八年级下I will help clean up the city parks课件B部分.ppt

1、Ill help clean up the city parks,Unit 2,Section B,Section B,Explanation for Section B,1.run out of = use up “用完”、“卖光”。句子的主语是人或使用的物。注意不能用于被动语态。 I am running out of my money.= My money is running out of. We are running out of the gas. = Our car is running out of the gas.,2. I take after my mother. tak

2、e after look like ,be similar to 3. I fixed it up. fix up = repair(修理）； 4. give away 赠送 5. call up = ring up;give sb. a ring.;phone sb. 6. hand out(散发）; hand in(上缴）； hand around/round(传递）,7 .work out (结果、结果是） The idea works out well. 那个注意的实施结果很好。 另外还有“解答出、计算出”的意思。 Can you work out the answer to this

3、 question? See if you can work out this bill.,PAIRWORK,A:What do you do, Jimmy? B:I fix up bikes and give them away.,1e,Reading,Reading Dear Miss Li, Id like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers. Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. You helped to ma

4、ke it possible for me to have Lucky. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. Let me tell you my story.,set up 建立。you know the organization which is set up to protect the environment?你知道这个为保 护环境而建立的机构吗？,4. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿” （狗名）。 此句中 make it poss

5、ible for someone to do something是一种固定结构，表示 “使 得某人有可能做某事” 。在这个句型中，it仅是一个形式上的宾语，真正的宾语是to do something ,又如：,2 make it possible for sb. to do sth. “使得某人有可能” Your help makes it possible for him to succeed.,（1）make宾语名词， “使”。 We made him monitor.,（2）make宾语形容词， “使” His words made me happy.,（3）make宾语动词原形，“让做

6、” He made me work ten hours a day.,又如： Mr. Green makes it possible for us to learn English easily and in an interesting way in his class.格林先生使我们能够在他的课堂上通过有趣的方式轻松地学习英语。 Computer technology makes it possible for many people to work at home. 电脑技术使得许多人在家便可办公。,I cant use my arms or legs well, so normal t

7、hings like answering the telephone, opening and closing doors, or carrying things are difficult for me. Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me out. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. She also thought a dog might cheer me up. I love animals and I was exci

8、ted about the idea of having a dog.,help ( sb. ) out 帮助（某 人).解决困难/难题；帮助（某人） 摆脱困境。cant work out the math problem. Can you help me out?这道数学题我算不出 来，你能帮帮我吗？,5. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. 她与“动物帮手” 组织联系，试图给我找一只经过特殊训练的狗。 此处Animal Helpers大写首字母，为专有名词，指“动物帮手” 这一组织。若小写

9、， an animal helper则可指一只给人提供某种帮助的动物。,例如： In my life, I see different animals used as animal helpers. We have, for example, dog helpers, monkey helpers, elephant helpers and soon . 在我一生中，见到过不同的动物用作动物帮手。例如，我们有狗狗帮手、猴子帮手、大象帮手等等。,After six months of training with a dog at Animal Helpers, I was able to bri

10、ng him home. My dogs name is Lucky a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him. You see, Im only able to have a “dog helper” because of your kindness!,becauseof因为，由于。其 后可接名词或代词，不可接句子， 在句中作原因状语。The teachers have stopped working 因为罢工， 老师们停止了上课。延伸 because conj.因为，由于。它是 从属连词，通常引导原因状语从 句。Ja

11、ck has not come because he was ill.,Lucky is very clever and understands many English words. He can understand me when I give him orders. For example, I say, “Lucky! Get my book，and he does it at once. Lucky is a fantastic dog. Ill send you a photo of him if you like, and I could show you how he hel

12、ps me. Thank you again for changing my life. Best wishes, Ben Smith,at once立即；马上。它通 常在句中作时间状语，同义短语 为 right away I11 do my homework at once.我马上就做家 庭作业。延伸 once for all 一劳 永逸；once upon a time 从前。 change v.改变。 What he said made me change my mind他说的话让我改变了主意。 延伸 change w. a)变化；改变。 它为可数名词。A great change ha

13、s taken place in this city.这座城市发生了巨大的变 化。b)零钱。它为不可数名词。 Dont forget your change.另i 忘 了找给你的零钱,What would it be like to be blind or deaf? Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily. Most people would never think about this, but many people have these difficulties.,1.In what other ways do you thi

14、nk dogs are able to help people?(guide dog;watchdog) 2.What other animals can we train to help people?(elephants;dolphins),2e,Discuss the questions with a partner.,Working in an old peoples home Helping kids in an after-school program Being a guide at a museum,3a,Look at these kinds of volunteer wor

15、k.Can you add more?What would you like to do? Discuss it with a partner.,Write a letter or e-mail to the placeyou want to volunteer at.,Dear Sir of Madam, _ _ _ _ _ Yours truly, _,3b,Self Check,Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrasal verbs or infinitives,Last week, Jimmy, the Bike Boy_of mon

16、ey_ old bikes.He was unhappy； so everyone was trying_ him up. He_ some signs asking for old bikes and_all his friends on the phone_ them about the problem. He even_notices at the supermarket. Then he told the teachers at school about his problem and they_a call-in center for parents. The ideas that

