高三英语一轮复习语法专题定语从句课件

RevisionoftheAttributiveClause定语从句复习语法填空备考方向：

三年考点归纳考点题型

定语从句语法填空

试卷类型

定语从句

考点

2022·新高考I卷

that

关系代词

2022·全国甲卷

who

非限定性定从

2022年浙江1月

that/who

关系代词

2021新课标II卷

that/which

关系代词

2020新课标III卷

whose

关系代词that/which

whosewho/that

where5.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork，________helpsthemkeepfit.(2018·北京卷)6.Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,_________allowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.(2019·全国I卷)7.(2022年全国甲卷)Onthe1,100

kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.whichwhich

who

1.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.

天助自助者.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好.2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.TranslatethefollowingEnglishproverbsintoChineseandthenpickouttheattributiveclauses.3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.

不到长城非好汉.知足者常乐.4.Hewhoiscontentisalwayshappy.LearningAims(学习目标）:了解定语从句的定义,分类及关系词。2.掌握如何选用关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句3.掌握定语从句中只能使用that,不用which或只用which

不用that引导从句的情况4.掌握whose用法5.as

的用法6.theway用做先行词7.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句8.一些特殊词之后的用where定语从句9.定语从句中主谓一致问题及其它重要考点10.练习并学会运用定语从句在复合句中修饰某一或的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后被定语从句修饰的词叫引导定语从句的词叫定语从句先行词关系词Task1Definition关系代词:________,_________,__________,_________,_________,_________关系副词：_________,_________,_________

which

that

who

whom

whose

as

when

where

why名词代词先行词关系词。2．分类：

定语从句分为和。对先行词起到作用。

对先行词起到的作用，形式上通常与先行词之间用隔开。如：IhaveasonwhoisnowstudyingintheUSA.我有一个在美国读书的儿子。Ihaveason,whoisnowstudyingintheUSA.我有一个儿子，他在美国读书。限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句修饰限定补充说明

逗号限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句3.关系词的作用☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：_____（连接定语从句和主句）2._____（替代前面的先行词）3.______（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。连接替代充当成分Activity2AnalyzetheAttributiveclauses.Theman

who

livesnextdoorisadentist.Thisisthestore

where

Iboughtmybike.Mozicamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.familywhichwasverypoor.Relativewords连接词NOUN（名词）Antecedent先行词Clause从句+relativepronoun

关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthataswhoseRelativeadverb关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语,宾语)whom(宾语)that(主语,宾语)whose(定语)as(主语,宾语,表语)which(主语,宾语)that(主语,宾语)whose(定语)as(主语,宾语,表语)Where(地点状语)When(时间状语)Why(原因状语)基础知识回顾定语从句三步法：1.找出先行词2.看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（作什么成分？主语、宾语、定语或状语）3.选择合适的关系词1.

I’llneverforgettheday________wework

together.

2.

I’llneverforgettheday__________wespent

together.

3.

Iwenttotheplace__________Iworkedtenyearsago.4.

Iwenttotheplace__________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.

Thisisthereason__________hewaslate.6.

Thisisthereason__________hegave.

whenthat/whichwherethat/whichwhythat/whichSummary:

关系代词：在从句中做主语或宾语关系副词：在从句中做状语Task2：关系代词与关系副词的选用关系副词=介词+关系代词

why=forwhichwhere=in/at/onwhich

when=during/on/inwhich（介词同先行词搭配）Thisisthehouseinwhich/whereIlivedlastyear.Thisisthereasonforwhich/whyhewaslateforschool.That'sthedayonwhich/whenImethiminthestreet.Task3．读下列句子并归纳只用that引导定语从句的情况。1.Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttreethatisinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisisthesecondnovel

that

Ihaveeverread.4.Thisisthevery/onlythingthatIwaslookingfor.5.Thereisnothingintheworldthatcanfrightenme.6.Thereislittletimethatwecanuse.7.Whoisthemanthatisreadingthere?8.Whichisthebook

thatyouwilllendtome?归纳：只使用that的情况:1.先行词______________时.（如句1）2.当先行词被__________________________________修饰时.（如句2,3,4）3.先行词本身是_______________词（句如5）

(此类词有：______________________________________________________).4.当先行词被_________________修饰时.(如句6)5.主句是以_________________开头的特殊疑问句时。(如句7,8)有人又有物

形容词最高级序数词，thevery

，

不定代

little，few,much等

which,who

theonly

everything,nothing,something,anything,(1)紧跟介词作宾语Therearemanytreesunder

whichtheycanhavearest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football,

whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.一般用which而不用that的情况。Task4：whose用法Summary：whose+名词

=the+名词

=ofwhich/whomthe+

既可以修饰______也可以修饰_____的先行词。关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格,例：

Thehousewhosewindowsarebrokenisempty。

Doyouknowanyonewhose

familyisinXi’an?.DoyouknowanyonethefamilyofwhomisinXi’an?DoyouknowanyoneofwhomthefamilyisinXi’an?指人指物+ofwhich/whom名词

as引导的非限制性定语从句及与which的区别1._____isknowntoall,theearthisround.2.Theearthisround,_________isknowntoall.3.TheBeatles,_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.

