2022高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming学案新人教版选修6

Unit4Globalwarming

N01发端于教材，—先记牢、再练通，基础自查讲究一个“效度”

（一）阅读词汇一一明其义、写其形

第一组：明其义

1.randomadj.胡乱的；任意的

2.fueln.燃料

3.datan.资料；数据

4.trendn.趋势；倾向；走向

5.catastrophen.大灾难；浩劫

6.floodn.洪水：水灾

7.phenomenonn.现象

8.microwaven.微波炉；微波

9.nuclearadj.核的；核能的；原子核的

10.greenhousen.温室；花房

第二组：写其形

1.perprep.每；每一

2.advocatevt.拥护；提倡；主张

3.quantityn.量；数量

4.mildadj.温和的；温柔的；淡的

5.rangen.种类；范围

6.glancevi.看一下；扫视

n.一瞥

7.averageadj.平均的

8.widespreadadj.分布广的；普遍的

9.commitmentn.承诺；交托；信奉

10.casualadj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的

11.circumstancen.环境；情况

12.refreshvt.使恢复；使振作

13.prosontationn.显示；演出

（二）表达词汇一一晓其变、通其用

1.consume消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完fconsumern.顾客

2.subscribevi,同意；捐赠；订阅签署（文件）；捐助fsubscriptionn.捐赠；

订阅；签署

3.tendn.趋向；易于；照顾；往往会建,照顾；护理—tendency〃.倾向；趋势

4.opposePt.反对；反抗；与（某人）较量fopposed/反..反对的;对立的

5.consequencen.结果；后果；影响fconsequenta力..随之发生的；作为结果的

->consequentlyadv,因此；所以

6.statep上陈述；说明fstatementn,说明；说法；声明

7.steadya4/.平稳的；持续的；稳固的fsteadilyad匕平稳地；持续地

8.existencen.生存；存在fexistvi.存在fexisting3力..现有的；现存的

9.pollutionn.污染；弄脏fpollute-污染fpolluteda力:被污染的

10.contributionn.贡献；捐助fcontributev.贡献；撰稿；捐助；捐赠

11.environmentaladj.环境的fenvironmentn.环境

（三）常用短语一一多积累、准运用

1.comeaboul发生：造成

2.subscribeto同意；赞成；订购

3.quanlitiesof大量的

4.goup上升；增长；升起

5.resultin导致

6.beopposedto反对...

7.keepon继续

8.makeadifference有影响

9.onthewhole大体上；基本上

10.onbehalfof代表.....方

11.putupwith忍受；容忍

12.andsoon等等

（四）经典句式一一明特点、会仿用

1.Thereisnodoubtthat.・.“毫无疑问...”，that引导同位语从句

Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)and

悟原句

thatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming…

Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof

背佳句

airpollution.

2.evenif（=eventhough）引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”

Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandother

悟原句

greenhousegases...

背佳句Beopen-mindedtodifferentopinionsevenifyoudon'tlikethem.

3.①so/aslongas“只耍”,引导条件状语从句

②ifnot省略形式

ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusing

悟原句

it—ifnot,turnitoff!

ItisOKtoacceptthejobso/aslongasyoulikeit.Ifnot,don，t

背佳句

doit.

@

充

e盈

©语

@料

库

L“不规则”名词复数小结

①datumfdata数据

②medium-media媒体

③bacteriumfbacteria细菌

©criterion-*criteria标准

⑤phenomenon—phenomena现象

⑥crisis-*crises危机

2.“灾难”名词集锦

①flood水灾

②catastrophe大灾难

③disaster灾难

©drought旱灾

⑤earthquake地震

©tsunami海啸

3.“动词+upwith”短语集锦

①putupwith忍受

②catchupwith跟上

③endupwith以...结束

@comeupwith提出

⑤keepupwith跟上

©befedupwith受够了

4.“引起；造成；导致”短语合集

①resultin导致

②leadto导致；造成

©contributeto促成；有助于

©giveriseto引起；使发生⑤bringabout引起；导致

巩固于训练上页记熟，本页练通；薄弱的考点，留待课堂重点攻坚

I.用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Inresponsetotheappeal,Ihavemadesomechangesinmywayoflife,which

ranges(range)fromtransportationtowatersaving.

2.Manycitizensareopposedtopulling(pull)downtheoldtemple,becauseit

datesbacktothe16thcentury.

