JW-1200型调速型无极绳绞车的液压调速装置设计【说明书+CAD】
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调速
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河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计1河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业论文附录外文资料与翻译院（系部）机械与动力工程系专业名称机械设计制造及自动化年级班级08机设2班学生姓名杨涛指导老师牛振华2012年05月河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计2外文资料与中文翻译外文资料HYDRAULICSTATIONANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFHYDRAULICCOMPONENTSPROFILESHYDRAULICPUMPSTATIONALSOKNOWNASTHESTATIONSAREINDEPENDENTHYDRAULICDEVICEITREQUESTEDBYTHEOILGRADUALLYANDCONTROLLINGTHEHYDRAULICOILFLOWDIRECTION,PRESSUREANDFLOWRATE,APPLIEDTOTHEMAINFRAMEANDHYDRAULICDEVICESSEPARABILITYOFHYDRAULICMACHINERYUSERSWILLBEPROVIDEDAFTERTHEPURCHASEHYDRAULICSTATIONANDHOSTOFIMPLEMENTINGAGENCIESMOTOROILORFUELTANKSCONNECTEDWITHTUBING,HYDRAULICMACHINERYCANBEREALIZEDFROMTHESEMOVEMENTSANDTHEWORKCYCLEHYDRAULICPUMPSTATIONISINSTALLED,MANIFOLDORVALVECOMBINATION,TANKS,ACOMBINATIONOFELECTRICALBOXESFUNCTIONALCOMPONENTSPUMPDEVICEISEQUIPPEDWITHMOTORSANDPUMPS,HYDRAULICSTATIONISTHESOURCEOFPOWERTOMECHANICALENERGYINTOHYDRAULICOILPRESSURECANBE河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计3MANIFOLDFROMHYDRAULICVALVEBODYANDCHANNELASSEMBLEDRIGHTDIRECTIONFORIMPLEMENTATIONOFHYDRAULICOIL,PRESSUREANDFLOWCONTROLVALVEPORTFOLIOPLATEVALVEISINSTALLEDINUPBOARDAFTERBOARDCONNECTSWITHTHESAMEFUNCTIONALICTANKPLATEWELDINGSEMICLOSEDCONTAINERS,ALSOLOADEDWITHOILFILTERINGNETWORK,AIRFILTERS,USEDOIL,OILFILTERSANDCOOLINGELECTRICALBOXESATTHETWOPATTERNSASETOFEXTERNALFUSETERMINALPLATEDISTRIBUTIONOFAFULLRANGEOFELECTRICALCONTROLHYDRAULICSTATIONPRINCIPLEMOTORDRIVENPUMPROTATION,WHICHPUMPOILABSORPTIONFROMTHEOILTANKTOMECHANICALENERGYINTOHYDRAULICPRESSURETOTHESTATION,HYDRAULICOILTHROUGHMANIFOLDORVALVECOMBINATIONSREALIZEDTHEDIRECTION,PRESSURE,AFTERADJUSTINGFLOWPIPEANDEXTERNALTOTHECYLINDERHYDRAULICMACHINERYORMOTOROIL,SOASTOCONTROLTHEDIRECTIONOFTHEMOTIVEFLUIDTRANSFORMATIONFORCETHESIZEANDSPEEDTHEPACEOFPROMOTINGTHEVARIOUSACTINGHYDRAULICMACHINERYADEVELOPMENTCOURSECHINAHYDRAULICINCLUDINGHYDRAULIC,THESAMEBELOW,PNEUMATICANDSEALSINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENT河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计4PROCESSCANBEBROADLYDIVIDEDINTOTHREEPHASES,NAMELY20EARLY1950STOTHEEARLY1960S,THEINITIALSTAGE60SAND70FORSPECIALIZEDPRODUCTIONSYSTEM8090SGROWTHSTAGEFORTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTSTAGEWHICH,HYDRAULICINDUSTRYINTHEEARLY1950SFROMTHEMACHINETOOLINDUSTRYPRODUCTIONOFFAKESUGRINDER,