17、he_with worked out fine. He now has 16 bikes_up and_to children who dont have bikes.,ran out,to buy,to cheer,put up,called up,to tell,handed out,set up,came up,to fix,gave away,12. He put up some signs asking for old bikes and called up all his friends and told them about the problem.,ask for (1)要求

18、She asked for some water.她要了些水。 （2）向请求 If you are in trouble,you can ask the policeman for help.如果你有困难，你可以向警察求助。,call up 意为“打电话，打电话给”。如： He called up his friends and told the story.他给朋友打电话，并告之整个事情。 【拓展】,有关“打电话”的说法： （1）make a telephone call打电话 Hes making a telephone call.他正在打电话。 （2）give sb. a call 给某

19、人打电话 When you get there,please give me a call.你到那时，请给我打个电话。 （3）ring sb.给某人打电话 I rang you ,but you were out.我给你打电话，但你出去了。,Exercises,He helps _ the classroom. A.cleans up B. cleaning up C. clean up 2. I took her to the concert to _. A. cheer up her B. cheer her up C. cheer she up 3.The boss put off _

20、the workers wages. A. to give out B. give up C. giving out,C,B,C,1.The man established a factory in our village last year. = The man _ _ a factory in our village last year. 2. We need to think up some ideas . = We need to _ _ _ some ideas 3.He phoned me and asked me to go there. = He _ _ _ and asked

21、 me to go there,set up,come up with,called/,rang,me up,to set up a shop,arent supposed to hand out,1. 我准备领他去看电影, 以便他会高兴起来。 I am going to _ him _the cinema _ _ _ _. 2. 这些词都很重要，请把它们记下来。 These words are all very important. _ _ _, please! 3. 你知道谁在校门口分发广告了吗？ Do you know who _ _ _at the school gate?,根据汉语完

22、成句子。,to cheer him up,Write them down,take,to,handed out,advertisements,4.他们的老师不但会讲英语，而且还会讲日语。 Their teacher can speak _ _ English _ _Japanese. 5.没人想买这些大衣，甚至白送也不要。 No one wants to buy these coats. You cant even _ _ _. 6.他想尽力通过这次考试，因此他学习更加努力。 He _ _ _ _ _, so he works harder.,not only,but also,give th

23、em away,tries to pass the exam,Hands up !/,Put up your hand.,put off till tomorrow,动词短语,Phrasal verb,1.定义: 动词之后加介词或副词构成短语,表达一种特定的含义;如果被拆开则不能表达这种特定的含义.,2.分类: 及物的短语动词必须接宾语, 不及物的短语动词则不需接宾语.,Grammar,1. 及物短语动词所带宾语的位置: 名词作宾语时,对于“动词+副词”的短 语、名词既可以放在短语动词之后,也 可以放在短语动词中间. 对于 “动词 + 介词” 的短语, 名词放在介词之后.,(2) 代词作宾语时

24、,对于“动词+副词” 的短语, 代词放在短语动词的中间,对于“动词+ 介词” 的短语,代词放在介词之后.,一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old peoples home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经 过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在.岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发,11. come up with

25、想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划 13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;试行 15. work for 为工作；为. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴 17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集 19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如,22. take after 与.相像;像 23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决 25. be similar to 与相似 26. set up 建立;设立 27

26、. disabled people 残疾人 28. make a difference 影响;有作用 29. be able to 能够 30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目,二、重点句型 1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。 2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。 3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morni

27、ng. 每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。,4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。 5. . . . you can see in th e ir eyes that they re going on a different journey w ith each new book. 从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每 本不同的新书之旅。,6. I want to put off my plan to work

28、 in an animal hospital until next summer. 我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。 7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money. 现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。 8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。,Nouns: money, animal, helpers, people lucky, o

29、rganization Pronouns: I ,you, it, my, who, that Verbs: like, thank, send, set (up), fill Adjectives: disabled, blind, deaf, normal Adverbs: easily, well, last year, at once Prepositions: for, with, of Conjunctions: but, and, because, or Exclamations: You see, Lucky!,Grammar,情态动词,英语语法复习系列课件,中考考点 情态动词

30、can, must, need, may等的基本句型结构及主要用法。,语法互动(1) 情态动词,考点 情态动词,情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，表示“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等含义，但其本身词义不完全，不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式一般是在情态动词后加not (have to除外)，其疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有：can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)。 1can和could的用法 can(could)表示“能力”

31、、“许可”、“可能性”等。could 为 can 的过去式。表示请求时，could比can更婉转。如： Can I use your bike？我可以用你的自行车吗？,语法互动(1) 情态动词,注意 can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态，将来时中用 be able to。另外 cant 可表示否定推测。如： That _ be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. A. must B. can C. cant D. need,C,语法互动(1) 情态动词,2may和might的用法 may(might)意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可

32、，也可表示祝愿。may的否定式为 may not。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。如： _ I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗？ You may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿衣服。 May you be happy.祝你开心。 Might I borrow some money now?我现在可以借点钱吗？ He might be alive.他可能还活着。,May,语法互动(1) 情态动词,3must的用法 must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必

