SunIsland"hashugesnowsculpturesofpeopleandanimals."IceandSnowWorld"hassculpturesofbuildings.Atnight,thesebuildingslightupwithbrightly-coloredlights.
Visitorscandoalotofother(5)______,suchasskiingandicesliding.TheycanalsogoswimmingintheicywatersoftheSonghuaRiver.六、阅读填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)26.Eachyear,billionsofpoundsofgarbageendupintheoceans.Sometimespeoplethrowawaywater(1)______(bottle)orotherplastic.Theydonotrecycletheirgarbage.Peoplemaynotknowthatwind(2)______raincanmovegarbagefromlandtosea.Plastictakesaverylongtimetobreakdown.Itcanremainintheoceans(3)______hundredsofyears.Plasticpiecesarevery(4)______(danger)toseaanimals.
Onegroup,WashedAshore,cameupwithanewidea(5)______(tell)peopleabouttheproblemsintheoceans.First,theytakethegarbagefrom(6)______beach.Then,theycleanandsortit.(7)______(final),theyworkwiththeplasticpiecestomakehugeworksofart.Theartworkismostlyofseacreatures(生物).
WashedAshorehas(8)______(create)morethanseventyoftheseworksofart.Someof(9)______(they)arenowtravelinginashowallovertheworld.Eachpieceshowstheeffectsoftrash.
Inoneshow,peoplelearnhowplasticfoolsfishandotherseaanimals.Theythinktheplastic(10)______(be)food,eatit,andgetverysickorevendie.
Thiswouldnothappenifpeopleusedlessplasticanddidnotlitter.Theplasticwouldnotendupintheocean.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)七、完成句子(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)27.《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊!
____________beautifulpoemGoinguptheHillis!28.向他人学习并自我提升对我们极其重要。
____________othersandimprovingourselvesisessentialforus.29.梵净山因其令人叹为观止的风光吸引大量的游客。
MountFanjingattracts____________touristsforitsamazingscenery.30.事虽难,做则必成。
Difficultasthetaskis,____________getthejobdoneifwekeepworkingatit.31.中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一种治疗疟疾的有效药物。
TuYouyouistheChinesescientist____________aneffectivedrugagainstmalaria.八、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)32.请结合下图内容及提示,以"My______FamilyMemory"为题,根据写作要求,写一篇不少于80词的短文。
写作要求:
(1)结合实际,用适当的形容词补全标题。
(2)短文须包含图中所有信息,并适当拓展。
(3)文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。
_________________
答案和解析1~10.【答案】B、C、A、C、A、B、C、A、A、B【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:他很快就选了一个,把其余的都送走了。A.错过;B.选择;C.描述;根据sent
the
rest
away.(把其余的都送走了。)结合选项可知选了一个。故选B。
