高考英语完形填空解题技能省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

高考英语完形填空解题技能1/56答题技巧：依据并列关系解答依据语意复现解答利用前后搭配解答利用逻辑推理解答2/56高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（1）根据并列关系解答完形填空题3/56因果关系、类属关系相对关系等并列，就是指由and或or连接并列成份同类关系4/56[例1]Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23

andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.23.A.sick B.slim C.short D.small因果关系[解析]

选项中只有ill才与pale有相关性(因果关系)，即因为“生病”，所以脸色才会“苍白”，故选A。5/56[例2]EdgarAllanPoe,whoselifewasshortandseeminglyunhappy,wrotestoriesandpoemsofmysteryand

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insanity(疯狂)anddeath.(届佛山二模)22.A.happiness B.science C.society D.terror同类关系[解析]因为只有terror(恐怖)才与mystery(神秘)、insanity(疯狂)和death(死亡)是表示同类意义名词，而不可能是与“happiness(幸福)”“science(科学)”或“society(社会)”并列，故选D。6/56[例3]EdgarAllanPoeisalsorememberedasthefatherofmoderndetectivefiction,storiesofaninvestigatorwhohastosolvemurdersandother

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(届佛山二模)27.A.accidents B.crimes C.events D.incidents类属关系[解析]因为“murder(凶杀)”是各种“crimes(犯罪)”行为中一个，所以与“murder(凶杀)”并列应是“其它各种犯罪行为”，故选B。7/56[例4]WhenChristwasbornnearlytwothousand

years

ago,manypeople,richand_______,gavehimpresents.A.ill B.healthy C.poor D.tall相对关系[解析]因为由句意可知，应该是指“耶稣出生时，许多人，不论贫富，都给他礼品”，故选择与rich相对意义poor，即选C。8/56Nobelwasupsettofindoutnotthathehaddied,butthat,whenhistimewasup,hewouldbethoughtofonlyasonewhoprofitedfrom_____anddestruction.A.deathB.diseaseC.trouble D.attack1.A。与destruction(毁灭)并列应该是death(死亡)，故选A。即时练习9/562.Thepoverty(贫困)was

worsethananythingmyyoungcompanionshadeverimagined.Backinthehotel,anairofsadnesssettledoverthegroup.Many

