供应链英文词汇汇总

供应链英文词汇汇总

1.Supplychain:Thenetworkofmanufacturers,suppliers,distributors,retailers,andcustomersinvolvedintheproductionanddistributionofgoodsorservices.

2.Logistics:Theprocessofplanning,implementing,andcontrollingtheefficientandeffectiveflowandstorageofgoods,services,andinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumption.

3.Inventory:Thestockofgoodsormaterialsheldbyacompanyforproduction,sales,ordistribution.

4.Distribution:Theprocessofdeliveringproductsorservicestocustomersorend-users.

5.Procurement:Theprocessofacquiringgoods,services,orworksfromanexternalsource,usuallythroughatenderingorbiddingprocess.

6.Demandforecasting:Theprocessofestimatingfuturedemandforaproductorservicebasedonhistoricaldata,markettrends,andotherfactors.

7.Supplier:Apersonororganizationthatprovidesgoodsorservicestoanotherorganization.

8.Manufacturer:Apersonorcompanythatproducesgoodsorproducts.

9.Transportation:Themovementofgoodsorpeoplefromoneplacetoanotherusingvariousmodesoftransportsuchastrucks,ships,planes,ortrains.

10.Warehouse:Abuildingorfacilityusedforthestorageofgoodsormaterialsbeforetheyaredistributedorsold.

11.RFID(RadioFrequencyIdentification):Atechnologythatusesradiowavestoautomaticallyidentifyandtrackobjectsorindividuals.

12.Just-in-time(JIT):Aproductionandinventorymanagementapproachthatfocusesonproducinganddeliveringgoodsorservicesattheexacttimetheyareneeded,withoutbuildinguplargeinventories.

13.Leadtime:Thetimeittakesforasuppliertodelivergoodsorservicesafteranorderhasbeenplaced.

14.Kanban:Avisualsystemusedtocontrolinventorylevelsandmanageproductionprocessesbysignalingwhentoreordermaterialsorproducenewproducts.

15.BillofMaterials(BOM):Acomprehensivelistofallthecomponents,parts,andmaterialsrequiredtomanufactureaproduct.

16.Qualitycontrol:Theprocessofensuringthatproductsorservicesmeetthespecifiedqualitystandardsandcustomerrequirements.

17.Reverselogistics:Theprocessofmanagingthereturnofgoodsfromthecustomerbacktothemanufacturerorsupplier.

18.Orderfulfillment:Theprocessofreceiving,processing,anddeliveringcustomerorders.

19.Cross-docking:Alogisticsstrategythatinvolvesunloadinggoodsfromanincomingtruckorcontainerandloadingthemdirectlyontooutboundtrucksorcontainers,withoutstoringtheminawarehouse.

20.Coldchain:Asystemoftemperature-controlledsupplychainmanagementusedtopreserveandtransportperishablegoods,suchasfoodorpharmaceuticals,inacontrolledtemperatureenvironment.

21.Supplychainmanagement(SCM):Thestrategiccoordinationoftheprocessesandactivitiesinvolvedinthesupplychain,includingprocurement,production,inventorymanagement,andlogistics.

22.Supplychaindisruption:Aneventthatinterruptsthenormalflowofgoodsorservicesinthesupplychain,oftencausingdelaysorshortages.

23.Supplychainvisibility:Theabilitytotrackandmonitorthestatusofgoodsorservicesacrossthesupplychaininreal-time.

24.Supplychainoptimization:Theprocessofimprovingtheefficiencyandeffectivenessofthesupplychainthroughtheapplicationofanalyticalmethodsandtechnologies.

25.Globalization:Theprocessofintegratingtheworld'seconomies,cultures,andpolicies,whichhasasignificantimpactonsupplychainmanagement.

26.Outsourcing:Thepracticeofcontractingoutcertainbusinessfunctions,suchasmanufacturingorlogistics,tothird-partycompanies.

27.Nearshoring:Thestrategicdecisiontolocatesupplychainactivitiesclosertothefinalmarketorconsumer,oftentoreduceleadtimesandimproveflexibility.

28.E-commerce:Thebuyingandsellingofgoodsorservicesoveranelectronicnetwork,suchastheinternet,typicallyusingawebbrowserormobileapp.

29.Customerrelationshipmanagement(CRM):Asoftwaresolutionusedtomanageinteractionswithcustomersandpotentialcustomers,whichcanalsobeintegratedintosupplychainmanagement.

30.Blockchain:Adistributeddigitalledgertechnologythatcanbeusedtoenhancesupplychaintransparency,security,andefficiency.

31.Collaboration:Theprocessofworkingtogetherwithsuppliers,customers,andotherpartnersinthesupplychaintoachievesharedobjectivesandimproveoverallperformance.

32.Strategicsourcing:Theprocessofidentifyingandselectingthebestsuppliersforacompany'sneeds,basedonfactorssuchascost,quality,reliability,andsustainability.

33.Riskmanagement:Theprocessofidentifying,analyzing,andmitigatingpotentialrisksinthesupplychaintoprotectthecompanyfromdisruptionsandfinancialloss.

34.Sustainablesupplychain:Asupplychainthatconsidersenvironmental,social,andeconomicfactorsinitsoperations,aimingtominimizenegativeimpactsandmaximizepositivecontributions.

35.Just-in-sequence(JIS):AmanufacturingandlogisticsapproachsimilartoJIT,butitfocusesondeliveringproductsintheexactsequencerequiredforthenextstageofproduction.

36.Single-sourcesupplier:Acompanythatreliesonasinglesupplierforaparticularproductorservice,whichcanincreasetheriskofsupplychaindisruption.

37.Multi-modaltransportation:Theuseoftwoormoretransportationmodes,suchastruck,rail,andship,tomovegoodsfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumption.

38.Supplychainresilience:Theabilityofasupplychaintoadaptandrecoverquicklyfromdisruptions,ensuringcontinuityofoperationsandminimalimpactoncustomers.

39.Totalcostofownership(TCO):Aneconomicanalysisthattakesintoaccountallcostsassociatedwithacquiringandmaintaininganasset,includingpurchaseprice,operatingcosts,anddisposalcosts.

40.Supplychainintegration:Theprocessofconnectingandsynchronizingthevariousactivitiesandprocessesinthesupplychaintoimproveefficiencyandreducecosts.

41.Last-miledelivery:Thefinalstageofasupplychain,wheregoodsaredeliveredfromatransportationhubtotheendcustomer'slocation.

42.Transportationmanagementsystem(TMS):Asoftwaresystemusedtomanageandoptimizetransportationoperations,includingcarrierselection,routeplanning,andfreightsettlement.

43.Supplychaincollaborationplatform:Asoftwaresolutiondesignedtofacilitatecommunicationanddatasharingbetweensupplychainpartners,improvingcollaborationandvisibility.

44.Inventorymanagementsystem:Asoftwaresystemusedtotrackandmanageinventorylevels,optimizestocklevels,andreducewaste.

45.Productlifecyclemanagement(PLM):Asystematicapproachtomanagingtheentirelifecycleofaproductfrominception,throughengineeringdesignandmanufacturing,toserviceanddisposal.

46.Supplychainanalytics:Theu