(2)考查动词。句意:你为什么更喜欢那个没有带推荐信的年轻人?A.谢谢;B.面试;C.更喜欢;根据He
in
a
short
time
choseone
and
sent
the
rest
away.(他很快就选了一个,把其余的都送走了。)结合选项可知空处应填:更喜欢。故选C。
(3)考查动词。句意:"他在门口擦了脚,走后把门关上,表明他整洁有序。"A.关闭;B.修理;C.涂漆;根据after
him(走后)结合选项可知把门关上,故选A。
(4)考查形容词。句意:他马上把座位让给了那位老人,这表明他很善良,很体贴。"A.诚实;B.冷静;C.善良;根据He
gave
up
his
seat
immediately
to
that
old
man,他马上把座位让给了那位老人;可知他很善良,故选C。
(5)考查形容词。句意:"他进来时摘下帽子,毫不拖延地回答了我的问题,这表明他很有礼貌,思维敏捷。"A.快速;B.小心;C.友好;根据
answered
my
questions
without
delay
(延迟),(毫不拖延地回答了我的问题,)可知他思维敏捷。故选A。
(6)考查动词。句意:"他把我故意放在地板上的书捡起来,放在桌子上,而其他所有人都踩着它,或者踢到一边,表明他很小心。"A.覆盖;B.放置;C.称重;根据He
lifted
up
the
book
which
I
had
purposely
laid
on
the
floor,(他把我故意放在地板上的书捡起来,)结合选项可知把书放捡起来在桌子上,故选B。
(7)考查副词。句意:"他安静地等着轮到自己,而不是把别人推开,这表明他很谦虚。"A.担忧地;B.兴奋地;C.安静地;根据indicating
that
he
was
modest
(谦逊的)."(这表明他很谦虚。)结合选项可知安静地等着轮到自己。故选C。
(8)考查名词。句意:当我和他谈话时,我注意到他的衬衫洗得很仔细,他的头发很整齐,他的牙齿像牛奶一样白。A.衬衫;B.自行车;C.雨伞;根据his
hair
in
nice
order,and
his
teeth
as
white
as
milk.(他的头发很整齐,他的牙齿像牛奶一样白。)结合选项可知他的衬衫洗得很仔细。故选A。
(9)考查名词。句意:当他写下自己的名字时,我注意到他的指甲很干净。A.姓名;B.日记;C.成绩;根据Nearly
fifty
people
applied
for
the
job.(将近50人申请这份工作。)可知此人面试工作,应该是写下自己的名字,故选:A。
(10)考查名词。句意:你不把这些品质称为推荐信吗?"A.意见;B.品质;C.感受;根据letters
of
recommendation(推荐信)结合选项可知绅士把这些品质看做推荐信。故选B。
这篇短文主要讲述了一个绅士招聘帮手的故事。
首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
11.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】E【小题4】F【小题5】A【解析】细节推理题
(1)根据第二段
EQ
is
a
measure
of
your
ability
to
recognizeand
manage
your
emotions,as
well
as
the
emotions
of
others,according
to
Psychology
Today.(根据《今日心理学》的说法,情商是衡量你识别和管理自己以及他人情绪的能力。)可知,上文作者提出人们是否知道情商是什么。结合选项Do
you
know
what
EQ
is?(你知道什么是情商吗?)符合语境。故选B。
(2)根据第三段They
are
the
ability
to
recognize
your
own
emotions;the
ability
to
use
those
emotions
to
solve
problems;and
the
ability
to
manage
emotions,such
as
by
calming
yourself
down
when
you're
feeling
nervous.(它们是识别自己情绪的能力;利用这些情绪来解决问题的能力;以及管理情绪的能力,比如当你感到紧张时让自己平静下来。)可知,此处作者介绍了三种能力。结合选项Many
experts
divide
EQ
into
three
skills.(许多专家将情商分为三种能力。)符合语境。故选D。
(3)根据第四段Does
it
seem
obvious
to
you
that
having
a
high
EQ
can
be
a
good
thing?(你是否觉得拥有高情商是件好事?)以及They
show
great
social
skills,especially
when
they
take
up
jobs
that
need
them
to
deal
with
strangers
often.(他们表现出出色的社交技巧,尤其是当他们从事需要经常与陌生人打交道的工作时。)可知,空处表达拥有高情商的人在工作中的表现如何。结合选项People
with
a
high
EQ
perform
much
better
at
work.(拥有高情商的人在工作中表现更好。)符合语境。故选E。
(4)根据第五段For
example,when
two
friends
have
an