________andcried.(年浙江28题)gaveup

B.brokedown

C.setoff

D.heldon2.B。与cried(哭)并列应该是breakdown(情绪失控)，故选B。10/563.It’snoteasybeingateenager–norisiteasybeingtheparentofateenager.Youcanmakeyourchildfeelangry,hurt,or______bywhatyousaywithoutrealizingityourself.A.dismissed B.misunderstood C.misled D.satisfied3.B。与angry(生气)和hurt(伤害)意义相关应该是misunderstood(误解)，故选B。11/564.…mymothersaidthatwemightsoonbeleavingforAmerica…Iwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives.WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee---thestrangeand______placesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.A.unfrequented B.remote C.different D.magical4.D。与strange(陌生)并列应该是magical(神奇)，故选D。12/565.Whenstudentsandparentsareaskedtoratesubjectsaccordingtotheirimportance,theartsareunavoidablyatthebottomofthelist.Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant…Thisviewisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationis________andimportantforallstudents. A.beneficial B.available C.expensive D.powerful5.A。与important(主要)并列，且符合语境，应该是beneficial(有益)，句意为：“音乐教育对全部学生来说，是有益，也是主要。”13/56根据语义复现解答完形填空题14/56同词复现同义复现结构复现语义复现15/56[例1]TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,and…(年广东高考)A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen一、同词复现[解析]前句说是人们“相信有仙女”，后句“并非全部这些_是友好”，承前逻辑，空格处应填“仙女”了，故选C。16/56[例2]Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended27.A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods二、同义复现[解析]前句说“防止这类事发生有许多方法(ways)”，冒号后解释，“在小孩睡觉时在其头上悬挂一把刀，或者用其父亲裤子盖着他，就是其中值得推荐两种________”，承前逻辑，自然是其中两种“方法”，与ways同义是methods，故选D。17/56[例3]AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药).…“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame23byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”A.famousB.sickC.richD.popular三、结构复现[解析]AlfredNobel引导定语从句who指代就是AlfredNobel，两句是相同,且两句后部分内容各为“创造了炸药”与“找到了更加快杀人方式”，能够想象，二者意义何等靠近！可见，与“变成百万富翁”对应应该是“变成富裕”，故选C。18/56Wouldn’titbegreatifwedidn’thavetorememberpasswords（密码）everagain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbeautomaticallyloggedin（登录）?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognition（识别）technologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga_______.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system即时练习前面说了“假如无须再记密码…”对此问回答是“系统是怎样用脸部识别技术来帮你登陆，而不是用________”。承前逻辑，此处应该是“而不是用密码”，故选B。19/562.Afterdoingalittleresearch,IfoundthistypeoftechnologyalreadyavailableinEnglishtoconsumersviaarelativelyinexpensiveapplicationcalledFaceCode.The______requirestheuseofawebcamtorecognizeandlogPCusersintotheirsystems.(年广东高考27题)A.account B.consumer C.designer D.software答案为D。与application(应用软件)同义是software，故选D。20/563.Grasslandsneedtimetorecoverwhencattleandotheranimalsfeedonthem.Movinganimalsfromonefieldtoanothercanprovidethe_______neededfornewgrowth.A.cattleB.timeC.spaceD.help3.B。前句“当牛或其它动物吃了牧草地上草后，牧草地需要时间才可恢复”，本句“动物迁徙就能够提供草生长所需要________”，承前句逻辑，可知空格处填“时间”，故选B。21/564.On27February,somethingunusualhappenedinBritain;therewasaratherlargeearthquake.Itwasthe______UKearthquakein25years.A.biggest B.loudest C.deadliest D.scariest4.A。前句“年2月27日，英国发生了一件不寻常事，一场非常大地震”，本句“是25年来英国最________地震”。承前逻辑，应该是“最大”地震，故选A。22/565.Mostpeoplebelievetheydon’thavemuchimagination.Theyare

wrong.Everyonehas_______,butmostofus,oncewebecomeadults,forgethowto

makeuseofit.(原创)A.creativity B.memory C.imagination D.limitation5.C。前句说：“多数人认为他们自己没有想象力。他们这种观点是错误。”承前逻辑，“(实际上)每个人都有想象力，只是……”，故选C。23/566.Whenhearrivedathisfather’shouse,hewastoldthathisfatherhadbeeninhospitalforaweek.Hewasaboutto

leavefor(去；前往)the______whenhesaw… A.city B.hospital C.factory D.university6.B。前面说“当他回到父亲家时，初通知他父亲已住院一周了”，承前逻辑，他应是“去医院”，故选B。24/567.Onceadultsunderstandwhatchildrenarecommunicatingthroughtheirbehavior,theycanrespondbetter.Whenchildrenfeelrespectedandhavetheirneedsmet,thereisnolongerareasontousechallenging_______tocommunicate.A.action B.language C.gesture D.behavior7.D。前句说，“成年人一旦知道小孩经过行为要表示意思，就会作出更加好应对。”承前逻辑，本句应为“当孩感以为到尊重和满足需求时，他们就不再用挑战性行为来交流了”。故选D。25/56利用前后搭配解答完形填空题26/56在解答完形填空时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有利于我们作出正确选择。动词与介词搭配动词与其宾语搭配句式结构上搭配和习语搭配等所谓前后搭配27/56依据动词与其后介词搭配关系来选择一个恰当动词。[例1]OnApril12,1888,Alfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspaper___hisbrotherforhimand…(年广东高考21题)A.found B.misunderstood C.mistook D.judged一、动介搭配[解析]能与“AforB”搭配在四个选项中只有选项C,mistakeXforY意为“误认为X是Y”,故选C。28/56依据动词与其宾语是否能够搭配、在意义上是否符合逻辑或常识来确定选取哪个动词。[例2]Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto___theNobelPrizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewho…(年广东高考28题)A.establishB.formC.developD.promote [解析]在不定式短语中，宾语是“诺贝尔奖”，动词该用哪一个？设置？形成？发展？促进？依据常识，能与“奖项”搭配，在这四个选项中只有“设置”，故选A。二、动宾搭配29/56依据句式或句型搭配来确定填哪一个词。[例3]Thebooktellsusofusefulskillssuchashowtoputwhatyouhavelearnedintopicturesofyourmindto

