QB5050路灯维修车改装设计【全套含10张CAD图纸、毕业论文】
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qb5050
路灯
维修
改装
设计
全套
10
cad
图纸
毕业论文
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1ULTRAHIGHHYDRAULICANGLEORINGSEALTHEEXPERIMENTALSTUDYABSTRACTNITRILERUBBERORINGEHVENDKOKCONTAINERSSEALEDIMPOSEDONCONTAINERSSOHIGHHYDRAULICSEALEXPERIMENTALSERIESTHERESULTSSHOWTHATANGLEENCLOSEDSTRUCTURE,ASWELLASORINGCOMPRESSIONRATE,DIAMETER,ENCLOSEDSPACE,RUBBERHARDNESS,THESEALINGSURFACEROUGHNESSANDSEALTHEFORMANDPOSITIONTOLERANCES,ANDOTHERRELEVANTFACTORSREASONABLEMATCH,STRICTCONTROL,THEUSEOFORDINARYORINGCANBEACHIEVED138MPAULTRAHIGHSTATICHYDRAULICSEALKEYWORDSEHVSTATICORINGSEALALONGWITHTHERAPIDMODERNINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENT,UHPINCREASINGLYWIDESPREADUSEOFTHEULTRAHIGHPRESSUREKILLINGHILL,SUPERHIGHSPEEDREFRIGERATION,EXPANDEDFOODINDUSTRY,SUPERCRITICALFLUIDEXTRACTION,LOWSALTTREATMENT,EXPANDEDROOMTEMPERATUREANDHIGHPRESSURECOMPRESSIONFERMENTATIONANDOTHERTYPICALAPPLICATIONSSUCHEQUIPMENTISPRODUCEDBYTHEMANYADVANTAGESOFINCREASINGPEOPLESATTENTIONIFUHPFOODPRODUCTIONISINSTANTANEOUSPRESSURE,ROLEUNIFORM,SAFEOPERATIONANDLOWENERGYCONSUMPTIONTOMAINTAINGOODNATURALFOODCOLOR,SMELLANDTASTEANDNUTRITIONALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHECOMPONENTS,WITH21NEWFOODSIMPLE,SAFE,NATURAL,NUTRITION,HEALTH,ANDENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONINCONSUMPTIONDEMANDWHICHHAVESIGNIFICANTSOCIALANDECONOMICBENEFITS,HASTREMENDOUSMARKETPOTENTIALANDBROADPROSPECTSFORDEVELOPMENTHOWEVER,CHINASCURRENTUHPFOODPRODUCTIONINDUSTRIESBADLYNEEDTOIMPROVETHELEVELOFEQUIPMENT,CANPRODUCEECONOMIC,ENERGYSAVING,SAFEANDEFFICIENTHANDLINGEQUIPMENTCONSTRAINSEHVFOODPROCESSINGTECHNOLOGYMARKETINGMAJORBOTTLENECKAMONGTHEM,HOWTOCREATEECONOMICEHVCONTAINERSANDENSURETHATTHEHIGHPRESSURESEALCONTAINERSISPARTICULARLYDIFFICULTLIEUHVEQUIPMENTCANOPERATENORMALLYSEALEDTOALARGEEXTENTDEPENDSONTHEINTEGRITYOFTHESTRUCTUREHIGHPRESSURESEALINGDEVICEABOUTTHEWEIGHTOFTHECONTAINERS,WEIGHING10TO30ANDTHECOSTACCOUNTSFOR1540OFTHE2TOTALCOST,DESIGNSEALEDPRESSUREVESSELDESIGNISANIMPORTANTCOMPONENTBECAUSEMANYUHVEQUIPMENTFORSPACEOPERATIONS,THEOPERATIONREQUIRESNOTONLYMATERIALCANBEQUICKLYLOADEDFASTAGAINANDTHEFREQUENTREQUIREMENTINTHEOPENDESPITEREPEATEDACHIEVERELIABLESEALING,GENERALUSEOFFASTOPENCLOSEDSTRUCTURESINCETHECLOSEOFTHISPROBLEMCANBERESOLVEDORDINARYRUBBERORINGSEALSTRUCTUREISSIMPLE,CONVENIENCE,LOWCOST,COMPACTINSTALLATION,EASYTOUSEANDHASSINCECLOSEDCLOSELYROLEADVANTAGES,THEINDUSTRYISWIDELYUSEDSOEXPERIMENTNITRILERUBBERNBRORINGS325SPECIFICATIONSFORTHE355GIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHESTANDARDSFORGB3452192KOKSEALEDEXPERIMENTS1ORINGSEALFROMTHEPRINCIPLE1STATEPRELOADORINGSEALEDSITEAFTERITSGENERALSECTIONBYACERTAINAMOUNTOFCOMPRESSION,ASORINGSHAVEGOODFLEXIBILITY,THEINTERFACEWILLHAVEACERTAINDEGREEOFCONTACTPRESSURE,THUSACHIEVINGPRELOADUNDERSEAL2STATEWHENTHESEALEDCHAMBERFILLEDWITHHYDRAULICMEDIA,THEROLEOFMEDIAPRESSURE,THEORINGTOSHIFTTHELOWPRESSURESIDE,ANDTHESEALGAPCLOSEDTOLIVEWITHTHEINCREASEOFMEDIAPRESSURE,THECONTACTPRESSUREHASALSOBEENINCREASING,THEPEAKISALWAYSGREATERTHANTHEFLUIDPRESSURETHISWILLGUARANTEETHATTHEORINGSEALTHESEALINGFUNCTION,REFLECTSTHEORINGSEALTHEABILITYTOAUTOMATICALLYSEALEDEXPERIENCEHASSHOWNTHATFORORDINARYRUBBERMATERIALS,GENERALLY13105PATHANTHESTANDARDPRESSURE2THEMAINPARAMETERSOFSEALORINGSEALEFFECTSANDCOMPRESSIONRATE,DIAMETER,ENCLOSEDSPACE,RUBBERHARDNESS,THESEALINGSURFACEROUGHNESSANDSEALTHEFORMANDPOSITIONTOLERANCES,ANDOTHERFACTORSARECLOSELYRELATEDTHEIMPACTOFORINGSEALPROPERTIESOFVARIOUSFACTORS,ASLONGASTHEPARAMETERSOFADESIGNWILLREDUCETHEUNREASONABLERESULTSSEALED,EVENRESULTINSEALFAILURENOW,THEREFOREDISCUSSTHEIMPACTOFSPECIFICFACTORSTODETERMINETHEVALUE1）COMPRESSIONRATEAFTERTHEOSHAPELINKLOADSTHESEALSPOT,ITSSECTIONGENERALLYRECEIVESAQUOTATHECOMPRESSION,BECAUSETHEOSHAPELINKHASTHEGOODELASTICITY,DOCKINGTOUCHESPERSONALLY3MEETSHASTHECERTAINCONTACTPRESSURE,THUSREALIZESUNDERTHEPRETIGHTCONDITIONSEAL2ACTIVESTATUSAFTERTHESEALEDCHAMBERSUFFICIENTLYENTERSTHEHYDRAULICPRESSUREMEDIUM,INUNDERTHEMEDIUMPRESSUREFUNCTION,THEOSHAPELINKCARRIESOVERALOWPRESSURESIDE,SEALSUPTHESEALGAPALONGWITHTHEMEDIUMPRESSUREINCREASE,THECONTACTPRESSUREALSOALONGWITHITINCREASE,ITSPEAKVALUEALWAYSISBIGGERTHANTHEFLUIDMEDIUMPRESSURETHISHASGUARANTEEDTHEOSHAPEPACKINGRINGSEALFUNCTION,ALSOHASREFLECTEDTHEOSHAPEPACKINGRINGAUTOMATICSEALINGABILITYTHEEXPERIENCEINDICATEDTHAT,REGARDINGTHEORDINARYRUBBERMATERIAL,GENERALLYASTHESTANDARDCOMPARESTHEPRESSURETAKE13105PA3SEALGAPORINGGAPINTHEHIGHPRESSUREEASILYDEFORMEDEASILYBESQUEEZEDINTOTHESEALEDSPACEINORDERTOCAUSEDAMAGE,ITISNECESSARYTOTHEORINGSEALGAPTOBESTRICTLYCONTROLLEDTOPREVENTORINGEXTRUSIONOCCURRED,ANDTOTAKEINTOACCOUNTTHEDIFFICULTYOFINSTALLINGANDDISMANTLING,THEEXPERIMENTALSPACEFORTHESEALINGOF01MM3EXPERIMENTALDEVICESANDAIRTIGHTSTRUCTURE1HARDNESSELASTICMODULUSSMALLORING,THEMAXIMUMCONTACTSTRESSSMALL,EXTRUSIONCAPACITY,EASYTODESTROYSOWHENAHIGHPRESSURE,HIGHHARDNESSSHOULDUSETHEORINGINTHISEXPERIMENTTHEORINGHARDNESSIRHDINTERNATIONALRUBBERHARDNESSLEVELS,8055SEALINGSURFACEROUGHNESSSEALTHESURFACEROUGHNESSISSEALINGTECHNIQUETOMEASUREANIMPORTANTINDICATORIFTHESEALINGSURFACEDEPARTMENTHASMANUFACTURINGDEFECTSORVERTICALSCRATCH,ITISVERYEASYTOSEALLEAKAGEMEDIA“ULTRAHIGHPRESSUREVESSELSAFETYTECHNOLOGYSUPERVISION“PROVIDEDEHVCONTAINERSSEALINGSURFACEROUGHNESSRASHOULDBELESSTHANOREQUALTO08MTHEEXPERIMENTALSEALINGSURFACEROUGHNESSRAFROM04M2SEALSTHEFORMANDPOSITIONTOLERANCESSECRETSEALEDCYLINDRICALSURFACEOFROUNDNESS,CYLINDRICITYTOLERANCEBYEIGHTPRECISIONSELECTIONHOLEFACEVERTICALAXISOFTOLERANCEBYSEVENPRECISIONSELECTION4EXPERIMENT41ORINGUNIFORMSURFACECOATINGSMALLGREASECOVERANDARBORSWILLUSEDOUBLEHEADEDSTUDCONNECTION,ANDORINGINSTALLEDMANDRELS,BOLTPALLETSUSEDTOCONNECTTOTHEMANDRELSTOCOMPRESSORING2HIGHPRESSUREPIPEASSEMBLY,ANDTHESMALLJOINTSNUTNUTS,NUTWILLJOINTSANDHYDRAULICMEDIAENTRANCEOFTHETHREADEDCONNECTION3UNDERTHEPALLETS,CONTAINERSANDWITHTHEENDCAPSONTHEMAPBYAPLATEPLACEDPRESSACCESSTOPOWER,TWOPLATECOMPACTORNEXTTWOPAD4ACCESSTOPOWER,PREHEAT5MINUTES,PRESSURERELIEFVALVEROTATION10MPATOTHEDIFFERENTIALPRESSURE,PRESSUREPERLEVEL5MINUTESTOOBSERVEANYLEAKAGE5RECORDSEXPANDERPRESSUREONTHEINDICATORVALUESANDTHEHYDRAULICFLUIDLEAKAGESEVERALEXPERIMENTSSHOWTHAT,ASLONGASAREASONABLECHOICEANDSTRICTLYCONTROLTHEIMPACTOFTHESEALINGPERFORMANCEOFTHEMAINFACTORSFIGURE,INDIVIDUALUSEOFORDINARYORINGSEALSTRUCTURECONE138MPACANACHIEVEARELIABLESEALASLABORATORYEQUIPMENTCONSTRAINTS,THEEXPERIMENTISJUST138MPAHYDRAULICSEAL,ORINGSEALSTHATTHEREISAPOTENTIALTOBETAPPEDTHISBREAKTHROUGHOFTHETRADITIONALINFORMATIONTHATTHEORINGSEALMAXIMUMSTATICPRESSUREOF70MPAANDWHENWORKPRESSURETHANUNIFORMCANADAHUBCAPNEEDTOPREVENTEXTRUSIONOFTHELIMITEDSPACE,ITISWORTHFURTHEREXPERIMENTSORINGSEALSTRUCTUREOFCONESHAPEDORINGSEALANDTHECORRESPONDINGSURFACEOFTHEMANUFACTUREOFCERTAINDEVIATIONCOMPENSATION,THISREDUCESTHEMANUFACTURINGOFPRECISIONREQUIREMENTS,THISSEALSTRUCTURESHOULDBEPROMOTEDORINGSINTHECOMPLETEDSEVERALHIGHPRESSURESEAL,FOUNDHISAPPEARANCEMINOREXTRUSIONGAPPHENOMENONTHISSHOWSTHATTHEORINGISACHIEVABLE138MPAABOUTEHVSEALEDBUTMEDIAPRESSUREISREQUIREDTOCONSIDERINCREASEDUSEOFORINGSWITHTHETRIANGULARPADCOMBINATIONSEALEDSTRUCTUREORUSEOTHERSEALINGPATHWAYSTOSOLVE,BUTTHISPAPERTOEXPLORETHEIMPACTOFSEALINGPERFORMANCEOFTHEMAINPARAMETERSOFMETHODS,THEREISSTILLADEFINITEREFERENCEVALUEHUBCAPNEEDTOPREVENTEXTRUSIONOFTHELIMITEDSPACE,ITISWORTHFURTHEREXPERIMENTS5超高液压下形环角密封的实验研究摘要采用丁腈橡胶O形环实现超高压容器端部角密封,对容器施加超高液压做系列密封实验。结果表明,采用角密封结构,并对O形环压缩率、截面直径、密封间隙、橡胶硬度、密封面的粗糙度和密封件的形位公差等相关因素进行合理匹配,严格控制,使用普通O形环可以实现138MPA超高液压的静密封。关键词超高压O形环静密封随着现代工业的快速发展,超高压越来越广泛地运用到超高压杀茵、超高速冷冻、食品膨化工业、超临界流体萃取、低盐化处理、室温高压膨化以及加压发酵等典型应用场合。这类设备所生产的产品具有众多优越性,日益引起人们的普遍关注。如超高压食品的生产具有瞬间加压、作用均匀、操作安全和耗能低能很好地保持食物天然的色、香、味和营养成分的特点,符合21世纪新型食品简便、安全、天然、营养、卫生、环保的消费需求。因而有着显著的社会效益和经济效益,具有巨大的潜在市场和广阔的发展前景。但是,现今我国的超高压食品的生产存在亟待提高工业装备水平的问题,能否制造出经济、节能、安全、高效的处理设备成为制约超高压食品处理技术市场推广的主要瓶颈。其中,如何经济地制造超高压容器并保证容器的超高压密封尤为难点之所在。超高压设备能否正常运行在很大程度上取决于密封结构的完善性。高压密封装置的重量约占容器总重的1030,而成本却占总成本的1540,因此密封设计工作是高压容器设计的重要组成部分。由于许多超高压设备为间隙操作,操作时不但要求物料能快装快卸,且要求在开启频繁的情况下仍能实现多次可靠密封,一般使用快开式自紧密封结构才能解决这一难题。普通O形橡胶密封环具有结构简单、制造方便、价格便宜、安装紧凑、使用方便和具有自紧密封作用等优点,被各行业广泛使用。因此实验采用丁腈橡胶NBRO形环规格为325355G,执行标准为GB3452192进行角密封实验研究。O形环的自紧密封原理1预紧状态O形环装入密封部位后,其截面一般受到一定量的压缩,由于O形环有良好的弹性,6对接触面会产生一定的接触压力,从而实现预紧状态下的密封。2工作状态当密封腔充入液压介质后,在介质压力的作用下,O形环移向低压一侧,封闭住密封间隙。随着介质压力的增加,接触压力亦随之增加,其峰值总是大于流体介质压力。这就保证了O形密封环的密封功能,也反映了O形密封环的自动密封能力。经验表明,对于普通橡胶材料,一般以13105PA为标准比压。2主要密封参数的确定O形环的密封效果与压缩率、截面直径、密封间隙、橡胶硬度、密封面的粗糙度和密封件的形位公差等因素密切相关。在影响O形环密封性能的诸因素中,只要有1个参数的设计不合理就会降低其密封效果,甚至导致密封失效。因此下面就讨论一下各影响因素具体数值的确定。1压缩率形环密封是典型的压缩型密封。O形环截面直径的压缩率是影响密封效果和使用寿命的重要参数。大多数情况下的泄漏与压缩量不足有关,但是过量压缩又会造成装拆困难和产生过大的残余变形,而这将严重缩短其使用寿命。因此应合理确定形环的压缩率。压缩率用下式表示WD0/HD0100式中D0为O形环的截面直径MM,H为O形环压缩后的截面尺寸。对于静密封压缩率一般取1022,本实验取为15。2截面直径对于相同的压缩量,截面直径大的O形环的接触宽度大,相应的最大接触应力小,因此在橡胶O形环满足结构工艺等其他要求的情况下,尽可能选择大截面的橡胶O形环。本实验容器密封面内孔直径为39MM,O形环截面直径取355MM。3密封间隙O形环在高压力下很容易变形,容易被挤入密封间隙中去,造成损坏,因此必须对O形环的密封间隙加以严格控制。为了防止O形环发生挤出现象,并考虑到装拆的难易程度,本实验的密封间隙取为01MM。4硬度弹性模量小的O形环,则最大接触压应力小,挤出量大,易破坏。
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