初高中英语衔接非谓语动词做补语课件

2022非谓语动词(3)做补语非谓语动词概述一个简单句只能有一个动词做谓语，这个动词叫谓语动词；在这个简单句中，其他没有做谓语的动词，不管有多少个，都不能做谓语，这些动词就叫非谓语动词。形式：动词不定式todo；动名词doing；分词(现在分词doing,过去分词done)功能：谓语动词作谓语，非谓语动词作除谓语以外的成分，主宾表定状补。非谓语动词作补语补语概念：•主语补足语：是紧跟在系动词之后的词或短语并添加信息，用来识别或描述句子的主语。可以当作主语补语的通常有名词，代词，形容词或名词短语。•宾语补足语：在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要宾补来补充说明宾语的意义、状态。说明宾语是干什么，怎么样的。宾补可由名词、形容词、数词、介词短语等充当。•allowsb.todosth.Eg.MyfatherallowedmetowatchTV.•sb.beallowedtodosth.Eg.IwasallowedtowatchTV(bymyfather).非谓语动词做补语非谓语动词作补语一、用不定式作补语的动词及动词词组用不定式作补语的动词及动词词组有advise，allow，ask，beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,

warn,

wish，waitfor,

callon,

dependon等。Eg.Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.这里不允许吸烟。Thedoctorwarnedhimnottoeattoomuchmeat.医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉。非谓语动词作补语注意(1)think,consider,believe,suppose,feel,find,imagine,prove,appoint，judge等后常用“tobe...”作宾补/主补。People

considered

himtobeagreatleader.人们认为他是一位伟大的领袖。Theyfoundtheanswertobequitesatisfactory

.他们觉得这个回答非常令人满意。Chinesefoodisconsidered

tobethehealthiest

intheworld.中餐被认为是世界上最健康的。Heimagineshimselftobeanableman.他自认为是个能人。非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补1.感官动词see,

watch,

observe,

notice,

hear,

feel的语补足语有四种形式,以see为例：•see+宾语+doingsth.看见…正在做…(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系,动作正在进行)Eg.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.•see+宾语+dosth.看见…做了…(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系,动作已经完成)Eg.IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补1.感官动词see,

watch,

observe,

notice,

hear,

feel的语补足语有四种形式,以see为例：•see+宾语+beingdone看见…正在被做(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系,动作正在进行)Eg.IheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbythelittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.•see+宾语+done看见…被做(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系,动作没有一定的时间性)Eg.I'dliketoseetheplancarriedout.非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况•make+宾语+do

让…做…

(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系)Eg.

Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。•make+宾语+done

让…被做…

(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)Eg.Hetriedtomakehimself

understood.他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况•let+宾语+do

让…做某事…

(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系)Eg.

Don'tletyourchildplaywithmatches.别让你的孩子玩火柴。•let+宾语+be

done

让…被做

(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)Eg.Lettheworkbedoneimmediately.工作要马上去做。非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况•have+宾语+do

sth.让…做某事…

(主动关系)•have+宾语+doingsth.使…持续做某事

(主动关系)•have+宾语+done

使…被做

(被动关系)注意：①havesth.done还表示“使…遭受…”之意。Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.汤姆踢足球时摔断了腿。非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补②havesb.doing若用于否定句中，其中have有“允许、容忍”之意。Iwon'thaveyouspeakingtoyourdadlikethat.我不允许你对你父亲那样讲话。③have还可用于havesomethingtodo结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有紧急的事要通知你们。非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况•get+宾语+todo

sth.使…做某事

(主动关系)•get+宾语+doingsth.使…做某事

(主动关系)•get+宾语+done

使…被做

(被动关系)Eg.

Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他让我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们朝前线行进。I’llgetmybikerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的自行车。非谓语动词作补语二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补3.下列动词(词组)在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中要加上to——吾看三使两厅一感觉。5看(lookat，see，watch，notice，observe)；3使(make，let，have)；2听(listento，hear)；1感觉(feel)。Eg.Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.IseehimwalktoschoolHeisseentowalktoschool.非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•leavesb./sth.doingsth.让某人/物一直做某事(主动，进行)Eg.It'swrongtoleavethemachinerunning.让机器一直运转着是不对的。(主动，进行)•leavesth.undone留下某事未做(被动，完成，一般以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched居多)Eg.Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,becausetheydidn'ttastedelicious.大部分的菜客人们都没动，因为它们不可口。(被动，完成)非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•leavesb.todosth.留下某人去做某事(主动，将来)Eg.Heleft,leavingmetodoalltherestwork.他走了，留下我去做剩余的所有工作。(主动，将来)•leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做(被动，将来)Eg.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下很多问题等待解决。(被动，将来)非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•keepsb./sth.doing使某人/物一直做某事Eg.Keeptheenginerunning.别让发动机熄火。•keepsb./sth.done使某人/物被…(表示被动且完成,或表示状态)Eg.Youshouldkeepmeinformedofhiswhereabouts.你应该让我了解他的行踪。非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•findsb.doing发现某人正在做某事Eg.Ifoundherquietlyweepingalone.我经常发现她独自默默流泪。•findsb./sth.done发现某人/物已经…(表状态或完成)Eg.Ifoundhimburiedinanovel.我发现他在埋头读一本小说。•findsb./sth.tobe…发现某人/物…Eg.Wefoundhimtobedishonest.我们发现他不诚实。非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•catchsb.doingsth.撞见某人正在做某事Eg.IcaughtJohnreadingmyprivateletters.我撞见约翰在看我的私人信件。非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•withsb./sth.doing(表主动且进行,或表特征)