yourmemorybetter.A.makeB.turnC.1etD.change三、句式搭配[解析]在四个选项中，能接“宾语+形容词作宾补”只有选面A，makeyourmemorybetter意为“使你记忆力变得更加好”，故选A。30/56

依据习惯用语固定搭配来确定正确选项。[例4]Intellectualproperty(IP)(知识产权)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconcept___backto1623whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPrightswaspassed.(年茂名二模21题)A.holdsB.dates C.sets D.turns[解析]datebackto是惯用短语，意为“追溯到”，故选B。值得注意是，解题时，不能一看到搭配就选答案，这么往往轻易犯错。因为有时单独看空格前后或单独看空格所在句，除正确答选项外，其它选项也可能与其前后组成搭配，这时，还需要依据上下文意思和逻辑，同时也需要结合生活常识才能定夺。四、习语搭配31/56[例5]NobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelPrizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat_______tothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.A.additionsB.sacrificesC.changesD.contributions[解析]

四个选项都可组成习语搭配:makeadditionsto给……增加makesacrificesto对……做出牺牲makechangesto对……作修改makecontributionsto对……作贡献但依据句意和常识，奖项应该奖给那些为和平、文学和科学“作出贡献”人，故选D。32/561.Dancecanbeart,ritual(仪式；礼制),orrecreation（娱乐）.Itgoesbeyondthefunctionalpurposesofthemovementusedinworkorathleticsinordertoexpressemotions,moods,orideas;tellastory;22religious,political,economic,orsocialneeds;…(华附三模22题)A.do B.have C.perform D.serve●即时练习●1.D。与宾语need搭配，表示“满足需要”，选项中只有动词serve，故选D。33/562.Itwasabeautifulletter,buttherewasnoway,exceptforthenameMichael,toidentifytheowner.MaybeifIcalledtheinformationcenter,theoperatorcouldfindaphonelistingfortheaddressontheenvelope.Actually,Itookgreat_____tofindbothHannahandMichael,whostillremainedsingle.A.painsB.risksC.actionsD.cautions2.A。因表示“煞费苦心做某事”是takegreatpainstodosth，故选A。另外，takeriskstodosth“冒险做某事”，takeactionstodosth“采取行动做某事”不合语境。34/563.Participatingworkplacesletemployees（员工；雇员）wearjeans（牛仔裤）onOctober5fora$5donation.“It’sarealwayforeveryonetofeellikethey’remakinga___,”saystheEmmy-winningactress.A.differenceB.decisionC.friendD.profit3.A。makeadifference意为“有影响，起作用”。依据上文：Hargitay发起一个为乳腺癌研究募款项目，即经过上班穿牛仔裤员工捐款5元钱。她认为这是一个让每个人感觉在起作用，出一份力有效路径。35/564.Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurther,he/shemustconsulttheoriginalartists,whowillnormallybe25financiallyforitsuse.A.rewarded B.praised C.awarded D.punished4.A。“rewardforsth./doingsth.”即“为（做）某事而报答”，“awardsb.sth./sth.tosb.”即“授予某人某物”，可知A项正确。36/565.OnApril12,1888,Alfred'sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspapermistookhisbrotherforhimandcarriedanarticle_______thedeathofAlfredNobel.“Themerchantofdeathisdead.”thearticleread.A.introducing B.announcing C.implying D.advertising5.B。由常识可知，报社应是“公布”消息；依据动宾关系，能与宾语“阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔死亡消息”搭配也应该是“公布”，而不是“介绍”“暗示”“给……做广告”，故选B，announce(giveinformationabout)。37/56利用逻辑推理解答完形填空题38/56依据上文信息推理依据下文信息推理

