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1MSUKDGILLISEFFECTOFMECHANICALDESIGNOFTHESUSPENSIONONDYNAMICLOADINGPROCESSRECEIVED2JULY2003/ACCEPTED24FEBRUARY2004/PUBLISHEDONLINE3AUGUST2005_SPRINGERVERLAG2005ABSTRACTINDESIGNINGALOAD/UNLOADSYSTEMUTILIZEDINHARDDISKDRIVES,NECESSARYCARENEEDSTOBETAKENTOENSURETHATTHESLIDERDOESNOTDAMAGETHEDISKSURFACEDURINGLOADINGANDUNLOADINGPROCESSESHOWEVER,ASMALLDEVIATIONINTHEDESIGNPOINTOFTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXURECANLEADTOUNDESIRABLELOADINGPROCESSESRESULTINGINANADVERSENUMBEROFSLIDER/DISKCONTACTSINTHISSTUDY,WESHOWTHATIFTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXUREISTOOLOW,THESLIDERCANOSCILLATECAUSINGTHECORNERSOFTHESLIDERTOCONTACTTHEDISKMULTIPLETIMESEVENTHOUGHTHESLIDERISAFEWMICRONSAWAYFROMTHEDISKINADDITION,THESLIDERCANBESUCKEDDOWNTOWARDSTHEDISKRESULTINGINACOMPLETESEPARATIONOFTHELOADDOMEFROMTHEFLEXUREASSEMBLYLEADINGTOUNCONTROLLEDLOADINGCONDITIONSTHISSEPARATIONOCCURSWHILETHESUSPENSIONISSTILLONTHERAMP,ANDTHUSNOPRELOADISEXERTEDONTHESLIDERIMMEDIATELYFOLLOWINGTHESEPARATIONCONSEQUENTLY,THESLIDERFLIESATAFLYINGHEIGHTHIGHERTHANTHEDESIGNPOINTUNTILTHEGAPBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXURECLOSESHENCE,THESUSPENSIONMUSTBECAREFULLYDESIGNEDTOSUPPRESSSLIDEROSCILLATIONANDTOENSURETHATTHELOADDOMEDOESNOTSEPARATEDURINGTHELOADINGPROCESS1INTRODUCTIONONEOFTHEREQUIREMENTSINDESIGNINGALOAD/UNLOADSYSTEMUTILIZEDINHARDDISKDRIVESISENSURINGTHATTHESLIDERDOESNOTDAMAGETHEDISKSURFACEDURINGLOADINGANDUNLOADINGPROCESSESSINCEITISDIFFICULTTOAVOIDSLIDER/DISKCONTACTSINENTIRETY,HOWEVER,THESYSTEMISDESIGNEDTOMINIMIZETHENUMBEROFSLIDER/DISKCONTACTEVENTSANDTOLESSENTHECONSEQUENCESWHENCONTACTSDOOCCURTHELIKELIHOODOFSLIDER/DISKCONTACTSDEPENDSONTHELOADINGSPEED,DISKSPEED,STATICATTITUDEOFTHESLIDER,AIRBEARINGROUGHNESS,SLIDERGEOMETRY,ETCFOREXAMPLE,SLIDERSWITHALARGERADIUSOFCURVATUREATITSCORNERSCANELIMINATEDISKDAMAGEBYREDUCINGTHECONTACTSTRESSBETWEENTHESLIDERANDDISKSURFACESUKANDGILLIS1998MANYRECENTSTUDIESHAVECONSIDEREDTHEEFFECTOFSUSPENSION,LIMITER,ANDAIRBEARINGDESIGNSONTHEROBUSTNESSOFTHELOADINGANDUNLOADINGPROCESSESBO2GYANDZENG2000HUAETAL2001