33、要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must 用于一般现在时和一般将来时，过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替。如： I _ finish my work today.我今天必须完成我的工作。 You mustnt drive after drinking.你绝不能酒后驾车。 (1)must 和 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要。如： I must do my homework first.我必须首先做家庭作业。 It is raining hard outside; I _ stay at home. 外面雨下得很大，我不

34、得不待在家里。,must,语法互动(1) 情态动词,have to,(2)回答must 的提问 肯定回答：Yes，must.如： Must I go home now? Yes, you must. “我必须现在回家吗？” “是的，你必须。” 否定回答：No，neednt./No，dont/doesnt have to.如： Must I go home now？ No, you _. “我必须现在回家吗？” “不，没必要。” (3)must 可以表示肯定推测，意为“一定”。如： The man must be our teacher. 那个人一定是我们的老师。,neednt/dont hav

35、e to,语法互动(1) 情态动词,4need的用法 (1)need 做情态动词表示“需要，必须”。主要用于否定句和疑问句中，否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必”；need 提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt。如： Need we do some cleaning now? “我们必须现在大扫除吗？” Yes, you must. “是的，你们必须。” No, you neednt. “不，你们不必。” (2)need 还可当做实义动词使用，这时常用结构为 need to do sth。如： I need to learn more. 我需要学习更多。,语法互动(1

36、) 情态动词,5shall和should的用法 shall 用于第一人称的句子中表示提建议或请求； should用于各种人称的句子中强调义务或责任。如： _ we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？(建议) You should study hard at school. 你们在学校应该努力学习。(劝告) 6will和would的用法 will用于第二人称疑问句时，表示征求意见或提建议。 would 为 will 的过去式，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如： Will you have a little soup? 你要不要喝点汤？,Shall,语法互动(1) 情态动词,语法

37、互动(1) 情态动词,归纳 情态动词表推测的用法 (1)肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might / could(也许，或许)，其中must表推测的语气最强，其余依次渐弱。如： The book must be hers. Her name is on it. He must be running.他一定是在跑步。 They may know the way to the library.他们可能知道去图书馆的路。,(2)否定句中一般用cant / couldnt(不可能)。如： That man cant be Mr Li because he has gone to Lo

38、ndon.那个人不可能是李老师，因为他去伦敦了。 (3)疑问句中用can / could(能)。如： Can the red sweater be Toms?“这件红毛衣会是吉姆的吗？” No, it cant. He cant stand red.“不，不可能。他不能忍受红色。” 注意 might, could并不是may, can的过去式，而是表示语气较委婉或可能性较小。,语法互动(1) 情态动词,根据句意及汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限 1Must I finish the work now? No, you _(不必) 2I think you _ (一定饿了). Ill cook d

39、inner for you. 3Peter, is the dictionary Marys? No, it _(不可能是她的). Her dictionary is at home. 4Could I have a look at your photos? Yes, you _ (能) 5I _ (能游泳) at the age of five.,考点过关,neednt/dont have to,must be hungry,cant be hers,can,could swim,语法互动(1) 情态动词,【2013 甘肃白银】37. Finish your homework first,

40、then youll _ watch TV for an hour. A. can B. be able to C. able D could 【答案】B 考查助动词用法。 will是助动词，其后应该用动词的原型，故选B。【2013广东梅州】35.Amy, I hear youve got many foreign coins. _ I have a look? Of course, Ill fetch them for you. A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：艾米，我听说你有很多外国硬币。我可以看一下吗？当然了

41、。我拿给你看。May I?用于向对方提出建议或请求，意为“我可以吗？”。故选A。,【2013天津】37. Where are you going this month? We_ go to Xiamen, but were not sure. A. neednt B. must C. might D. mustnt 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。A“不必”表建议；B“一定”表猜测的可能性很大；C“可能，也许”表不是很肯定的猜测。D“不允许”表命令。句意：这个月你们将去哪？我们或许去厦门，但还不确定。故选C符合语境。,【2013山东威海】33. May I go out for a w

42、hile, Mom? No, you . You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：妈妈，我可以出去一会吗？不，你不能。 你必须首先完成你的作业。shouldnt不应该；neednt不必要；mustnt一定不能，表示明令禁止；wont将不能。根据答语，你必须首先完成你的作业，可知不同意出去玩。故选B。,【2013福建泉州】36. Have you decided where to go for your summer vacatio

43、n? Not yet. We _go to Qingdao . Its a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must 【答案】 A 【解析】本题考查情态动词。句意：你已经决定到哪里过暑假了吗？还没有呢，我们也许去青岛。那是个度假的好地方。情态动词表示推测时，may表“可能”，must表“一定”，cant表“不可能”。,【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】23. Drivers _ wear seat belts while their cars are running on the road. A. needB. can C. mustD. may 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“司机必须系安全带当车在路上行驶的时候。”must的意思是“必须”，符合句意。故选C。,【2013 上海】40. Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, dad? No, you _,son. Youre free to make your own decision. A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt 【答