利用逻辑推理39/56依据上文信息推理[例1]OnApril12,1888,Alfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspapermistookhisbrotherforhimand…“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecamerichbyfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”Nobelwas___tofindoutnotthathehaddied,butthat,whenhistimewasup,hewouldbethoughtofonlyasonewhoprofitedfromdeathanddestruction.A.upset B.anxious C.excitedD.pleased40/56[解析]前面讲报道中两件事：一是报社误认为诺贝尔是他弟兄死了，二是说他是靠发觉更加快杀人方式发财。依据生活常识，作为诺贝尔本人，看到这篇报道，不可能感到“渴望(anxious)”“兴奋(excited)”或“高兴(pleased)”，而应该是“不高兴(upset)”，故选A。本句大意：诺贝尔感到不快，不是因为报社误解他死了，而是在他死后被认为是一个靠制造死亡和毁灭而盈利人。41/56[例2]ItwasthenfearedthatthefairieshadcomeandstolenthebabyawayandreplacedthehumanbabywithafairyChangeling.Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommendedmethods.However,hopewasnotlostevenifthebabyhadbeen

.(年广东卷28题)A.missed B.stolenC.foundD.lost42/56[解析]空格前两句说人们害怕仙女来偷小孩(stolenthebabyaway)及其阻止此事发生方法，所以空格句应是“即使小孩被偷走了，也还是有希望”，故选B。43/56[例3]Notallofthesefairiesarethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare___andcausemuchhumansuffering.A.powerful B.cruel

C.frightened D.extraordinary依据下文信息推理[解析]依据空格后面信息“andcausemuchhumansuffering(会造成人类痛苦)”能够推断出，“在一些民间故事中，仙女是残酷”，故选B)。44/56[例4]Tomakesurethathewas26withloveandrespect,Nobelarrangedinhis27togivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelPrizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreatcontributionstothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.Sobasically,Nobelhadtodiebeforeherealizedwhathislifewasreallyabout.(年广东卷)26.A.repaid B.described C.supported D.remembered27.A.book B.article C.will D.contractD.rememberedC.will45/56[解析]第26题，由空格后面信息“诺贝尔在遗嘱中安排捐出他钱来设置诺贝尔奖……”能够推出，其目标是为了让自己被他人爱戴与尊敬地“纪念，铭记(remembered)”他，而不是“报答(repaid)”“描述(described)”“支持(supported)”他，从而改变当初人们对他看法，故选D。第27题，由最终一句中die这一关键词能够得到启示，设置诺贝尔奖应是在他“遗嘱(will)”中作安排，故选C。46/5647/56I.语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节:完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1―15各题所给A、B、C和D项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卷上将该题涂黑。

JustbeforeChristmas1978,KennethwasapassengerinacarasitdrovethroughtheNavajoNation．Thenightwasdark,andthedriver,anelderlywoman,

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andkilledaneight-year-oldboy．1．A．struck B．touched C．found D．stopped揭阳市年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空1参考答案48/56

Later,whenhesawhowsadtheboy’sfamilywere,Kennethmadea（n）

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．Hewould“dowhateverittakestomake

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happyatChristmastime.”2．A．conclusion B．excuse C．promise D．effort3．A．thefamily B．children C．brothers D．hismother揭阳市年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空2参考答案49/56Ayearlater,attheageof18,hewaslivingwithhismotherandyoungerbrother.Theywerehardlymakingendsmeetonhislowwages,butKennethboughtausedSantasuitandwentaround

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peopleaspoorashimselftogivecandyandfruitforfamiliesevenmoreneedy．4．A．suggesting B．persuading C．requiring D．calling揭阳市年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空3参考答案50/56JustbeforemidnightonChristmasEve,hewentknockingondoorsof

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housesinthepoorestsectionoftheNavajoNation.Manyofthedarkenedhomesdidn’thave

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.5．A．old B．big C．bright D．lonely6．A．electricity B．food C．doors D．windows揭阳市年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空4参考答案51/56

Somefamilieswere

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