LIUANDZHU2001ZENGANDBOGY2000HOWEVER,MOSTOFTHESESTUDIESHAVEPRIMARILYFOCUSEDONTHEUNLOADINGPROCESSSINCETHISPARTOFTHESEQUENCEUSUALLYREVEALSINTERESTINGDYNAMICPROCESSESDUETOTHEEFFECTSOFNEGATIVEPRESSUREAIRBEARINGDESIGNSTHENEGATIVEPRESSUREREGIONOFTHEAIRBEARINGRESISTSTHEUNLOADINGACTIONRESULTINGINSTORAGEOFPOTENTIALENERGYINTHEFLEXUREANDSUSPENSIONASSEMBLYWHENTHESLIDERISFINALLYPULLEDAWAYFROMTHEDISKANDTHEPOTENTIALENERGYISRELEASED,THESLIDERCANOSCILLATEVIOLENTLYFIG1ONTHEOTHERHAND,FORAREASONABLYWELLDESIGNEDSYSTEM,THELOADINGPROCESSDOESNOTEXHIBITSUCHABEHAVIORHENCE,MOSTHAVEPRIMARILYINVESTIGATEDTHEUNLOADINGPROCESSGIVINGONLACURSORYATTENTIONTOTHEMORECRITICALLOADINGPROCESSMOSTDESIGNERSOFLOAD/UNLOADSYSTEMSWILLFINDTHATTHELOADINGPROCESSCANBEMORETROUBLESOMECOMPAREDTOTHEUNLOADINGPROCESSBESIDESPOTENTIALLYCAUSINGDAMAGETOTHEDISK,OTHERPROBLEMSCANBEENCOUNTEREDDURINGTHELOADINGPROCESSFOREXAMPLE,INSOMEINSTANCES,THESLIDERMAYNEVERLOADTOTHEDESIGNEDFLYINGHEIGHT,BUTRATHER,LOADATFLYINGHEIGHTSONTHEORDEROF1LMSUKETAL2004INTHISPAPER,WESHOWHOWASMALLDEVIATIONINTHEMECHANICALDESIGNOFTHEFLEXURE/SUSPENSIONASSEMBLYCANINCREASETHEPROBABILITYOFSLIDER/DISKCONTACTSTHATCANLEADTOASIGNIFICANTNUMBEROFDISKCONTACTSINONESINGLELOADCYCLESPECIFICALLY,WESHOWTHATASUSPENSIONSYSTEMWITHLOWPRELOADBETWEENTHEFLEXUREANDLOADDOMECANLEADTOLOADINGOFTHESLIDERATANUNCONTROLLEDSTATICATTITUDEANDVELOCITYTHEPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTHISPARTICULARASPECTOFDESIGNCANBEEASILYIDENTIFIEDBYMEASURINGTHEFULLBODYCAPACITANCEDURINGTHELOADINGPROCESS2DESCRIPTIONOFEXPERIMENTTHESLIDERLOADINGDYNAMICSWASINVESTIGATEDUSINGALASERDOPPLERVIBROMETERLDV,62KHZFRAMERATEHIGHSPEEDCAMERA,ANDFULLBODYCAPACITANCETHEEXPERIMENTALSETUPCONSISTSOFASTANDARDLOAD/UNLOADTESTERTHECAPACITANCEMETERMEASURESTHEFULLBODYCAPACITANCEBETWEENTHESLIDERANDDISKWHILETHESLIDERISLOADINGONTOTHEDISK,SIMILARTOTHEONEUSEDINSUKETAL2004THESLIDERWASLOADEDONTOANDU3NLOADEDFROMTHEDISKUSINGAMOVINGRAMPWHILEKEEPINGTHESLIDER/SUSPENSIONASSEMBLYFIXEDOVERTHEODREGIONOFTHEDISKTHEVERTICALMOTIONOFTHETRAILINGEDGEOFTHESLIDERWASMEASUREDUSINGANLDVALLTESTSWERECARRIEDOUTUSINGAN84MMGLASSDISKANDANEGATIVEPRESSUREBOBSLEDTYPESLIDERWITHTHEDISKROTATINGAT10KRPMTHEPITCHSTATICATTITUDEPSAOFTHESLIDERSUSEDINTHEEXPERIMENTWASBETWEEN1AND2_TOSHOWTHEEFFECTOFLACKOFPRELOADBETWEENTHEFLEXUREANDLOADDOME,WECHOSETWOSUSPENSIONASSEMBLIESTHATAREESSENTIALLYIDENTICALWITHTHEEXCEPTIONOFTHEPRELOADSINCETHEDIFFERENCEINTHEMAGNITUDEOFTHEPRELOADISDIFFICULTTOMEASURE,ONLYTHEEXISTENCEOFSUBSTANTIALDIFFERENCEISVERIFIEDTODOTHIS,WEMOUNTTHEHEADSUSPENSIONASSEMBLYWITHNORMALPRELOADNPHSAONTOTHERAMPASMALLWEIGHT,THATISSUFFICIENTTOCAUSELOADDOMESEPARATIONFROMTHEFLEXURE,ISTHENATTACHEDTOTHEFLEXURETHEAMOUNTOFSEPARATIONISMEASUREDWITHAPROPERLYPOSITIONEDCCDCAMERASIMILARMEASUREMENTISMADEFORAHEADSUSPENSIONASSEMBLYWITHLOWPRELOADLPHSAFIGURES2AND3SHOWOPTICALIMAGESOFTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXURETAKENUNDERTHESAMECONDITIONSFORBOTHNPHSAANDLPHSA,RESPECTIVELYAGREATERLOADDOMESEPARATIONFROMTHEFLEXUREISOBSERVEDFORLPHSATHANTHENPHSA,CONFIRMINGTHATLPHSAHASLOWERPRELOADTHANNPHSA3RESULTSANDDISCUSSIONNEGATIVEPRESSURESLIDERSTHESLIDE4RLOADSONTOTHEDISKANDTHENFOLLOWSTHERUNOUTOFTHEDISKASEXPECTEDTHEBOTTOMPLOTINFIG3ISTHECORRESPONDINGFULLBODYCAPACITANCEMEASUREMENT,WHICHSHOWSASINGLEJUMPINTHECAPACITANCEATTHEMOMENTTHESLIDERLOADSONTOTHEDISKASIMILARMEASUREMENTFORLPHSAISSHOWNINFIG5INTHISCASE,THESLIDEROSCILLATESBEFORELOADINGONTOTHEDISKUNLIKETHECASEWITHAHIGHERPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXUREFURTHERMORE,THESLIDERSVERTICALLOADINGVELOCITYSUDDENLYINCREASESWHENTHESLIDERISABOUT50LMAWAYFROMTHEDISKASSOCIATEDWITHTHISSUDDENINCREASEINTHEVELOCITY,THECAPACITANCEMEASUREMENTREVEALSMULTIPLESHARPTRANSITIONSFOLLOWINGTHETRANSITIONS,THECAPACITANCEDOESNOTREACHTHEMAXIMUMVALUEFORANOTHER1MSORSOTHESEOBSERVATIONSINDICATEAPROBLEM,BUTITISDIFFICULTTOASCERTAINTHEPRECISEDYNAMICSDUETOTHELOWMEASUREMENTBANDWIDTHHIGHERRESOLUTIONMEASUREMENTREVEALSTHATTHESLIDERCONTACTSTHEDISKMULTIPLETIMESFIG6NOTETHATTHISEXACTBEHAVIORDOESNOTOCCURFOREVERYSUSPENSIONASSEMBLY,BUTVARIESFROMONESUSPENSIONTOANOTHERFIGURE6SHOWSSIMULTANEOUSMEASUREMENTOFFULLBODYCAPACITANCEANDLDVDURINGLOADINGFORLPHASIMMEDIATELYBEFOREFULLYLOADINGONTOTHEDISKSURFACECAPACITANCEMEASUREMENTSHOWSSOMEOSCILLATIONABOUT2MSBEFOREASTEPLIKEJUMPISOBSERVEDNOTETHATTHEAVERAGEHEIGHTOFTHESLIDERDURINGTHESEOSCILLATIONSISONTHEORDEROFAFEWMICRONSATTHISHEIGHT,THESUSPENSIONPRELOADNOTTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHEFLEXUREANDLOADDOMEISSTILLSUPPORTEDBYTHERAMPTHELDVMEASUREMENTSHOWSTHATTHESLIDERACTUALLYCONTACTSTHEDISKANDBOUNCESONANDOFFTHEDISKOSCILLATINGATTHESAMEFREQUENCYASTHATOFTHEMEASUREMENTMADEWITHTHECAPACITANCEMETERTHESLIDERTHENSETTLESINTOWHATAPPEARSTOBEALOADEDPOSITION,BUTTHECAPACITANCEMEASUREMENTSHOWSTHATTHESLIDERHASNOTFULLYREACHEDTHENOMINALFLYINGHEIGHTPOSITIONTHECAPACITANCEMEASUREMENTISSLIGHTLYLOWERINMAGNITUDETHANTHEFINALVALUEITTAKESANOTHER4MSORSOBEFORETHESLIDERFINALLYLOADSFULLYINTOTHENOMINALFLYINGHEIGHTSURPRISINGLY,LDVISALSOABLETOMEASURETHISLATTERPROCESSASWELLTHECORRESPONDINGARMMOUNTEDACOUSTICEMISSIONMEASUREMENTSHOWSSLIDER/DISKCONTACTFIG4TOPLDVMEASUREMENTOFTHELOADINGMOTIONOFTHETRAILINGEDGEOFTHESLIDERFORASYSTEMWITHNORMALPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXUREBOTTOMFULLBODYCAPACITANCEMEASUREMENT,WHICHSHOWSASINGLESHARPTRANSITIONASTHESLIDERLOADSONTOTHEDISKVERIFYINGTHELDVANDCAPACITANCEMEASUREMENTSOFSLIDERDISKCONTACTFIG7THESLIGH5TDELAYINTHEAESIGNALISDUETOTHEFACTTHESENSORISMOUNTEDATTHESUSPENSIONMOUNTPOINT,WHICHISFARREMOVEDFROMTHELOCATIONOFTHECONTACTPOINTANOTHEREXAMPLEOFTHELOADINGPROCESSISSHOWNINFIG8SHOWINGASIMILARBEHAVIORTHEBOUNCEFOLLOWEDBYOSCILLATIONSANDSLOWSETTLINGINTOTHENOMINALFLYINGHEIGHTHASNOTBEENREPORTEDBEFORETHEREASONFORTHEOBSERVEDDEVIATIONISDUETOTHELACKOFPRELOADBETWEENTHESLIDERANDLOADDOMEDURINGTHELOADINGPROCESS,THELACKOFPRELOADRESULTSINOSCILLATIONOFTHESLIDERASSEENINFIG5THISOSCILLATIONRESULTSINTHESLIDERCORNERCONTACTINGTHEDISKMULTIPLETIMESWHENTHESLIDERCOMESCLOSEONTHEORDEROFAFEWMICRONSTOTHEDISKTHEN,ASTHESLIDERCOMESEVENCLOSERTOTHEDISK,THENEGATIVESUCTIONFORCEPULLSTHESLIDERTOWARDSTHEDISKSEPARATINGTHELOADDOMEFROMTHEFLEXUREUNDERCERTAINCIRCUMSTANCES,THESLIDERACTUALLYCANALSOCONTACTTHEDISKDURINGTHISPHASEOFTHEPROCESSWHILETHELOAD/UNLOADTABISSTILLSLIDINGONTHERAMPANDTHESLIDERISAFRACTIONOFAMICRONAWAYFROMTHEDISKFIG9THISPHENOMENONISEASYTOSEEUSINGAHIGHSPEEDCAMERAASETOFIMAGESCAPTUREDWITHAHIGHSPEEDCAMERAFORLPHSACASEISSHOWNINFIG10ITCLEARLYSHOWSLOADDOMESEPARATIONFROMTHEFLEXURERESULTINGINAPARTIALLOADINGONTHEDISKWHILETHELOAD/UNLOADTABISSTILLONTHERAMPINTHISPARTICULARCASE,WEWEREUNABLETOCAPTURETHESLIDER/DISKCONTACTSUSINGTHEHIGHSPEEDCAMERATHEINITIALPHASEOFTHEMEASUREMENTSSHOWNINFIG5ISQUITEREPEATABLE,IETHEINITIALOSCILLATIONCANBEOBSERVEDEVERYTIMEHOWEVER,THESLIDERDISKCONTACTISNOTFULLYREPEATABLESINCETHISDEPENDSONMANYOTHERPARAMETERS,SUCHAS,THEVERTICALVELOCITYOFTHEDISKATTHETIMEOFLOADINGANDRANDOMEXCITATIONOFTHESYSTEMDUETOAIRFLOWANDMECHANICALVIBRATIONSTHESUCTIONFORCETHATCAUSESTHESLIDERTOJUMPTOWARDS6THEDISKISDUETOANEGATIVEPRESSUREFORCERESULTINGFROMNEGATIVEPSAOFTHESLIDERRELATIVETOTHEDISKSURFACETHERELATIVEPSAISUSUALLYNEGATIVEWHILETHESUSPENSIONISONTHERAMPALTHOUGHTHEABSOLUTEPSAMAYBEPOSITIVEASTHESUSPENSIONMOVESACROSSTHERAMP,THERELATIVEPSACONSTANTLYCHANGESULTIMATELYREACHINGTHEABSOLUTEPSAVALUEIMMEDIATELYBEFORELOADINGDURINGTHETIMETHERELATIVEPSAISNEGATIVE,THENEGATIVEPRESSUREFORCEWILLTRYTOPULLTHESLIDERTOWARDSTHEDISKIFTHESUMOFTHEFLEXURESTIFFNESSANDTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHEFLEXUREANDLOADDOMEISLESSTHANTHISNEGATIVEFORCEEXERTEDONTHESLIDER,THESLIDERWILLMOVETOWARDSTHEDISKATSPEEDSHIGHERTHANTHEDESIREDSPEEDSEPARATINGTHEFLEXUREFROMTHELOADDOMEFURTHERMORE,SINCETHELOADDOMEISSEPARATEDFROMTHEFLEXURESEENINFIG10,THEREISNOPRELOADONTHESLIDERTOPUSHTHESLIDERTOWARDSTHEDISKASTHEGAPBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXURECLOSESANDTHEPRELOADOFTHESUSPENSIONISTRANSFERREDFROMTHERAMPTOTHESLIDER,THESLIDERISFINALLYPUSHEDINTOTHENOMINALFLYINGHEIGHTASINDICATEDBYTHEFINALSMALLINCREASEINTHECAPACITANCEANDDECREASEINHEIGHTASSHOWNINTHELDVMEASUREMENTSFIGS4,5,7,84SUMMARYANDCONCLUSIONRECENTARTICLESONLOAD/UNLOADHAVEMAINLYDEALTWITHTHEUNLOADINGPROCESSSINCETHEUNLOADDYNAMICSOFNEGATIVEPRESSURESLIDERREVEALSANINTERESTINGBEHAVIORUNLIKETHELOADINGPROCESSHOWEVER,MUCHMOREATTENTIONTODETAILISREQUIREDFORTHELOADINGPROCESSTHANTHEUNLOADINGPROCESS,SINCETHEAFFINITYTOCAUSEDISKDAMAGEISMUCHGREATERDURINGTHEFORMERPROCESSTHANTHELATTERINTHIS7PAPER,WESHOWTHATASMALLDEVIATIONINTHEDESIGNPOINTOFTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXURECANLEADTOADVERSELOADINGPROCESSESRESULTINGINANUNDESIRABLENUMBEROFSLIDER/DISKCONTACTSWESHOWTHATIFTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDFLEXUREISTOOLOW,THESLIDERCANOSCILLATEANDCONTACTTHEDISKMULTIPLETIMESEVENWHENTHESLIDERISAFEWMICRONSAWAYFROMTHEDISKFURTHERMORE,WESHOWTHATTHESLIDERCANALSOBEPULLEDDOWNTOWARDSTHEDISKCOMPLETELYSEPARATINGTHELOADDOMEFROMTHEFLEXUREASSEMBLYTHISRESULTSINSLIDERCONTACTINGTHEDISKATANUNCONTROLLEDSPEEDTHATCANALSOLEADTODISKDAMAGETHESEPARATIONOCCURSWHILETHESUSPENSIONISSTILLONTHERAMP,ANDTHUSTHEREISNOPRELOADONTHESLIDERFOLLOWINGTHESEPARATIONTHISLACKOFPRELOADALLOWSTHESLIDERTOFLYATHIGHFLYINGHEIGHTSUNTILTHEGAPBETWEENTHEFLEXUREANDLOADDOMECLOSESHENCE,APRUDENTDESIGNOFTHESUSPENSIONASSEMBLYISREQUIREDTOENSURETHATTHECOMBINATIONOFTHEFLEXURESTIFFNESSANDTHEPRELOADBETWEENTHELOADDOMEANDSUSPENSIONWILLBESIGNIFICANTENOUGHTODEFEATTHENEGATIVEPRESSUREFORCEKEEPINGTHELOADDOMEATTACHEDTOTHESUSPENSIONATALLTIMESANDTOSUPPRESSSLIDEROSCILLATIONSBEFORELOADING8REFERENCESBOGYDB,ZENGQH2000DESIGNANDOPERATINGCONDITIONSFORRELIABLELOAD/UNLOADSYSTEMSTRIBOLINT3356357366HUAW,LIUB,SHENGG,LIJ2001FURTHERSTUDIESOFUNLOADPROCESSWITHA9DMODELIEEETRANSMAGN37418551858LIUB,ZHULY2001EXPERIMENTALSTUDYONHEADDISKINTERACTIONINRAMPLOADINGPROCESSIEEETRANSMAGN37418091813SUKM,GILLISD1998EFFECTOFSLIDERBURNISHONDISKDAMAGEDURINGDYNAMICLOAD/UNLOADASMEJTRIBOL1202332338SUKM,RUIZO,GILLISD2004LOAD/UNLOADSYSTEMSWITHMULTIPLEFLYINGHEIGHTSPRESENTEDATTHE2002ASME/STLEINTERNATIONALTRIBOLOGYCONFERENCE,CANCUN,MEXICOASMEJTRIBOL1262367371ZENGQH,BOGYDB2000EFFECTSOFCERTAINDESIGNPARAMETERSONLOAD/UNLOADPERFORMANCEIEEETRANSMAGN3611401479MSUKDGILLIS影响机械设计暂停动态加载过程收稿2003年7月2/接受2004年2月24日/网上公布2005年8月3_斯普林格2005年摘要设计一个加载/卸载系统中使用的硬盘驱动器，必要时需要注意，确保在装货和卸货过程不会损害滑块碟片的表面。因为，在设计点的预负荷之间的穹顶和弯曲的一个小偏差可能会导致不良进程载入，造成一些滑块/磁盘不利的接触。在这项研究中，我们发现，如果预之间的负载圆顶和弯曲太低，滑块的摆动可能会造成角落的滑块接触磁盘过多，使滑杆远离磁盘几微米。此外，滑块可吸入下跌对磁盘造成了完全分离的负载圆顶，使柔性装配导致失控的负载条件。这种分离的情况仍然暂停在坡道，因此没有施加预压的滑块立即分离。因此，滑块苍蝇在飞行高度高于设计点，直到负载圆顶和弯曲之间的差距为零。因此，必须认真地暂停旨在制止滑块振荡，并确保不单独在负荷盘加载过程。1导言其中一项要求设计一个加载/卸载系统中使用的硬盘驱动器是确保在装货和卸货过程滑块不会损害碟片表面。因为这是难以避免滑块/磁盘接触的全部内容，因为，该系统是为了尽量多的减少滑杆/磁盘接触事件和接触的后果的发生。