BROACHINGMACHINE,COPYINGLATHE,ANDOTHERHYDRAULICDRIVESTARTED,HYDRAULICCOMPONENTSFROMTHEPLANTHYDRAULICMACHINESHOP,SELFOCCUPIEDAFTERENTERINGTHE1960S,THEAPPLICATIONOFHYDRAULICTECHNOLOGYFROMTHEMACHINEGRADUALLYEXTENDEDTOTHEAGRICULTURALMACHINERYANDMECHANICALENGINEERINGFIELDS,ATTACHEDTOTHEORIGINALVELOCITYOFHYDRAULICSHOPSOMESTANDOUTASPIECESOFHYDRAULICPROFESSIONALPRODUCTIONTOTHELATE1960S,EARLY1970S,WITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFMECHANIZEDPRODUCTION,ESPECIALLYINTHESECONDAUTOMOBILEFACTORYINPROVIDINGEFFICIENT,AUTOMATEDEQUIPMENT,ALONGWITHTHEHYDRAULICCOMPONENTSMANUFACTURINGHASEXPERIENCEDRAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFTHESITUATION,AGROUPOFSMESHAVEBECOMEPROFESSIONALHYDRAULICPARTSFACTORY1968CHINASANNUALOUTPUTOFHYDRAULICCOMPONENTSHAVENEARLY200,000IN1973,MACHINETOOLS,AGRICULTURALMACHINERY,MECHANICALENGINEERINGINDUSTRIES,THEPRODUCTIONOFHYDRAULICPARTSFACTORYHASBEENTHEPROFESSIONALDEVELOPMENTOF河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计5MORETHAN100ANDANANNUALOUTPUTMORETHANONEMILLIONANINDEPENDENTHYDRAULICMANUFACTURINGINDUSTRYHASBEGUNTOTAKESHAPETHEN,HYDRAULICPIECESOFFAKEPRODUCTSFROMTHESOVIETUNIONFORTHEINTRODUCTIONOFTHEPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTANDTECHNICALDESIGNCOMBININGTHEPRODUCTSTOTHEPRESSURE,HYPERTENSION,ANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEELECTROHYDRAULICSERVOVALVESANDSYSTEMS,HYDRAULICAPPLICATIONAREASFURTHEREXPANDEDAERODYNAMICTHANTHESTARTOFTHEINDUSTRIALHYDRAULICYEARSLATER,IN1967BEGANTOESTABLISHPROFESSIONALPNEUMATICCOMPONENTSFACTORY,PNEUMATICCOMPONENTSONLYASCOMMODITYPRODUCTIONANDSALESSEALEDWITHRUBBERANDPLASTICS,MECHANICALSEALSANDSEALINGFLEXIBLEGRAPHITESEALINGINDUSTRY,THEEARLY1950SFROMTHEPRODUCTIONORDINARYORINGSRUBBERANDPLASTICSEXTRUSION,SUCHASOILSEALSEALINGANDSEALASBESTOSPRODUCTSSTARTTOTHEEARLY1960S,BEGUNPRODUCTIONOFMECHANICALSEALSANDFLEXIBLEGRAPHITESEALINGPRODUCTS1970S,THEBURNINGOFTHEFORMERMINISTRY,AMINISTRY,THEMINISTRYOFAGRICULTURALMECHANIZATIONSYSTEM,AGROUPOFPROFESSIONALPRODUCTIONPLANTSHAVEBEENESTABLISHED,ANDTHEOFFICIALESTABLISHMENTOFINDUSTRIESTOSEALINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTHASLAIDTHEFOUNDATIONFORGROWTH河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计6SINCETHE1980S,INTHECOUNTRYSREFORMANDOPENINGUPPOLICYGUIDELINES,WITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEMACHINERYINDUSTRY,BASEDMAINFRAMEPIECESBEHINDTHECONFLICTSHAVEBECOMEINCREASINGLYPROMINENTANDATTRACTEDTHEATTENTIONOFTHERELEVANTDEPARTMENTSTOTHISEND,THEMINISTRYOFTHEORIGINALONEIN1982,FORMEDTHEBASISOFCOMMONPIECESOFINDUSTRY,WILLBESCATTEREDINTHEORIGINALMACHINETOOLS,AGRICULTURALMACHINERY,MECHANICALENGINEERINGINDUSTRIESCENTRALIZEDHYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALSSPECIALIZEDFACTORIES,PLACINGTHEMUNDERCOMMONMANAGEMENTINFRASTRUCTUREPIECESBUREAU,SOTHATTHEINDUSTRYINTHEPLANNING,INVESTMENT,TECHNOLOGYANDSCIENTIFICRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTINAREASSUCHASINFRASTRUCTUREPIECESBUREAUOFGUIDANCEANDSUPPORTSINCETHENENTEREDAPHASEOFRAPIDDEVELOPMENT,HASINTRODUCEDMORETHAN60ITEMSOFADVANCEDTECHNOLOGYFROMABROAD,INCLUDINGMORETHAN40ITEMSOFHYDRAULIC,PNEUMATIC7AFTERDIGESTIONANDABSORPTIONANDTRANSFORMATION,NOWHAVEMASSPRODUCTION,ANDINDUSTRYLEADINGPRODUCTSINRECENTYEARS,THEINDUSTRYINCREASEDTHETECHNOLOGICALTRANSFORMATIONEFFORTS,IN1991,LOCALENTERPRISESANDTHESELFFINANCINGTOTALINPUTOFABOUT20BILLIONYUAN,OFWHICHMORETHAN16BILLIONYUANHYDRAULICTHROUGHTECHNOLOGICAL河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计7TRANSFORMATIONANDTECHNOLOGYRESEARCH,ANDANUMBEROFMAJORENTERPRISESTOFURTHERIMPROVETHELEVELOFTECHNOLOGY,TECHNIQUEANDEQUIPMENTTOBEGREATLYIMPROVEDINORDERTOFORMAHIGHERSTARTINGPOINT,SPECIALIZATION,ANDRUNPRODUCTIONHASLAIDAGOODFOUNDATIONINRECENTYEARS,MANYCOUNTRIESINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCOMMONOWNERSHIPGUIDELINES,UNDERDIFFERENTOWNERSHIPSMESRAPIDRISESHOWINGGREATVITALITYWITHTHEFURTHEROPENINGUP,THREEFUNDEDENTERPRISESRAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFINDUSTRYSTANDARDSFORIMPROVINGANDEXPANDINGEXPORTSPLAYANIMPORTANTROLETODAY,CHINAHASANDTHEUNITEDSTATES,JAPAN,GERMANYANDOTHERCOUNTRIESFAMOUSMANUFACTURERSJOINTVENTURESORWHOLLYOWNEDBYFOREIGNMANUFACTURERSTOESTABLISHAPISTONPUMP/MOTOR,PLANETARYREDUCTIONGEARS,STEERINGGEAR,HYDRAULICCONTROLVALVE,HYDRAULICSYSTEM,HYDROSTATICTRANSMISSION,HYDRAULICCASTINGPNEUMATICCONTROLVALVE,CYLINDER,GASPROCESSINGTRIPLEPIECES,MECHANICALSEALS,RUBBERANDSEALPRODUCTSMORETHAN50PRODUCTIONENTERPRISES,ATTRACTINGFOREIGNINVESTMENTOVER200MILLIONUSDOLLARSSECOND,THECURRENTSITUATION1BASICPROFILESAFTER40YEARSOFEFFORTS,CHINAHYDRAULIC,河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计8PNEUMATICANDSEALINGINDUSTRYHASFORMEDARELATIVELYCOMPLETECATEGORIESACERTAINLEVELOFTECHNICALCAPACITYANDTHEINDUSTRIALSYSTEMACCORDINGTOTHE1995THIRDNATIONALINDUSTRIALCENSUSSTATISTICS,HYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICSEALSANDINDUSTRIAL370,000ANNUALSALESINCOMEOF100MILLIONYUANINSTATEOWNED,VILLAGERUN,PRIVATEANDCOOPERATIVEENTERPRISES,INDIVIDUAL,“THREECAPITAL“ENTERPRISESWITHATOTALOFMORETHAN1,300,OFWHICHABOUT700HYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICSEALSANDTHEAPPROXIMATELY300THOUSANDBY1996WITHTHEINTERNATIONALTRADESTATISTICS,THETOTALOUTPUTVALUEOFCHINASINDUSTRYHYDRAULIC2348BILLIONYUAN,ACCOUNTINGFORTHEWORLDS6PNEUMATICINDUSTRYOUTPUT419MILLIONYUAN,ACCOUNTINGFORWORLDNO102THECURRENTSUPPLYANDDEMANDPROFILESTHROUGHTHEINTRODUCTIONOFTECHNOLOGY,INDEPENDENTDEVELOPMENTANDTECHNOLOGICALINNOVATION,ANDHIGHPRESSUREPISTONPUMP,GEARPUMPS,VANEPUMP,GENERALMOTORSHYDRAULICVALVES,TANKS,NONLUBRICATEDAERODYNAMICPIECESANDVARIOUSSEALSOFTHEFIRSTLARGETECHNOLOGYPRODUCTSHASINCREASEDNOTICEABLYSTABILITYOFTHEMASSPRODUCTIONMAY,FORVARIOUSMAINFRAMEPRODUCTSPROVIDEALEVELOFASSURANCEINADDITION,HYDRAULICANDPNEUMATICCOMPONENTSOFTHECADSYSTEM,河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计9POLLUTIONCONTROL,PROPORTIONALSERVOTECHNOLOGYHASSCOREDSOMEACHIEVEMENTS,ANDISALREADYINPRODUCTIONCURRENTLY,HYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALSPRODUCTSTOTALABOUT3,000SPECIES,MORETHAN23,000SPECIFICATIONSAMONGTHEM,THEREARE1,200HYDRAULICVARIETIES,MORETHAN10,000SPECIFICATIONSINCLUDINGHYDRAULICPRODUCTS60VARIETIES500SPECIFICATIONSPNEUMATICARE1,350VARIETIES,MORETHAN8,000SPECIFICATIONSRUBBERSEAL350SPECIESMORETHAN5,000SPECIFICATIONSHAVEBEENBASICALLYCATERTOTHEDIFFERENTTYPESOFMAINFRAMEPRODUCTSTOTHEGENERALNEEDS,COMPLETESETSOFEQUIPMENTFORMAJORVARIETIESOFMATCHINGRATEWASOVER60,ANDSTARTEDASMALLAMOUNTOFEXPORTS1998PIECESOFHOMEMADEHYDRAULICOUTPUT48MILLIONSALESOFABOUT28BILLIONOFWHICHABOUT70MECHANICALSYSTEMSAERODYNAMICPIECESYIELD36MILLIONSALESOFABOUT55BILLIONOFWHICHABOUT60OFMECHANICALSYSTEMSSEALSOUTPUTOFABOUT800MILLIONSALESOFABOUT10BILLIONOFWHICHABOUT50MECHANICALSYSTEMSACCORDINGTOTHECHINAHYDRAULICPNEUMATICSEALSINDUSTRYASSOCIATION1998ANNUALREPORT,HYDRAULICPRODUCTSALESRATEOF975101FORHYDRAULIC,PNEUMATIC959,987SEALEDTHISFULLYREFLECTSTHEBASICMARKETINGCONVERGENCE河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计10MYHYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALINGINDUSTRYHASATTAINEDAGREATDEALOFPROGRESS,BUTWITHMAINFRAMEDEVELOPMENTNEEDS,ANDTHEWORLDSADVANCEDLEVEL,THEREARESTILLMANYGAPS,MAINLYREFLECTEDINTHEPRODUCTVARIETY,PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY,ANDSOONHYDRAULICPRODUCTSASANEXAMPLE,PRODUCTSABROADONLYONETHIRD,LIFEFORHALFABROADINORDERTOMEETKEYMAINFRAME,ANDMAINFRAMEIMPORTSOFMAJORTECHNOLOGYANDEQUIPMENTNEEDS,EVERYYEARALARGENUMBEROFHYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALINGPRODUCTSIMPORTSACCORDINGTOCUSTOMSSTATISTICSANDTHEANALYSISOFDATA,IN1998HYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALSINTHEIMPORTABOUT200MILLIONUSDOLLARS,HYDRAULICWHICHABOUT14BILLIONDOLLARS,AERODYNAMICNEARLY030MILLIONUSDOLLARS,SEALEDABOUT030MILLIONUSDOLLARSCOMPAREDWITHASLIGHTDECLINEIN1997BYSUMS,CURRENTLYIMPORTEDPRODUCTSONTHEDOMESTICMARKETSHAREOFABOUT301998PIECESOFTHEDOMESTICMARKETDEMANDFORHYDRAULICTOTALOFABOUTSIXMILLION,THETOTALSALESOFNEARLY40BILLIONAERODYNAMICPIECESOFTHETOTALDEMANDOFABOUT5MILLION,WITHSALESMORETHAN700MILLIONYUANSEALSTOTALDEMANDOFABOUT11BILLIONTOTALSALESOFABOUT13BILLIONTHIRD,THEDEVELOPMENTTRENDOFTHEFUTURE1,AFFECTTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEMAINFACTORS河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计111PRODUCTDEVELOPMENTABILITY,ANDTHELEVELOFTECHNOLOGICALDEVELOPMENTANDSPEEDCANNOTCOMPLETELYMEETTHEADVANCEDMAINFRAMEPRODUCTS,MAJOREQUIPMENTANDTECHNOLOGYIMPORTEDEQUIPMENTANDMAINTENANCESUPPORT2THENUMBEROFENTERPRISESMANUFACTURINGTECHNOLOGY,THELEVELOFEQUIPMENTANDMANAGEMENTSTANDARDSARECOMPARATIVELYBACKWARD,COUPLEDWITHASTRONGSENSEOFQUALITY,RESULTINGINLOWLEVELSOFPRODUCTPERFORMANCE,QUALITY,RELIABILITYPOORSERVICESINATIMELYMANNER,LACKOFUSERSATISFACTIONANDTRUSTOFTHEBRANDNAMEPRODUCTS3INDUSTRYSPECIALIZATIONOFPRODUCTIONLOW,SCATTEREDSTRENGTH,LOWREPEATSERIOUS,BETWEENREGIONSANDENTERPRISESOFCONVERGENCEPRODUCTS,BLINDLYCOMPETEWITHEACHOTHER,DRIVINGDOWNPRICES,THEDECLINEOFENTERPRISERETURNS,LACKOFFUNDS,LIQUIDITYDIFFICULTIES,PRODUCTDEVELOPMENTANDTECHNOLOGICALTRANSFORMATIONISINADEQUATEANDSERIOUSLYRESTRICTEDTHEINDUSTRYTOIMPROVETHEOVERALLLEVELOFCOMPETITIONANDTHEINCREASEOFSTRENGTH4THEINTERNATIONALIZATIONOFTHEDOMESTICMARKETANDTHEINCREASINGDEGREEOFFOREIGNCOMPANIESHAVEENTEREDTHECHINESEMARKETANDPARTICIPATEINCOMPETITIONWITHTHEDOMESTICPRIVATEANDCOOPERATIVE河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计12ENTERPRISES,INDIVIDUALS,FOREIGNFUNDEDENTERPRISES,SUCHASTHERISEOFSTATEOWNEDENTERPRISESDUETOTHEGROWINGIMPACT2,THEDEVELOPMENTTRENDASTHESOCIALISTMARKETECONOMYCONTINUESTODEEPEN,HYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALINGPRODUCTSINTHEMARKETSUPPLYANDDEMANDANDTHEREISAGREATERCHANGE,LONGAGOTOA“SHORTAGE“OFTHESELLERSMARKETHASBASICALLYBECOMEA“STRUCTURALSURPLUS“OFTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHEBUYERSMARKETPLACEOVERALLCAPACITY,ISALREADYINOVERSUPPLYSITUATION,INPARTICULARTHEGENERALLOWLEVELOFHYDRAULIC,PNEUMATICANDSEALS,THEGENERALOVERSUPPLYANDTHEHOSTOFURGENTHIGHTECHHIGHPARAMETER,HIGHVALUEADDEDHIGHENDPRODUCTS,ANDTHEYDONOTSATISFYTHEMARKETNEEDS,ONLYDEPENDENTONIMPORTSCHINAJOINSTHEWTO,ITSIMPACTMAYBEEVENGREATERTHEREFORE,THE“15“DURINGTHEGROWTHOFTHEOUTPUTVALUEOFINDUSTRY,MUSTNOTDEPENDONVOLUMEGROWTHANDTHEINDUSTRYSHOULDADDRESSTHESTRUCTURALPROBLEMSOFTHEIROWN,INCREASETHEINTENSITYOFTHEADJUSTMENTOFTHEINDUSTRIALSTRUCTUREANDPRODUCTMIX,IS,WESHOULDRELYONTHEIMPROVEMENTOFQUALITY,ANDPROMOTETECHNICALUPGRADINGOFPRODUCTSTOMEETMARKETDEMANDANDSTIMULATING,SEEKGREATERDEVELOPMENT河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计13中文翻译液压站及液压元件发展概况河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计14液压站又称液压泵站，是独立的液压装置。它按逐级要求供油。并控制液压油流的方向、压力和流量，适用于主机与液压装置可分离的各种液压机械上。用户购后只要将液压站与主机上的执行机构（油缸或油马达）用油管相连，液压机械即可实现各种规定的动作和工作循环。液压站是由泵装置、集成块或阀组合、油箱、电气盒组合而成。各部件功能为泵装置上装有电机和油泵，是液压站的动力源，将机械能转化为液压油的压力能。集成块由液压阀及通道体组装而成。对液压油实行方向、压力和流量调节。阀组合板式阀装在立板上，板后管连接，与集成块功能相同。油箱板焊的半封闭容器，上还装有滤油网、空气滤清器等，用来储油、油的冷却及过滤。电气盒分两种型式。一种设置外接引线的端子板；一种配置了全套控制电器。液压站的工作原理电机带动油泵转动，泵从油箱中吸油供油，将机械能转化为液压站的压力能，液压油通过集成块（或阀组合）实现了方向、压力、流量调节后经外接管路并至液压机械的油缸或油马达中，从而控制液动机方向的变换、力量的大小及速度的快慢，推动各种液压机械做功。一、发展历程河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计15我国液压（含液力，下同）、气动和密封件工业发展历程，大致可分为三个阶段，即20世纪50年代初到60年代初为起步阶段；6070年代为专业化生产体系成长阶段；8090年代为快速发展阶段。其中，液压工业于50年代初从机床行业生产仿苏的磨床、拉床、仿形车床等液压传动起步，液压元件由机床厂的液压车间生产，自产自用。进入60年代后，液压技术的应用从机床逐渐推广到农业机械和工程机械等领域，原来附属于主机厂的液压车间有的独立出来，成为液压件专业生产厂。到了60年代末、70年代初，随着生产机械化的发展，特别是在为第二汽车制造厂等提供高效、自动化设备的带动下，液压元件制造业出现了迅速发展的局面，一批中小企业也成为液压件专业制造厂。1968年中国液压元件年产量已接近20万件；1973年在机床、农机、工程机械等行业，生产液压件的专业厂已发展到100余家，年产量超过100万件，一个独立的液压件制造业已初步形成。这时，液压件产品已从仿苏产品发展为引进技术与自行设计相结合的产品，压力向中、高压发展，并开发了电液伺服阀及系统，液压应用领域进一步扩大。气动工业的起步比液压稍晚几年，到1967年开始建立气动元件专业厂，气动元件才作为商品生产和销售。含橡塑密封、机械密封和柔性石墨密封的密封件工业，50年代初从生产普通O型圈、油封等挤压橡塑密封和石棉密封制品起步，到60年代初，开始研制生产机械密封和柔性石墨密封等制品。70年代，在原燃化部、一机部、农机部所属系统内，一批专业生产厂相继成立，并正式形成行业，为密封件工业的发展成长奠定了基础。进入80年代，在国家改革开放的方针指引下，随着机械工河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计16业的发展，基础件滞后于主机的矛盾日益突出，并引起各有关部门的重视。为此，原一机部于1982年组建了通用基础件工业局，将原有分散在机床、农业机械、工程机械等行业归口的液压、气动和密封件专业厂，统一划归通用基础件局管理，从而使该行业在规划、投资、引进技术和科研开发等方面得到基础件局的指导和支持。从此进入了快速发展期，先后引进了60余项国外先进技术，其中液压40余项、气动7项，经消化吸收和技术改造，现均已批量生产，并成为行业的主导产品。近年来，行业加大了技术改造力度，19911998年国家、地方和企业自筹资金总投入共约20多亿元，其中液压16亿多元。经过技术改造和技术攻关，一批主要企业技术水平进一步提高，工艺装备得到很大改善，为形成高起点、专业化、批量生产打下了良好基础。近几年，在国家多种所有制共同发展的方针指引下，不同所有制的中小企业迅猛崛起，呈现出勃勃生机。随着国家进一步开放，三资企业迅速发展，对提高行业水平和扩大出口起着重要作用。目前我国已和美国、日本、德国等国著名厂商合资或由外国厂商独资建立了柱塞泵/马达、行星减速机、转向器、液压控制阀、液压系统、静液压传动装置、液压件铸造、气动控制阀、气缸、气源处理三联件、机械密封、橡塑密封等类产品生产企业50多家，引进外资2亿多美元。二、目前状况1基本概况经过40多年的努力，我国液压、气动和密封件行业已形成了一个门类比较齐全，有一定生产能力和技术水平的工业体系。据1995年全国第三次工业普查统计，我国液压、气动和密封件河南理工大学万方科技学院毕业设计17工业乡及乡以上年销售收入在100万元以上的国营、村办、私营、合作经营、个体、“三资”等企业共有1300余家，其中液压约700家，气动和密封件各约300余家。按1996年国际同行业统计，我国液压行业总产值2348亿元，占世界第6位；气动
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