4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.which/asAsas引导定语从句放主句前,中,后均可，which只能放主句后.As与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用,意为“正如、正像”。asaswhichas引导的非限制性定语从句as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明.通常用于asweallknow,asisusual,asisknowntoall,asissaidabove,asalwaysmentionedaboveasisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaper等句式中。如：AsisknowntotheUnitedStates,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.美国人都知道，马克.吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语)Heforgottobringhispenwithhim,aswasoftenthecase.他忘了带笔，这是常事。(as在从句中作主语)Task5：as的用法such...as\that1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as等结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。难点：as的用法做题技巧(1)?当主句中出现such或so时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:(1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as（定语从句）(2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that（结果状语从句）

as缺主语或宾语（定语从句）such/so+n

that不缺主语和宾语（结果状语从句）当主句中出现thesame时,后面从句缺主语或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物,与that搭配表同一个事物

as同一类事物Thesame+nthat同一个事物做题技巧(2)?1)ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.(2)ThisisthesamebookthatIlentyouyesterday.做题技巧?填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语Task6：theway用做先行词theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填Task7：介词+关系词引导的定语从句1.Doyouknowtheboy______yourmotheristalking?2.Istillremembertheday_______IfirstgottoParis.3.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.towhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwho/

whom/thatIwilllookafter.5.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。4.Hegavemesomenovels___________

Iamnotveryfamiliarwith.which/that/不填Theschool______________heoncestudiedisveryfamous.

Task7介词+关系代词引导的定语从句：注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等Thisisthewatch（which/that）

Iamlookingfor.2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指物时只能用which；指人时只能用whom

Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.Theschool___________heoncestudiedin

isveryfamous.

Theman(whom)youtalkedwithismyfriend.(that/which)inwhich/where我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。Task8：一些特殊词之后的where解析：如果定语从句分别修饰,

等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。point，situationcase,

stage,position,condition

isTask9:定语从句中主谓一致问题singsingshas先行词1).a.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesof_______wereblackwithdisease.b.Isawsometrees,theleavesof______wereblackwithdisease.2).a.Theprofessorisalittleman,onthenoseof______thereisapairofglasses.b.Theprofessorisalittleman,andonthenoseof______thereisapairofglasses解题点拨:是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。

themwhomwhichhim

______高考考点—易混句型定语从句与并列句______

非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较Hehastwosons.Bothof_____areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,andbothof______areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons;bothof_____areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,bothof_______areteachers.（

句）A.them

B.whomA简

单AA并

列并

列B定

语

从

where\that1.Itisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthelibrary____Iborrowedthebook.where定语从句that强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when难点.综合考查

近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews_________hetoldusyesterday.thatthat/which/—that/which定语从句和同位语从句的区别1.定语从句的先行词可以是具体名词，也可以是抽象名词，从句是修饰先行词的。同位语从句的先行词是抽象名词，从句是说明先行词的具体内容。2.That引导的引导的定语从句在从句当中充当主语或宾语，充当宾语时可以省略而同位语从句中that只起连接词的作用，不充当成分。也不可以省略。1.Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.2.Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.whatBC对比训练(一)

1.ItwasOctober_____wemetinTomforthefirsttime.2.ItwasinOctober_____wemetinTomforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whileCA对比训练（二）

1.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllikehim.2.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.whichBC(1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as（定语从句）(2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that（结果状语从句）当主句中出现such或so时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:对比训练（三）关系代词不难记, 听我逐个来分析。which指物人用who,人物都有that顾。既可作主又作宾,句子成分不操心。先行词是人时,who作主语很称职。从句如果少宾语,who和whom随便你。定从之中少定语,whose为你唱一曲。Whose指人又指物,所属关系要记住。Summary1.I’vereadallthebooks____yougaveme.

A.which

B.them

C.what

D.that2.Thereisn’tmuch___Icando.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.how

CDI.Choosetherightanswer.课堂练习3.LastSundaytheyreachedQingda