argument,people
with
a
high
EQ
can
"read"
the
other
person's
emotions
and
know
when
and
how
to
stop
the
argument,perhaps
by
ending
it
in
a
humorous
way.(例如,当两个朋友吵架时,高情商的人可以"读懂"对方的情绪,知道何时以及如何停止争吵,也许可以用幽默的方式结束。)可知,拥有高情商的人还能轻易解决一些日常琐事。结合选项Having
a
high
EQ
can
help
you
in
everyday
life
as
well.(拥有高情商对你的日常生活也有帮助。)符合语境。故选F。
(5)根据最后一段If
you
feel
like
you
have
a
low
EQ,don't
worry.…A
good
way
is
using
positive
thinking
to
help
you
get
out
of
failures.By
doing
so,you
can
improve
your
EQ
gradually.(如果你觉得自己的情商很低,不要担心……一个好的方法是用积极的思维来帮助你摆脱失败。通过这样做,你可以逐渐提高你的情商。)可知,此处表达如果你的情商低,有提高情商的方法。结合选项It's
possible
to
improve
it.(这是可以提高的。)符合语境。故选A。
本文介绍了情商是什么、情商高的好处以及提高情商的方法。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
12~15.【答案】B、A、C、B【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据表格一中Teenagers:8-10(青少年:8-10小时)可知,青少年至少要睡8个小时。故选B。
(2)细节理解题。根据表格二中Tiredness
usually
peaks(达到高峰)twice
a
day,at
2
a.m.and
2
p.m.(疲劳通常在一天中达到高峰两次,分别是凌晨两点和下午两点。)可知,人们一天中的凌晨两点和下午两点会最困。故选A。
(3)推理判断题。根据表格四中Peoplecanmaketerriblemistakesiftheydon'tgetenoughsleep.Alackofsleepplayedaroleinaccidentssuchas:theExxonValdezoilspill,theChallengerspaceshuttledisaster,theChernobylnuclearaccident(如果睡眠不足,人们会犯严重的错误。睡眠不足会导致以下事故:埃克森瓦尔迪兹号石油泄漏事件,挑战者号航天飞机灾难,切尔诺贝利核事故)可知,作者通过举例证明睡眠不足是造成事故的原因之一。故选C。
(4)标题归纳题。根据第一段Sleep
is
extremely
important
to
people
of
all
ages.Sleep
deprivation(睡眠缺失)can
affect
our
ability
to
work
and
study.(睡眠对各个年龄段的人都极其重要。睡眠不足会影响我们的工作和学习能力。)以及表格内容可知,本文主要介绍了关于睡眠的五个事实。故选B。
本文主要介绍了关于睡眠的五个事实。
答阅读题时,先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络,然后在文章中找到对应的信息,再和选项作对比,得出正确答案。
16~19.【答案】C、B、B、A【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第三段The
hutongs
have
interesting
names,which
tell
their
origin,location,or
history.(胡同有有趣的名字,它们告诉我们它们的起源、位置或历史。)可知北京胡同有有趣的名字,故选C。
(2)推理预测题。根据第五段So,we
should
try
our
best
to
protect
hutongs,the
treasure
of
traditional
culture.(因此,我们应该尽最大努力保护胡同这一传统文化的瑰宝。)可知接下来作者有可能讲述如何保护胡同,故选B。
(3)主题归纳题。根据第一段The
old
lanes
of
the
Beijing
hutongs,many
were
there
hundreds
of
years
ago
during
the
Ming
and
Qing
dynasties.(北京胡同的老胡同,很多是几百年前明清时期的老胡同。)They
keep
not
only
the
traditional
culture
but
also
the
way
of
life
in
the
past.(他们不仅保留了传统文化,也保留了过去的生活方式。)根据第二段Ahutongisalaneformedbytraditionalcourtyardcompoundsonbothsides.Thecompoundsarecalledsiheyuan,meaning"fourjoined-togethercourtyard."(胡同是由两边的传统院落组成的小巷。这些院落被称为四合院,意思是"四个连在一起的庭院"。)根据第三段The