3.TheQinghai-TibetPlateauistheworld'shighestplateau,averaging(average)

over4,000metresabovesealevel.

4.Weshouldmaketeenagersrealizetheriskandconsequence(consequent)of

playingcomputergames.

5.Inordertokeepriversandlakescleanandpreventwaterfrombeingpolluted

(pollute),wemustdosomethingtoprotectthem.

6.Underthesecircumstances(circumstance),whatmattersmostisnotonlyour

persistencebutalsoourattitudes.

7.Inthefirstplace,vehiclessendlargequantitiesofpoisonousgaseswhich

are(be)amajorsourceofairpollution.

8.uWhat，sinthosebooksyou，realwaysreading?”heaskedcasually(casual).

9.(2020•浙江1月高考)Peopletendtofocus(focus)onthefirstfactor.However,

greaterattentionshouldbeplacedonlongevity(长寿).

10.Inspiteofthis,thenumberofpeoplehavingmobilephonesisincreasing

steadily(steady).

n.介、副词填空

1.(2019•江苏高考)However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguided

useofscarceresources.

2.Withthehousingpricegoingup,moreandmorepeopleadvocatethegovernment

takemorestrictmeasurestolowerpropertyprices.

3.WithmyEnglishteacher，spatientinstructions,Ikeptonlearning,practising

oralEnglishforthreemonths.

4.Togetgoodjobs,theyarewillingtoputupwithmanyofthedisadvantages

ofcitylifesuchasheavytrafficandpollution.

5.AmythoughtitwasworthwhiletoreadEnglishnewspaperseverydaysoshe

subscribedtothe21stCentury.

6.Firstofall,onbehalfofallthemembersofourschool,I'dliketoexpress

ourheartfeltthankstoyouandwarmlywelcometoourschool.

7.Uptonow,largequantitiesoffoodhavebeensenttoAfricatosavethe

starvingpeople.

8.It'salready10oclock.Iwonderhowitcameaboutthatshewastwohours

lateonsuchashorttrip.

9.Everyonedoesn'tagreetotheplan.SomesupportitwhileI'moneofthose

whoareopposedtoit.

10.—Whatdoyouthinkaboutthemeasurestakentopreventglobalwarming?

—Onthewhole,theyaregood.

in.选词填空

1.tendency/trend

①Thecurrenttrendistowardsinformalclothing.

②Hehadatendencytostepbackwardwheneverattentionwasfocusedonhim.

2.result/consequence

©Thestudentsareintenselyanxioustoknowtheresultoftheentrance

examination.

(2)Ifyoubehavesofoolishly,youwillbereadytobeartheconsequence.

IV.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义

1.Rumoursofhisillnesshavebeenfueledbyhisfailuretoattendlastnight，s

dinner.

增强；加剧

2.HereceivedhisawardatapresentationinLondonyesterday.颁奖典礼

3.IlikeSimonverymuch-he,saverysteadyboy.稳重的；沉着的

4.Theareaisfamousforitsverymildwinterclimate.温暖的；和煦的

5.①Thegulchwouldbefloodedintherainyseasonbutweredrynow.淹没

②Awaveofhappinessfloodedme.充满

V.补全句子

1.毫无疑问的是他所说的话引起了我们对这件事的注意。(thereisnodoubtthat,

强调句型）

Thereisnodoubtthatitiswhathesaidthatdrawsourattentiontotheevent.

2.文章表明是人类活动对村庄造成了环境破坏。（itis...that）

Thepassageindicatesthatilishumanaclivilyihalhasresultedinthe

environmentaldestructiontothevillage.

3.尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服Dean,但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。（evenif）

Deanstillrefusedtojoininthegame,evenifwealldidourbesttopersuade

him.

4.努力学习，否则你将来就会以失败告终。（end）

Studyhardnow,oryouwillendupwithfailureinthefuture.

5.在生活中我们会遇到很多失败，只要我们尽力而为，就没有必要为此感到遗憾。（as

longas）

Inourlifewemaymeetwithmanyfailures,asJongasweiryourbesl,there's

noneedtofeelregretforthem.

NO.2提能于课堂/一学案式、精细化，深化拓展把握一个“适度”

一、高频单词法因“词”而异

1.quantityn.量；数量

补全句子

①（2019,浙江6月高考）Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportant

thanthequantity.

专家表示，表扬的质量比数量更重要。

（2）（2018,天津高考书面表达）1knowyouonceparticipatedinaRobotics

Competitionandwontheaward,soyoumusthaveaccumulatedalargequantity

of/quantitiesofexperience.