Eg.Withaboyleadingtheway,theystartedtowardsthevillage.由一个小男孩领着路，他们朝那个村子去了。•withsth.beingdone(表被动且进行)Eg.Withmybikebeingrepaired,Icangonowhere.我自行车正在被修,我哪儿也去不了。非谓语动词作补语三、动词leave，keep，find，catch及介词with后非谓语动词作宾补的情况•withsth.done(表被动且完成,或表状态)Eg.With

the

work

done,

he

went

home.工作做完后，他回了家。•withsth.todo(表示将来)Eg.

Withalotofworktodo,hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。非谓语动词作补语四、常用不定式作主语补足语的句型sb./sth.besaid/believed/known/supposed/reported/considered/found/thought+todo/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone+其他。Eg.Heissaidtohavegoneabroad.(=Itissaidthathehasgoneabroad.)据说他出国了。Heatisconsideredtobeaformofenergy.热能被认为是一种能量形式。You’resupposedtopaythebillbyFriday.你应该在星期五前付账。技巧点拨非谓语动词作补语宾语或主语与提示词为逻辑上的主动关系•doing•(to)do宾语或主语与提示词为逻辑上的被动关系•被动、完成：done•被动、将来：tobedone•被动、进行：beingdone练习：非谓语作补语surroundingblockedunderstandtogiveupfollowing非谓语动词总结非谓语动词总结不定式①基本形式：todo（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）Eg.Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.老师让我们做早操。②被动式：tobedone（表示被动，并且一般表示将来）Eg.Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。③进行式：tobedoing（表示主动和进行）Eg.Shepretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.老师进来时，她假装正在读书。非谓语动词总结不定式④完成时：tohavedone（表示主动和完成）Eg.Thethiefissaidtohaveescaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。⑤完成被动式：tohavebeendone（表示被动和完成）Eg.Thethiefissaidtohavebeenarrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。⑥完成进行式：tohavebeendoing（表示主动和完成进行）Eg.Sheissaidtohavebeenworkinginthefactoryoverthelast20years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。非谓语动词总结非谓语动词总结非谓语动词总结3.现在分词①基本形式：doing（表示主动和进行）Eg.Hesatthere,

readinganewspaper.他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。②被动式：beingdone（表示被动和进行）Eg.Theareabeingstudiedmayberichincoal.这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。非谓语动词总结3.现在分词③完成式：havingdone（表示主动和完成）Eg.Havingfinishedmyhomework,

IbegantowatchTV.完成作业后，我开始看电视。④完成被动式：havingbeendone（表示被动和完成）Eg.Havingbeentoldmanytimes，shestillcan’trememberit.已经被告诉了很多次，她仍然记不住。非谓语动词总结4.过去分词及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；pollutedriver被污染的河流不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。fallenleaves落叶注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行、将来和完成时是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来；发生在谓语动作之前表示完成。非谓语动词练习一、单项选择1.Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother________goodcareofathome.A.takingB.takenC.takeD.betaken2._______fromWhyDoCatsLoveBookstoresbyJasonDiamond,thearticlewaschosenasapartofthetestpaper.BeingadaptedB.AdaptedC.BeingsuitedD.Suited3.Theirnewproject______attheconference,theexcitedscholarsdecidedtohaveabarbecuetocelebratethefantasticmoment.toapprove B.beingapprovedC.havingapproved D.havingbeenapprovedBBD一、单项选择BAB一、单项选择7.Ididn’tmean________anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp________it.A.toeat;totry B.eating;tryingC.eating;totry D.toeat;trying8.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwenton________allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.tothank B.

thanking C.

havingthanked D.

tohavethanked9.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearit________liveisquiteanother.A.

perform B.

performing C.

toperform D.

beingperformedDAD一、单项选择10.Thesekidspretended______whenhewastellingthemthesamejoke______hedidlasttime.A．laughing;which B．tohavelaughed;asC．laughing;/ D．tobelaughing;that11.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourclassthatnever______amistakeevenwhenitispointedouttohim.A.admitmaking B.admitsmaking C.admittomake D.admitstomake12.Allthethings______,theoldmanwenthomehappilywithhislittlegrandson.A.tohavefinished B.done C.tofinish D.beingfinishedDBB二、单句语法填空livingbeinggivencrossed二、单句语法填空floodedleadingchallengingtobuyTorespond三、语篇语法填空I