滑块/磁盘接触发生接触的可能性取决于加载速度，硬盘速度，静态的态度滑块，空气轴承粗糙度，滑块几何等。例如滑块大曲率半径的弯道可以消除磁盘损害，降低接触应力之间的滑块和磁盘表面（SUKANDGILLIS1998）。许多最近的研究认为，影响暂停与限制器和空气轴承设计的鲁棒性和装卸过程有关（BOGYANDZENG2000HUAETAL2001LIUANDZHU2001ZENGANDBOGY2000）。不过，这些研究主要集中在卸货的过程，因为这部分序列通常揭示有趣的动态过程的影响和负压空气轴设计。负压区域空气轴抗拒卸货行动导致的潜在能量储存在弯曲和悬挂装备中当滑块终于脱离磁盘，势能释放，滑块振荡剧烈。另一方面，10为合理的设计系统，加载过程并没有表现出这样的行为。因此，大多数国家都已经在主要调查卸载进程给予粗略注意更重要的加载过程。大多设计师的加载/卸载系统会发现，加载过程可以比卸载过程更麻烦，。除了可能造成损害的磁盘，其他问题都可以遇到的加载过程。例如，在某些情况下，滑块可能永远无法达到负荷的设计飞行高度，而是在飞行高度负荷的命令1流明（SUKETAL2004）。在本文中，我们显示一个小偏差的机械设计的弯曲/暂停大会可以增加概率滑块/磁盘接触，可能导致大量的磁盘接触单一负载周期。具体来说，我们表明，悬挂系统，低预弯曲之间和负荷盘可能导致装载的滑块不受控制静态的态度和速度。相关问题这方面的设计可以很容易地确定测量全身电容在加载过程。2描述的实验滑块载入中动态进行了研究用激光多普勒测振仪（激光多普勒），62千赫的帧速率的高速摄像头，全身电容。实验装置包括一个标准的加载/卸载测试。电容米措施全身电容之间的滑块和磁盘而滑块装上磁盘，一个类似于用在（SUKETAL2004）。滑块装上和卸下磁盘使用移动坡道，同时保持滑块/暂停固定的外径地区的磁盘。垂直运动的后缘的滑杆是用激光多普勒测量。所有的测试使用84毫米玻璃磁盘和负压雪橇型滑块与磁11盘旋转10KRPM进行。球场静态态度（简称PSA）的滑块用于实验是介于1和2_。显示效果缺乏预弯曲之间和负载圆顶，我们选择两个暂停集会是基本相同，除预装。由于不同程度的预是难以衡量的，只有存在大量不同的是核实。要做到这一点，我们挂载头部悬挂大会正常预（NPHSA）进入坡道。一个小型的重量，这是足以造成负载穹顶脱离弯曲，然后附在弯曲。分离的数量来衡量一个适当的位置CCD相机。类似的测量是用于头部暂停低大会预装（唱片白蛋白）。图2和图3显示的光学图像的负载圆顶和弯曲采取相同的条件下为NP一人血清白蛋白和LPHSA分别。更大的负载穹顶脱离弯曲是观察唱片白蛋白比NP一人血清白蛋白，确认唱片白蛋白低预比NPHSA。3结果与讨论负压滑块滑块负载到磁盘，然后按照跳动磁盘预期。底部的阴谋是在图3的相应全身电容测量，这表明在一个单一的跳转电容此刻滑块负载到磁盘。类似的测量唱片HSA的是显示在图5。在这种情况下，将滑块振荡在装货前到磁盘的情况不同，具有较高的预压荷载圆顶和弯曲。此外，滑盖的垂直加载速度突然增加时，滑块约为50流明远离磁盘。与此相关的突然增加，速度，电容测量显示多个急剧转变。继过渡，电容不能达到的最高值为另一个1毫秒左右。这些意见表明一个问题，但很难确定确切的动态，由于低测量带宽。更高分辨率的测量表明，滑块接触磁盘多次（图6），注意，这完全行为不会发生，每暂停大会，但不同暂停到另一个。图6显示同步测量全身电容和激光多普勒在装货唱片，已立即在完全加载到磁盘的表面。电容测量表明一些振荡约2毫秒之前的一个步骤样跳转得到遵守。请注意，平均身高滑块在这些振荡是对秩序的几个微米。在这一高度，暂停预（而不是预之间的柔性和负载圆顶）仍然是支持的坡道。在激光多普勒测量结果表明，滑块实际接触磁盘和弹跳上和12从磁盘振荡在相同的频率，在测量与电容米。滑块然后解决什么似乎是一个加载的位置，但电容测量表明，该滑块没有完全达到了标称飞行高度位置的电容测量略低规模比最后的值。另需4毫秒或之前滑块最后负荷充分融入名义飞行高度。令人惊讶的是，激光多普勒也是能够衡量后者的进程。相应的胳膊安装声发射测量表明滑块/磁盘联络图。4顶级激光多普勒测量负荷运动后缘的滑块的系统之间的正常预负荷圆顶和弯曲。底部全身电容测量，这显示出急剧转型滑块负载到磁盘核查激光多普勒和电容测量滑块磁盘接触（图7）。稍有延误，声发射信号的原因是传感器安装在减震器点，这是远离的位置，联络点。另一个例子是在加载过程中显示图8显示了类似的行为。随后的反弹振荡和缓慢的名义解决飞行高度还没有报告过。的原因，观察偏差是由于缺乏预之间的滑块和负载圆顶。在装载过程中，缺乏预结果振荡滑块看到的图。这种振荡的结果滑块角落接触磁盘多次当滑块接近（在命令几微米）的磁盘。然后，将滑块来更接近盘，负吸力量拉动滑块对分离的磁盘负载圆顶从弯曲。在某些情况下，将滑块还可以联系实际的磁盘在此阶段的进程，而加载/卸载选
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