我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛，并且获了奖，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。

③Thevegetableswillbealotcheaperifyoubuytheminquantity/inlarge

quantities.

如果你大批量购买的话，蔬菜会便宜得多。

一句多译

由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。

④Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargequantityofdes6rlhascovered

theland.

⑤Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,largequantitiesofdeserthavecovered

theland.

［归纳法记牢］

inquantity/inlargequantities大量

alarge/smallquantityof大/少量的；许多

(large)quantitiesof大量的

［名师指津］含quantity的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数与quantity的单复数

保持一致。

2.oppose".反对；反抗；与（某人）较量

(1)oppose(doing)sth.反对（做）某事

opposesb./sb.*sdoingsth.反对某人/某人做某事

(2)opposedadj.反对的；对立的

beopposedto(one，s)doingsth.反对（某人）做某事（t。为介词）

beopposedtosth.反对某事

［演绎法练通］

单句语法填空

©However,manystudentsandparentsopposesoparating(separate)studentsinto

scienceandart.

②Herparentsopposedher(she)goingabroad.

③Themayorisstronglyopposedtobuilding(build)anewhall,whichmaycost

alotofmoney.

©Opposing(oppose)theplanofraisingprices,thepublicdecidedtogoon

strikeonSunday.

［联想发散］表示“反对；不赞成”的表达还有：disagreewith,disapproveof,be

against,objectto,holdnegativeattitudestowards等。

3.consequencen.结果；后果；影响

(l)asaconsequence因此；结果

asaconsequenceof］

由于“…♦的缘故

inconsequenceofJ

inconsequence=consequently因此;结果

(2)consequentadj.作为结果的；随之发生的

［演绎法练通］

单句语法填空

@Asaconsequence(consequent),theycan'tconcentrateontheirstudyandtend

tobesleepyinclass.

②Consequently(consequent),sheunderstooditandbecameinterestedin

traditionalChineseculture.

③ThewarmingoftheEarthandtheconsequent(consequence)climaticchanges

affectusall.

补全句子

©Thousandsofpeoplelosttheirlivesasaconsequenceofthebigearthquake.

成千上万的人因那场大地震而失去了生命。

4.rangen.种类；范围；幅度；界限匕(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列

(l)awiderangeof范围广泛的；各种各样的

within/inrangeof在氾围内

beyondone，srange某人能力达不到的

outofrange在……范围外

(2)rangefrom...to...在……范围内变动

［演绎法练通］

单句语法填空

①(2017•北京高考)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging

frombutterfliestoelephants.

②Whendrivingonhighways,thedrivermustcontrolhisorherspeedwithin/in

rangeof60km/hto120km/h.

补全句子

③(2019•全国卷I书面表达)Secondly,asaChinesepaintinglover,Iknowawide

rangeofartworks.

其次，作为一个中国画爱好者，我知道各种各样的艺术作品。

5.averagea力:平均的；普通的；正(平)常的〃.平均数；平均水平；一般水准匕平均

为；计算出……的平均数

［辨析法理清］

写出下列句中average的词性及含义

①(2018•全国卷I)Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefrom

fourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.adj.平均的

辨②It'ssaidthatthenewspaperofficereceivesanaverageofnearly100

清articlesaday.平均数

楚③(2017•全国卷H)Freddywasanaveragestudent,butnotanaverage

person,adj.普通的

©Thehotelaverages50to100foreignguestsdaily.匕平均为

⑴anaverageof平均有（后跟数词）

理(2)onaverage平均起来

明aboveaverage在平均水平以上

白belowaverage在平均水平以下

(3)average...out算出……的平均数

［针对训练］语段填空

Therewere90studentsgettingfullmarksintheexam,⑤anaverageof18

studentsineachclass.Tom'swas⑥aboveaveragewhileJohn，swas⑦belowaverage.

在这次考试中有90名学生得到了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成绩在平均水平

之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。

6.circumstancen.环境；情况

补全句子

①Itmightnotbeaperfectsolution,butit'sthebest1candounder/inihe

circumstances.

这也许不是一个完美的解决办法，但这是在这种情况下我能做得最好的。

②UndernocircumstancesdidIexpectthatIwouldmeetsomanyproblemswhen

Idecidedtotakethejob.