hutongs
have
interesting
names,which
tell
their
origin,location,or
history.(胡同有有趣的名字,它们告诉我们它们的起源、位置或历史。)根据第四段OneofChina'smostfamouswriters,Laoshe,wasborninsiheyuoninthewestofthecity.(中国最著名的作家之一老舍出生在北京西部的四合院。)根据第五段So,we
should
try
our
best
to
protect
hutongs,the
treasure
of
traditional
culture.(因此,我们应该尽最大努力保护胡同这一传统文化的瑰宝。)可知本文主要讲的是北京胡同的历史和文化,故选B。
(4)推理判断题。根据本文主要讲述北京胡同历史和文化,第五段So,we
should
try
our
best
to
protect
hutongs,the
treasure
of
traditional
culture.(因此,我们应该尽最大努力保护胡同这一传统文化的瑰宝。),可知本文在报纸的文化栏可以看到,故选A。
这篇短文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史和文化。胡同是明清时期形成的老巷子,保留了传统文化和过去的生活方式。人们可以通过参观北京胡同来购物、品尝美食和观察街头生活,这也是了解北京人民日常生活的好方式。胡同是由两边的传统四合院组成的巷子,有着有趣的名字,反映了它们的起源、位置或历史。许多著名作家和艺术家都在胡同中度过了童年,这对他们来说非常重要。然而,由于新建筑物的增加,大部分胡同都面临着巨大的危险,因此我们应该尽力保护这些传统文化的宝藏。
通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
20~23.【答案】B、C、A、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第三段Self-driving
cars
bring
us
many
benefits.
They
use
computers
to
sense
the
things
around
them
and
make
better
use
of
space.(自动驾驶汽车给我们带来很多好处。它们用电脑来感应周边事物并合理使用空间。)可知此处They指代前句提到的Self-driving
cars。故选B。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段They
use
computers
to
sense
the
things
around
them
and
make
better
use
of
space.(它们用电脑来感应周边事物并合理使用空间。)可知它们可知合理使用空间,排除A。根据第四段By
using
computers,self-driving
cars
don't
make
poor
decisions
or
lose
focus
like
humans
do.(通过使用电脑,自动驾驶汽车不会做出错误的决定也不会像人一样不专注。)可知它们不会像人一样不专注,C选项符合题意。根据第五段If
something
unexpected
on
the
road
happens,self-driving
cars
can't
react
(反应)
as
fast
as
a
human
driver
could.(如果路上发生突发事件,自动驾驶汽车不能像人一样反应快。)可知它们不能像人一样反应快,排除B。故选C。
(3)细节推理题。根据第一段Recently,China
has
made
a
big
step
toward
self-driving
technology.(最近中国已经在自动驾驶汽车科技上走出了一大步。),根据最后一段It's
clear
that
there
is
still
a
long
way
to
go
to
make
self-
driving
cars
a
common
and
safe
sight
(景象)
on
our
roads.And
China
is
taking
the
lead
in
making
this
happen,said
China
Daily.(中国日报说,显然让自动驾驶汽车在路上的普及和安全行驶还有很长的路要走。中国在此处于领先地位。)可知中国在自动驾驶汽车科技研发上会取得更大的进步。故选A。
(4)主旨大意题。根据文章大意,作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍了自动驾驶汽车科技在中国的现状以及未来的发展。故选C。
这篇短文主要介绍了中国在自动驾驶技术方面取得的进展。自动驾驶出租车从2022年8月开始在武汉、重庆和深圳的道路上行驶。自动驾驶汽车能够利用计算机感知周围环境,更好地利用空间,减少交通拥堵和更好地停车。自动驾驶汽车还可以帮助残疾或盲人更轻松地出行。尽管自动驾驶汽车能够减少90%的道路事故并节省政府大量资金,但它们仍然存在一些问题,如无法像人类驾驶员那样快速反应和在恶劣天气下的困难。尽管如此,中国正在领先推动自动驾驶汽车的普及和安全。
通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
