Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking知识点课件高一英语人教版

[重点短语]1.

把……和……连接或联结起来

2.

属于3.

同(一样也);和;还4.

导致;造成5.

与……相似6.

按照;根据……所说7.

增加;增添8.

导致;造成;引起9.

涉及,谈到,提到,引证;查阅;参考10.

接收;接管11.

作为……著名join...to...

belongto

aswellasleadto

besimilarto

accordingto

addto

resultinreferto

takeover

beknownas

12.keepyoureyesopen(for)

13.breakaway(fromsb/sth)

14.ifany

15.leavebehind

16.datebackto

留心;留意

脱离;背叛;逃脱如果有的话

把……丢在后面;留下;忘带

追溯到……重点词汇1.individual

adj.单独的;个别的

n.个人Anidiomisanexpressionwhichmeanssomethingdifferentfromthemeaningoftheindividualwords.(教材原句)习语是一种表达方式,它的意思与单个词的意思不同。【词汇拓展】individualismn.个人主义individuallyadv.个别地【背佳句】Theywaitforthegrouptodecideinsteadofmakingindividualdecisions.他们等待团体做决定而不是各自做出决定。2.puzzle

n.谜;智力游戏;疑问

vt.迷惑;使困惑GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.(教材原句)

稍微了解一下英国历史,就会帮助你解开这个谜题。【词汇拓展】puzzleover/about苦思冥想;绞尽脑汁beinapuzzle(about)(对……)不知如何是好puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的puzzledadj.困惑的;感到迷惑的be/feelpuzzledabout对……迷惑不解【词汇拓展】breakdown(机器)出故障;(谈判等)失败breakin插嘴;闯入breakinto闯入;突然……起来breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发breakup拆散;驱散;使(关系等)破裂;解散;分手breakthrough取得突破;克服4.belong

to

属于Thefourcountriesthatbelong

totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.(教材原句)同属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。【词汇拓展】belongvi.应在(某处);适应belongto还可表示“是……的财产;是……的组成部分;是……的成员(属于)”,不能用于进行时态和被动语态。belongingsn.

财产;所有物;相关事物5.as

well

as

同(一样也);和;还Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,as

well

assharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(教材原句)像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。【词汇拓展】aswellas同(一样也);和;还,在句中连接同等成分aswellas后接动词时多用动词-ing形式;当“AaswellasB”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数上保持一致aswellas...同……一样好aswell也,置于肯定句句末may/mightaswelldosth最好做某事【词汇拓展】indefence保卫,防守indefenceof...为了保卫……insb’sdefence为某人辩护defendvt.保护;保卫defendagainst抵御defendoneself自卫;为……辩护defend...from/against...保卫……免受……伤害defensiveadj.防御的,保护的【词汇拓展】surround...with...使……包围……besurroundedwith/by被……包围surroundingadj.

周围的surroundingsn.

环境单句填空①It’s

(evidence)thattheystayuptoolatestudyingordoingsomethingelseatnight.

②

(evident),airpollutionisthemainfactorthathasresultedinthefrequencyofhazyweather.

完成句子③他拿不出足够的证据证明这些钱属于他。Hecouldn’tshow

thesemoneybelongedtohim.

evident

Evidently

enoughevidencethat

9.achievement

n.成就;成绩;达到Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.(教材原句)他们的一些伟大成就包括建立城镇、修建了道路。【词汇拓展】asenseofachievement成就感 achievevt.完成;达到vi.成功achieveone’ssuccess获得成功

achieveone’sgoal达到目标【词汇拓展】thereissomeevidencethat...有证据证明……evidentadj.明显的;明白的Itisevidentthat...显然(很明显)……evidentlyadv.显然,明显地;清楚地PartI课文语法填空Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks

WHAT'SINANAME?

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England--manypeople___________bywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.So________isthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?_________(get)toknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoined_________

(create)theKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomoflreland__________(add)tocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.areconfusedwhat

GettingtocreatewasaddedPartI课文语法填空

Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartoflrelandbrokeaway_______theUK

,________resultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusethe_________(short)name:"theUnitedKingdom"or"theUK".PeoplefromtheUK_________(call)"British”whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredto____BritainorGreatBritain.

Thefourcountries__________belongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyuse____sameflag,________(know)astheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitary

defence.

However,theyalsohavesome__________(different).Forexample,England,WalesScotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.fromwhichasshortened

arecalled

that/which

theknowndifferences(1)beinapuzzle(about)对(……)感到困惑不解apuzzletosb.对某人来说是个谜(2)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的