当我决定接受这份工作时，我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。

［归纳法记牢］

under/inthecircumstances在这种情况下；既然如此

under/innocircumstances决不；无论如何都不（位于

句首时，句子要用部分倒装）

［名师指津］circumstance“环境”，在其搭配under/inthecircumstances中,

circumstance一定用复数（如句①）。

二、短语句式,%在精准扶“弱”

1.comeabout发生；造成

comeon快点；加油；开始（工作、运转）

cometo合计为；达到；恢复知觉

comeup走近；（困难或问题）出现；发芽；被

提及

comeacross邂逅；偶遇

comeupwith提出；想出

comeintobeing形成；产生

［演绎法练通］

单句语法填空

①r11neverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwereanhourlateonsuch

ashortjourney.

②Whenimportantquestionscomeup,themembersoftenlosetheirdignifiedways

andshoutateachother.

③Heisveryquickthinking,andisoftenabletocomeupwithnewjokes.

(4)Howthecustomcameintobeingremainsamystery.

补全句子

⑤WhenwesurftheInternet,weoftencnmeacrosssuchEnglishwordsas“ASAP”

and“AFK”.

上网时，我们常会遇到像“ASAP”和“AFK”这样的英语单词。

2.resultin导致

选词填空(resultin/resultfrom/asaresult/asaresultof)

①(2019•江苏高考)Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeir

hands.

②Asaresultofmoreandmorepollution,manyspeciesaredyingout.

③(2019•北京高考)Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.

④Thefactthatheislateforworkresultsfromthetrafficjam.

［归纳法记牢］

resultfrom由….••造成；因……而产生

asaresult结果

asaresultof由于•…”的结果

［名师指津］（l）resultin的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果"；resultfrom的主语

是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。

(2)表示“导致”的词语还有：cause,leadto,contributeto等。

3.putupwith忍受；容忍

putoff延期；推迟

putout熄灭；扑灭

putup建造；张贴；供给……住宿；举起

putaside留出；存(钱)备用；把……放在一边

putaway收起来；放好

putforward提出建议；把……向前拨

［演绎法练通］

单句语法填空

①Puttingasidehisdisappointment,hesmiledandpraisedthewinner.

②ThesportsmeetingwhichistotakeplacethisFridayhastobeputoffbecause

oftheheavyrainthesedays.

补全句子

(3)Inthatcase,wewillhavetolearntoputupwithsomeofhisshortcomings

andtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.

既然那样，我们将不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并尝试发现他的优点。

④Asuggestionhasbeenputforwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.

有人提出建议，我们应该循环利用教科书。

4.so/aslongas引导条件状语从句

［教材原句］ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonso10ngasyouare

usingit-ifnot,turnitoff!

只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！

用

(1)so/aslongas"只要”，引导条件状语从句。

法

(2)引导条件状语从句的连词短语还有：incase如果；万一；oncondition

规

that只要；providedthat如果；条件是。

则

注

忌aslongas和solongas表示“只要”时，可以互换；aslongas表示

事“与……一样长”时，多用于肯定句；否定句多用SOlongas。

项

［针对训练］补全句子/句型转换

①“Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart“；一slongyouh-veLdream,

keeptryingandyou，11makeit,too.

“世上无难事，只怕有心人”；只要你有梦想，坚持尝试，你也会成功。

②（2020•天津7月高考）Jimsayswecanstayinhishouseaslongasweleave

itcleanandtidy.

吉姆说只要我们保持房子干净和整洁，我们就可以住在他的房子里。

③Aslongasyoukeepstudyinghard,youcanimproveyourmaths,（oncondition

that）

f（）nconditionthatyoukeepstudyinghard,youcanimproveyourmaths.

NO.J^拓展于应用一链高考、拓主题，未来高考比拼一个“厚度”

一、在考题集训中查验单元语基

（一）高考中的语法填空

1.（2020•全国卷II）However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthan

girls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactive

duringpuzzleplaythantheparentsofgirls.

2.（2020•全国卷III）Whatistheauthor，sstatement（state）about

multigenerationalfamilybasedon?

3.（2020•江苏高考）0ntheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories（卡

路里），onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.

4.（2020•天津5月高考）Thelocalgovernmentdoesn'thavetosacrifice

environmentalprotectiontopromoteeconomicgrowth（grow）.

5.（2020•浙江7月高考）Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,Paul

Green,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,and

TennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributions

（contribute）tothetheater.

6.（2019•全国卷HI）Chinesewomenarenotjustconsumers（consume）offashion

一theyarecentraltoitsmovement.

7.（2019,」匕京高考）“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheocean

changing,“shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”

8.（2018•全国卷I）ThatJsbadnewsfortheenvironment（environmental）-and

ourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythanthenewer

onesthatdothesamethings.

9.（2018•天津高考）Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreatea

dangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonal

property.

10.（2016,浙江高考）Undersuchcircumstances（circumstance）,smartfirmsneed

tofindwaystolettheiremployeeshaveenoughflexibilitytomanagetheirtime

efficiently.

11.（2015•天津高考）Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe"Children'sRoom”.

Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.

12.（2014•广东高考）Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandocean

experts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecorded

alllostobjectsranging（range）frompotatoestogolfgloves.

（二）高考中的阅读理解

（2019•浙江6月高考）ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,

熟词

aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasign

生义

thatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”立起来

①（2019•北京高考）Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthof

phytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leading

词类

tochangesintheocean，sappearance,v.力口强

活用

（2）（2018•全国卷HI）Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobeflooded

withobjects,v.挤满

@（2017,浙江高考）Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashard

financialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs,such

measureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration

生词（融合）.支持者

僻义②（2016•江苏高考）Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinone

plateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalso

providesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage,hewillpullatrandom

一hejustdoesn'tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.随便的

（三）高考中的完形填空

1.（2020•全国卷1）1wonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatter

the50.Ihaveaverystrongfearthattheliewe'retellingisdoingspiritual

damagetoourchildren.

A.restrictionsB.explanations

C.differencesD.consequences

解析：选D根据后文“isdoingspiritualdamagetoourchildren”可知,"我"

想知道无论结果（consequences）如何父母是否都应该告知真相。

2.（2017•江苏高考）Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery50.Buthe

quicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopracticing

itsothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell.

A.seriouslyB.proudly

C.casuallyD.naturally

解析：选C他开始练习拉大提琴时很随意，因此选择casually“随意地”。

3.（2015•广东高考）Asoursocietygrowsold,weneedthe14ofourolder

citizens.Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedtostayactiveandbedevoted.

A.protectionB.suggestions

C.contributionsD.permission

解析：选C联系本句话中的need和下一句话中的devoted可判断，由于社会趋于老

龄化，我们需要老年人所做的贡献，本空的contributions和下一句话中的devoted对应，

故选C项。protection"保护"；suggestion"建议"；permission"允许”。

4.（2012•江苏高考）Thedesiretobeconnectedhasbroughtsolitude（独处）to

anendaswe'veknownit.Peoplehavebecomesoreachableintheworldofnetworks

andconnectionsthatonecanoftenbecontacted41they*drathernotbe.Today

wecantalk,text,e-mail,chatandblog（写博客），notonlyfromourcomputers,but

fromourmobilephonesaswell.

A.evenifB.onlyif

C.asifD.ifonly

解析：选A即使他们不希望被联系到，也经常有人联系他们。evenif"即使，虽然”，

引导让步状语从句，符合语境。

（四）高考中的写作

1.（2019•全国卷H书面表达）只要你做好充分的准备，我坚信努力一定会有回报的！

（aslongas）

Aslongasyoumakefullpreparationsforit,Ifirmlybelievehardworkwill

payoff!

2.（2019•全国卷HI书面表达）在开始的时候，学生会主席会让我们展望节日的过去，

现在和未来。（强调句）

Atthebeginning,itisthechairoftheStudents'Unionthatwillgiveusa

lookintothepast,presentandfutureofthefestival.

3.（2019•北京高考书面表达）即使现在天气很好，在这些城市，你最好带上夏装和一

把雨伞。（evenif）

Eveniftheweatherisfinenow,you'dbettertakesummerwearplusanumbrella

withyouinthesecities.

4.（2019•江苏高考书面表达）毫无疑问，在欢迎仪式上我更喜欢校服而不是传统的中

国服装。（thereisnodoubtthat）

ThereisnodoubtthatIpreferIheschooluniformtoIhetraditionalChinese

dressatthewelcomeceremony.

二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇

“人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系”主题常用词汇

©satisfy□

②decline□

③waste□

④shrink□

©danger□

©emission□

©fierce□

©endangered□

©nutritious□

©industrialized□

@bnvironmental□

⑫Resident□

（greenhouse□

（Sfewareness□

@bxperience□

（@immigration