24.【答案】【小题1】firstwritingsystem【小题2】theMiddleEast【小题3】comefrom【小题4】505【小题5】Yes,Ido.Becauseemoticonscanexpressmyemotionsbetterthanwords.【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据表格中"Firstwritingsystem:3,000BCE"(最早的文字系统:公元前3000年)可知,最早的文字系统出现于公元前3000年,故填firstwritingsystem。
(2)细节理解题。根据表格下第二段"ThefirstalphabetstartedintheMiddleEast3,000yearsago."(3000年前,第一个字母表出现在中东。)和表格下第四段"Picturewritingstarted5,000yearsagointheMiddleEast."(图画书写始于5000年前的中东。)可知,第一个字母表和图画文字都起源于中东,故填theMiddleEast。
(3)细节理解题。根据表格下第四段"JapaneseusessomeofthesymbolsfromtheChinesepicturesystem."(日本人使用了一些来自中国图形系统的符号。)可知,日语使用了一些来自中文文字系统的符号,故填comefrom。
(4)细节理解题。根据倒数第八段"In1423,theKoreansinventedtheirownalphabetsystem.NowKoreanusesanalphabetsystem.Turkeyalsochangeditswritingsystem.Before1928,TurkishusedtheArabicalphabet."(1423年,韩国人发明了自己的字母系统。现在韩语使用的是字母系统。土耳其也改变了它的书写系统。1928年以前,土耳其语使用阿拉伯字母。)可知,韩国和土耳其改变书写系统的时间分别是1423年和1928年,韩国比土耳其早了505年。故填505。
(5)个人观点题。根据个人观点,可知是的,我喜欢。因为表情符号比文字更能表达我的情感。故填Yes,Ido.Becauseemoticonscanexpressmyemotionsbetterthanwords.
短文介绍书写系统的相关内容。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。其次,细读题材,各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
25.【答案】this【解析】(1)考查代词。句意:来自世界各地的游客来参观这个美妙的冰雪节。结合空格位置和所给的词汇可知,需要填入指示代词,表示"这个美妙的冰雪节",故答案为:this。
(2)考查连词。句意:然而,如果天气保持寒冷和干燥,这种情况还会持续几天。根据两句话的句意可知,第一句是条件,备选单词中的if适合此空,表示"如果天气保持寒冷和干燥,这种情况还会持续几天。"而且时态符合"主将从现"的要求,故答案为:if。
(3)考查形容词。句意:冰雕师使用不同的工具雕刻坚硬的冰雪。根据空格位置可知,需要填入一个形容词,修饰后面的名词tools,备选单词中的different(不同的)词义适合此空,即:冰雕师使用不同的工具雕刻坚硬的冰雪,不需要改变形式,直接填入原形即可,故答案为:different。
(4)考查介词。句意:这些雕塑家主要在两个区域展示他们的作品。根据下一句内容:
"Sun
Island"
has
huge
snow
sculptures
of
people
and
animals.
"Ice
and
Snow
World"
has
sculptures
of
buildings.("太阳岛"有巨大的人和动物雪雕。"冰雪大世界"有建筑物的雕塑。)这里介绍了有两个不同的地方展示作品,因此空格中需要填入一个介词,结合备选单词,介词in适合此空,表示"在两个区域",故答案为:in。
(5)考查名词。句意:游客们可以做很多其他的活动,比如滑雪和滑冰。根据空格位置可知,需要填入一个名词,备选单词中剩下的名词是activities,意思是"活动",结合句子后半段例举的skiing
and
ice
sliding(滑雪和滑冰)符合此空,故答案为:activities。
本文是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了每年一月在哈尔滨举办的冰雪节活动。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
26.【答案】【小题1】bottles【小题2】and【小题3】for【小题4】dangerous【小题5】totell【小题6】a【小题7】Finally【小题8】created【小题9】them【小题10】is【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:有时人们会扔掉水瓶或其他塑料制品。此处表示复数含义,使用名词复数形式,故填bottles。
(2)考查连词。句意:人们可能不知道,风和雨可以把
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