puzzledadj.d感到困惑的bepuzzledwith/about对……迷惑不解【即学即练】④Helooked_________(puzzle),soIrepeatedthequestion.⑤Thisletter_________(puzzle)me,asweallknow.⑥Ifindthequestion________(puzzle).⑦Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaid_______(puzzle)helpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.puzzledpuzzlespuzzlingpuzzlesPartII课文知识点详解PartII课文知识点详解③Therewasnoonenearbywhomightseehimtryingtobreakintothehouse.当时附近可能没有人看见他试图闯进那所房子。④Thefiremenarrivedshortlyafterthefirebrokeout.火灾发生没多久,消防员就来了。【用法详解】breakin打断;插嘴;强行闯入(不及物动词短语)breakinto突然开始;强行闯入(及物动词短语)breakout(战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生breakdown出故障;消除;分解;打破;垮掉breakup分解;解散;(关系)破裂PartII课文知识点详解⑤Theboywassoangrythathebrokeaway_______hismotherandranaway.⑥AsthePresident'scararrived,thecrowdbroke______loudapplause.⑦Whenthenewscamethatthewarbroke______,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.⑧Theycansometimesbreak_________andyouhavetospendtime.完成句子⑨Thehorse_________________myhorsepoleandranwildly.这匹马挣脱了我的套马杆,狂奔起来。fromintooutdownbrokeawayfromPartII课文知识点详解③Pleasemakesureyouhaveallyourbelongingswithyouwhenleavingtheplane.请确保在下飞机时带好所有的随身物品。belongto属于;是……的一员belongingn.拨belongingsn.(pl.)所有物;财物归属感，belongto中的to是介词,该短语既不能用于被动语态也不能用于进行时态;作后置定语时，常用现在分词PartII课文知识点详解(1)aswellas常在句中连接两个并列的句子成分(若连接主语及其附属成分时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致);(2)aswell“除……之外;也;还”,常位于肯定句句末,无需用逗号与句子分开。④ManystudentsaswellasTom________(be)presentatthemeeting.(2)完成句子⑤IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIcanspeakFrench_________.我会说流利的英语,也会说法语。⑥Youwillalwayshavethebad___________thegoodintheworld.人生在世总是有苦有甜。wereaswellaswellasPartII课文知识点详解★defencen.防御;保卫【例句】①Itisourdutytodefendourmotherland.保卫祖国是我们的职责。②Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢?③Thesoldiersdefendedbravelyagainstenemies.战士们奋勇抵御敌人。(1)defense(美)=defence(英)n.防守;防御;保卫;辩护indefence(of)保卫(……);为……辩护(2)defendvt.defendoneself自卫;为自己辩护防御;保卫;防守;辩护defendsb.from/against保护某人免受……PartII课文知识点详解5.Almosteverywhereyougointheuk,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。★surroundvt.围绕;包围【例句】①Onceuponatime,akingwhowaspolitetosurroundingcountrieslivedinacastlesurroundedbyalargeforestandhavingwonderfulsurroundings.从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeople

areconfusedby

whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.beconfusedby对...感到困惑thedifferencebetween...之间的差异ifany如果有的话;ifso如果那样的话solvethispuzzle

解决这个难题shortenv.缩短

resultin导致;resultfrom由于breakawayfrom

脱离;背叛；逃脱beadded加入bejoinedto加入动名词做主语

todo表目的

which引导的非限制性定语从句

定语从句修饰

name

which引导的非限制性定语从句

referto...as把…称为DifficultSentences1.if条件状语从句的省略形式Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?如果有的话，那么它们之间有什么区别呢？类似用法：ifsoifnotifnecessaryifpossible如果这样的话如果不这样的话如果有必要的话如果可能的话你在考试中作弊了吗？如果这样的话，你逃脱不了惩罚。2.我可以帮你，如果有必要的话。3.请按时完成任务，如果不这样的话，你逃脱不了惩罚。IfsoIcanhelpyou,Pleasefinishthetasksontime.,youwon’tgetawaywithit.ifnecessary.Ifnot,youwon’tgetawaywithit.Didyoucheatintheexam?[巩固内化]单句语法填空

①Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha

question,shestoodtherewitha

lookonherface.(puzzle)

②Shelostheartsinceshefailedtheexam,becauseherfuturewas______(puzzle).

③Peoplehavelongpuzzled

howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.

[知识回顾](1)puzzle

about/over冥思苦想;苦苦思索

(2)a

puzzle

to

sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情(3)be

puzzled

about对……迷惑不解

puzzlementn.迷惑，困惑puzzledadj.感到困惑的puzzlingadj.令人费解的puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等状态类过去分词就是形容词,用来修饰说明人时,除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外,还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词,如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。puzzlingpuzzled

puzzling

over/about[巩固内化]单句语法填空

①Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha

question,shestoodtherewitha

lookonherface.(puzzle)

②Shelostheartsinceshefailedtheexam,becauseherfuturewas______(puzzle).

③Peoplehavelongpuzzled

howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.

puzzlingpuzzled

[巩固内化]短语适当形式填空

①However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingand

toformitsowngovernment.

②Ifyougoonworkinglikethat,youwill

soonerorlater.

③Inmyopinion,marriagebasedonmoneyislikelyto

.

④Fire

duringthenight.

[知识归纳]break

down损坏;发生故障;分解;累垮

break

into破门而入break

out(战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生

break

up

结束;破裂

break

in破门而入;打断;插话brokeawaybreakdown

breakup

brokeout

belongto属于worktogether团结

aswellas

也，和currencyn.通货,货币

militarydefence军事防御

legalsystem法律体系

illegaladj.不合法的illegallyadv.不合法地

定语从句修饰

countries

过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰thesameflag

非限制性定语从句whichisknownastheUnionJack[巩固内化]单句语法填空

①Havingsoldmostofhis

(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.

②Inmyopinion,you’dbetterputthebook

itbelongs.

③Thewoodenhouse

(belong)tomeisbeingdecoratednow.

[知识回顾](1)belong

to属于;是……的成员;是……的组成部分(2)belonging

n.归属感;所有物a

sense

of

belonging归属感belongings

n.所有物;财产[知识点拨]belongto没有被动语态和进行时态,用作非谓语动词时要使用动词-ing形式。belongings

where

belonging

[知识回顾](1)as

well

as“既……又……”,可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与as

well

as之前的主语一致。(2)as

well“也;又;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。(3)may/might

as

well

do

sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事wasgivenmay/mighthaving

TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistory

toexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedby

evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeople

whotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.Theyhadcastlesbuil