大连交通大学-软件工程期末考试(第一套A卷)

教研室主任（签字）学院院长（系主任）（签字）大连交通大学试卷20072008学年第1学期课程SOFTWAREENGINEERING软件工程A卷（2004年级）课程性质（必修专业限选任选）考试方式（闭卷开卷）一、FOREACHQUESTION,THEREAREFOURCHOICESMARKEDA,B,C,D,CHOOSETHEBESTANSWEREACH1POINT,TOTAL30POINT1、THEAIMOFSOFTWAREENGINEERINGISTOPRODUCESOFTWARETHATISADELIVEREDONTIMEBDELIVEREDWITHINBUDGETCSATISFIESUSERSNEEDSDALLOFTHEABOVE2、MORETIMEANDMONEYISSPENTINTHE_PHASETHANANYOTHERPHASEAREQUIREMENTSBSPECIFICATIONCMAINTENANCEDIMPLEMENTATIONANDINTEGRATION3、DURINGWHICHPHASEOFTHESOFTWAREPROJECTMANAGEMENTLIFECYCLESHOULDTESTINGOCCURAINTEGRATIONBIMPLEMENTATIONCMAINTENANCEDTESTINGOCCURSDURINGEACHPHASE4、INWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCIRCUMSTANCESMIGHTTHEWATERFALLSOFTWARELIFECYCLEMODELBEANAPPROPRIATEONETOUSEALARGESCALE,INHOUSEPRODUCTSBFORPRODUCTSUTILIZINGANOPENARCHITECTUREANDCOMPLEXUSERINTERFACECLARGEDOCUMENTDRIVENPROJECTSREQUIRINGADISCIPLINEDAPPROACHDSHORTPROGRAMSTHATWILLNOTNEEDMAINTENANCE5、ADISADVANTAGEOFTHEINCREMENTALMODELISTHATACLIENTSARENOTBILLEDUNTILTHELASTBUILDISCOMPLETEDBTHEMODELCANEASILYDEGENERATEINTOTHEBUILDANDFIXAPPROACHCITISNOTEASYTOACCOMMODATECHANGESTHATOCCURDUETOEXTERNALCOMPETITIVE,SOCIALANDREGULATORYFORCESDALLOFTHESEAREDISADVANTAGESOFTHEINCREMENTALMODEL6、ACOMMONFEATURESOFOBJECTORIENTEDLIFECYCLEMODELSIS/AREAITERATIONBPARALLELISMCINCREMENTALDEVELOPMENTDALLOFTHEABOVE7、THEDEMOCRATICTEAMAPPROACHISALSOKNOWNASATHECLEANROOMAPPROACHBEGOLESSPROGRAMMINGCBOTTOMUPIMPLEMENTATIONDSYNCHRONIZEANDSTABILIZETEAMS得分题号一二三四五六七八九总分得分8、INTHECLASSICALCHIEFPROGRAMMERTEAMAPPROACH,THETEAMMEMBERRESPONSIBLEFORBLACKBOXTESTCASEGENERATIONISATHECHIEFPROGRAMMERBTHEBACKUPPROGRAMMERCPROGRAMMERDTHEPROGRAMMINGSECRETARY9、STEPWISEREFINEMENTISAPROBLEMSOLVINGTECHNIQUETHATUNDERLIESMANYSOFTWAREENGINEERINGTECHNIQUESITCANBEDEFINEDASAMEANSTOASPECIFYTHEPRODUCTSDESIGNUPFRONTINORDERTOMINIMIZEINTEGRATIONPROBLEMSDURINGLATERPHASESBPOSTPONEDECISIONSONDETAILSUNTILASLATEASPOSSIBLEINORDERTOBEABLETOCONCENTRATEONTHEIMPORTANTISSUESCDECOMPOSETHEPROBLEMINTOPIECESOFEQUALIMPORTANCEDREVIEWTHEPROJECTSDELIVERABLESSUCHASSPECIFICATIONDOCUMENTSANDCODEBYSTEPPINGTHROUGHTHEMDURINGREVIEWMEETINGS10、ATOOLTHATCANAUTOMATICALLYMANAGEMULTIPLEVERSIONSISANAUPPERCASETOOLBCOMPILERCCONFIGURATIONMANAGEMENTTOOLDSTRUCTUREEDITOR11、INSOFTWAREENGINEERINGTHETERMQUALITYIMPLIESAEXCELLENCEBTHEEXTENTTOWHICHTHEPRODUCTSATISFIESITSSPECIFICATIONCTHEREHAVEBEENNOFATALOROTHERWISECATASTROPHICCONSEQUENCESOFITSOPERATIONDTHATCOMPREHENSIVETESTINGHASNOTREVEALEDTHEPRESENCEOFANYBUGS12、WHYSHOULDTHESQAGROUPBEKEPTUNDERSEPARATEMANAGEMENTFROMTHEDEVELOPMENTTEAMSATOINCREASETHEEMPLOYMENTPROSPECTSOFTHEANALYSTSBTODECREASETHECOSTOFMANAGINGLARGETEAMSCTOFACILITATETHEPRINCIPLEOFINFORMATIONHIDINGTHATISCRUCIALTOOBJECTORIENTEDSYSTEMSD、DUETOCONFLICTSTHATMAYARISEASPRODUCTIONDEADLINESAPPROACHWHILSTTHEPRODUCTSTILLHASSERIOUSFAULTS13、THETWOMAINDESIGNSTRATEGIESAREKNOWNASFUNCTIONALDESIGNANDOBJECTORIENTATEDDESIGNWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSISFALSEAINANOBJECTORIENTATEDDESIGNTHESYSTEMSTATEISDECENTRALIZEDANDEACHOBJECTMANAGESITSOWNSTATEINFORMATIONBINFUNCTIONALDESIGNTHESYSTEMSTATEISCENTRALIZEDANDSTATEINFORMATIONISACCESSEDBYDIFFERENTFUNCTIONSCTHEMOSTAPPROPRIATEDESIGNSTRATEGYISSELECTEDFOREACHSTAGEOFDESIGN,THEREISNONEEDTOADHERETOASINGLEAPPROACHDURINGTHEWHOLEDESIGNPROCESSDTHESAMEDESIGNAPPROACHMUSTBEUSEDINTHEDESIGNOFDIFFERENTSYSTEMCOMPONENTSTOENSURECONSISTENCY,ESPECIALLYFORLARGESOFTWARESYSTEMS考生注意考试时间120分钟试卷总分100分共5页第1页专业班级学号姓名14、ADESIGNISSAIDTOBEAGOODDESIGNIFTHECOMPONENTSAREASTRONGLYCOUPLEDANDWEAKLYCOHESIVEBSTRONGLYCOUPLEDANDSTRONGLYCOHESIVECSTRONGLYCOHESIVEANDWEAKLYCOUPLEDDWEAKLYCOHESIVEANDWEAKLYCOUPLED15、WHATIS/ARETHEMAJORDISADVANTAGESOFBASINGTHEREQUIREMENTSPECIFICATIONONAPROTOTYPEMODELATHERAPIDPROTOTYPECANNOTSTANDASALEGALSTATEMENTOFACONTRACTBETWEENADEVELOPERANDACLIENTBCREATINGAWORKINGPROTOTYPETAKESMORETIMEANDEFFORTTHANFORMULATINGWRITTENSPECIFICATIONSCTHEUSERSARENOTABLETOUNDERSTANDTHEMTOTHESAMEEXTENTTHATTHEYAREABLETOCOMPREHENDWRITTENSPECIFICATIONSDALLOFTHESEAREDISADVANTAGES16、USINGTHESTRUCTUREDSYSTEMSAPPROACHFORSPECIFICATIONANDDESIGNTHEEMPHASISISONAREALTIMESYSTEMSBACTIONSCDATADOBJECTS17、USINGSTRUCTUREDSYSTEMSANALYSIS,THELOGICOFTHEPROCESSESISDEVELOPEDBYADEFININGTHEDATASTORESANDDATAFLOWSBDATAMODELINGCPROCESSDECOMPOSITIONDDECISIONTREES18、DURINGDETAILEDDESIGN_AND_ARESPECIFIEDAALGORITHMS,DATASTRUCTURESBMODULES,INTERCONNECTIONSCSUBSYSTEMS,INTERFACESDARCHITECTURE,HUMANCOMPUTERINTERACTIONSHCI19、THEUNDERLININGTECHNIQUEINDATAFLOWANALYSISISAGENERALIZATIONBSPECIALIZATIONCSTEPWISEREFINEMENTDENCAPSULATION20、INOODHOWCANYOUDECIDEWHERETOLOCATEANACTIONABYASSIGNINGITTOACLASSORTOACLIENTIEPROGRAMUNITTHATSENDSAMESSAGETOANOBJECTOFTHATCLASSBONTHEBASISOFINFORMATIONHIDINGIEACTIONSPERFORMEDONSTATEVARIABLESSHOULDBELOCALTOTHATCLASSCBYUSINGRESPONSIBILITYDRIVENDESIGNDBYANYOFTHESETHREEMETHODS21、WHICHUMLDIAGRAMBESTEMPHASIZESTHECHRONOLOGICALORDEROFMESSAGESACLASSDIAGRAMBSEQUENCEDIAGRAMCCOLLABORATIONDIAGRAMDUSECASE装订线22、ASARULEOFTHUMBIFSTATEMENTSSHOULDNOTBENESTEDTOADEPTHGREATERTHANA1B2C3D423、BLACKBOXTESTINGISBASEDONTHEADESIGNDOCUMENTBSPECIFICATIONDOCUMENTDSOFTWAREPROJECTMANAGEMENTPLANSPMPEALLOFTHESE24、ASUCCESSFULTESTCASEISONETHATADETECTSANALREADYIDENTIFIEDFAULTBDETECTSAPREVIOUSLYUNDETECTEDFAULTCRUNSWITHOUTAFAULTBEINGDETECTEDDEXHAUSTIVELYTESTSEVERYPATHTHROUGHAMODULE25、HOWMANYTESTCASESSHOULDBEPREPAREDFOREACHSETWHENITISSPECIFIEDTHATANITEMMUSTBELONGTOAGIVENSETINTHESPECIFICATIONSA1B2C3DNONEOFTHEABOVE26、ANUMBEROFSTUDIESHAVECOMPAREDSTRATEGIESFORMODULETESTINGWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSONTHEIRRELATIVEMERITSISFALSEACODEINSPECTIONISATLEASTASEFFECTIVEATDETECTINGFAULTSASGLASSBOXANDBLACKBOXTESTINGBPROFESSIONALPROGRAMMERSDETECTEDMOREFAULTSWITHCODEREADINGTHANBLACKBOXANDGLASSBOXTESTING,ANDTHEFAULTDETECTIONRATEWASHIGHERCCODEREADINGLEADTOTHEDETECTIONOFMOREINTERFACEFAULTSDCODEWALKTHROUGHSPROVEDTOBETHELEASTCOSTEFFECTIVEMETHOD27、ANADVANTAGEOFTOPDOWNIMPLEMENTATIONANDINTEGRATIONISAITISEASYTODETERMINEWHERETHEFAULTLIESWHENANEWMODULEISADDEDBMAJORDESIGNFLAWSSHOWUPEARLYWHENTHELOGICMODULESARECODEDANDTESTEDCOPERATIONALMODULESAREIMPLEMENTEDAFTERTHEIRANCESTORLOGICMODULESDNONEOFTHESE28、INTEGRATIONTESTINGSHOULDBERUNBYTHEASQAGROUPBPROGRAMMERSWHODEVELOPEDTHEMODULESCANALYSTSWHOSPECIFIEDTHEMODULESFUNCTIONALITYDCLIENTS29、DURINGWHICHPHASEOFTHESOFTWARELIFECYCLEDOYOUFIRSTCONSIDERMAINTENANCEAIMPLEMENTATIONBTESTINGCMAINTENANCEDFROMTHEVERYBEGINNING30、OFTENTHEBESTWAYOFDEALINGWITHPROBLEMSINVOLVINGTHESOFTWAREPRODUCTTHATARENOTEMERGENCIESISTOAFIXTHEMBFINDAWORKROUNDCASSIGNTHEMTOTHELEASTEXPERIENCEDPROGRAMMERSDBLAMESOMEONEELSE共5页第2页专业班级学号姓名二、FILLINTHEBLANK（EACHBLANK1POINT,TOTAL10POINT）1ONESIMPLEWAYOFLOOKINGATTHESPIRALSOFTWARELIFECYCLEMODELISASAWATERFALLMODELWITHEACHPHASEPROCEEDEDBY2ACASEDEVICETHATPROVIDESSUPPORTFORONEORTWOACTIVITIESWITHINTHESOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTPROCESSISREFERREDTOASAN3ANEWVERSIONOFAFAULTYMODULEISAN4ISTHEEXTENTTOWHICHTHEPRODUCTMEETSITSCONSTRAINTSWITHREGARDTORESPONSETIMEORSPACEREQUIREMENTS5IFADATASTRUCTUREISPASSEDASANARGUMENT,BUTTHECALLEDMODULEOPERATESONONLYSOMEOFTHEINDIVIDUALCOMPONENTSOFTHATDATASTRUCTURETHENTHEYARESAIDTOBECOUPLED6CRCSTANDSFORCLASSRESPONSIBILITY7ATTHEENDOFTHEPHASETESTCASESCANSTARTTOBEDRAWNUP8WHENACHANGEISMADETOAPRODUCTTOREACTTOCHANGESINTHEENVIRONMENT,THISISANEXAMPLEOFMAINTENANCE9IFAMAINTENANCEPROGRAMMERLOCATESAFAULTANDCHANGESIT,SOINTRODUCINGANOTHERFAULTINTHEPRODUCT,THENTHISISTERMEDAFAULT10THEPROCESSOFSTARTINGWITHTHESOURCECODEANDRECREATINGTHEDESIGNDOCUMENTSOREVENTHESPECIFICATIONSISKNOWNAS三、ANSWERTHEFOLLOWINGQUESTIONTOTAL45POINT1、EXPLAINTHEFOLLOWINGNOUNEACH3POINT,TOTAL15POINT1SOFTWAREENGINEERING2COSTBENEFITANALYSIS3COHESION得分装订线4DATAENCAPSULATION5REUSE2、DRAWTHEWATERFALLMODELANDDESCRIBEITSSTRENGTHSANDWEAKNESSES6POINT共5页第3页专业班级学号姓名3、LISTTHEDOCUMENTATIONTHATSHOULDBEPRODUCEDDURINGEACHPHASEOFTHESOFTWARELIFECYCLE7POINT4、WHATISTHESTRUCTUREOFCLASSICALCHIEFPROGRAMMERTEAMANDWHATARETHETWOKEYCHARACTERSOFCHIEFPROGRAMMERTEAM7POINTS装订线5、WHATISTHESIMILARITYANDDIFFERENCEBETWEENWALKTHROUGHANDINSPECTION5POINTS6、DETERMINETHECOHESIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGMODULES，ANDEXPLAINYOURREASONINBRIEF（5POINTS）READPARTNUMBERFROMDATABASEANDUPDATEREPAIRRECORDONMAINTENANCEFILECALCULATENEWTRAJECTORY弹道ANDSENDITTOTHEPRINTERGETTEMPERATUREOFFURNACEOPENOLDMASTERFILE,NEWMASTERFILE,TRANSACTIONFILE,ANDPRINTFILEPRINTNEXTLINE,REVERSETHESTRINGOFCHARACTERSCOMPRISINGTHETHIRDARGUMENT共5页第4页专业班级学号姓名四、DESIGNPROBLEMSTOTAL15POINT1、ACCORDINGTOTHERULEOFTHEAIRPLANECOMPANY,PASSENGERSCANHAVELUGGAGEWEIGHTEDLESSOREQUALTO35KGCHECKEDFORFREETHEHEAVYLIFTADDITIONAL超重附加费IS6/KGFORDOMESTICFIRSTCLASSPASSENGERS国内头等舱乘客AND8/KGFOROTHERDOMESTICPASSENGERSTHEHEAVYLIFTADDITIONALFORTHEFOREIGNPASSENGERSISDOUBLEWHATITISFORTHEDOMESTICPASSENGERSTHEHEAVYLIFTADDITIONALFORTHEDISABLEDISHALFOFTHATFORTHENORMALPASSENGERSPLEASEDRAWTHEDECISIONTREEFORTHECARRIAGECOMPUTATION7POINTS得分装订线2、APRODUCTISTOBEINSTALLEDTOCONTROLNELEVATORSINABUILDINGWITHMFLOORSTHEPROBLEMCONCERNTHELOGICREQUIREDTOMOVEELEVATORSBETWEENFLOORSACCORDINGTOTHEFOLLOWINGCONSTRAINS1EACHELEVATORHASASETOFMBUTTONS,ONEFOREACHFLOORTHESEILLUMINATEWHENPRESSEDANDCAUSETHEELEVATORTOVISITTHECORRESPONDINGFLOORTHEILLUMINATIONISCANCELEDWHENTHECORRESPONDINGFLOORISVISITEDBYTHEELEVATOR2EACHFLOOR,EXCEPTTHEFIRSTFLOORANDTHETOPFLOOR,HASTWOBUTTONS,ONETOREQUESTANUPELEVATORANDONETOREQUESTADOWNELEVATORTHESEBUTTONSILLUMINATEWHENPRESSEDTHEILLUMINATIONISCANCELEDWHENANELEVATORVISITSTHEFLOORANDTHENMOVESINTHEDESIREDDIRECTION3WHENANELEVATORHASNOREQUEST,ITREMAINSATITSCURRENTFLOORWITHITSDOORSCLOSEDASSUMETHATYOUAREINTHEOBJECTORIENTEDANALYSISPHASE,PLEASEDRAWTHEUSECASEDIAGRAMANDCLASSDIAGRAMFORTHISPRODUCT8POINTS共5页第5页20072008_1SOFTWAREENGINEERINGKEYANSWERSPAPERA一、FOREACHQUESTION,THEREAREFOURCHOICESMARKEDA,B,C,D,CHOOSETHEBESTANSWEREACH1POINT,TOTAL30POINT1D2C3D4C5B6D7B8B9B10C11B12D13D14C15A16B17D18A19C20D21B22C23B24B25B26A27B28A29D30B评分标准选对给1分，选错给0分。二、FILLINTHEBLANK（EACHBLANK1POINT,TOTAL10POINT）1RISKANALYSIS2WORKBENCH3REVISION4PERFORMANCE5STAMP6COLLABORATION7SPECIFICATION8ADAPTIVE9REGRESSION10REVERSEENGINEERING评分标准完全填对给1分；仅有1处拼写错误的不扣分，拼写错误累计2个扣1分；有3处拼写错误的扣1分，拼写错误累计4个扣2分。单词拼写错误十分严重，无法猜测其拼写意图的不给分。三、ANSWERTHEFOLLOWINGQUESTIONTOTAL45POINT115POINT1SOFTWAREENGINEERINGSOFTWAREENGINEERINGISADISCIPLINEWHOSEAIMISTOPRODUCEFAULTFREESOFTWARE,TODELIVERSOFTWAREONTIMEANDWITHINBUDGETANDTOSATISFYTHECLIENTSREQUIREMENTS2COSTBENEFITANALYSISABASICPRINCIPLEUNDERLYINGMANYSOFTWAREENGINEERINGTECHNIQUESTOCOMPAREESTIMATEDFUTUREBENEFITSANDCOSTS3COHESIONDEGREEOFINTERACTIONWITHINAMODULE4DATAENCAPSULATIONDATASTRUCTURETOGETHERWITHTHEOPERATIONSONIT5REUSEUSECOMPONENTSOFONEPRODUCTTOSIMPLIFYTHEDEVELOPMENTOFANOTHERPRODUCTTHATHASDIFFERENTFUNCTIONS评分标准允许用自己的语言表述名词的意思，根据回答情况酌情给分。26POINTADVANTAGESDISCIPLINEDAPPROACHDOCUMENTDRIVENDISADVANTAGESDELIVEREDPRODUCTMAYNOTMEETCLIENTSNEEDS评分标准画出瀑布模型图给4分，根据绘图完整情况酌情扣分。瀑布模型的优缺点各占1分。37POINTREQUIREMENTSPHASERECORDOFDISCUSSIONSWITHCLIENTDOCUMENTSTATINGCLIENTSNEEDSAND/ORARAPIDPROTOTYPESPECIFICATIONPHASESPECIFICATIONDOCUMENTSOFTWAREPROJECTMANAGEMENTPLANDESIGNPHASEARCHITECTURALDESIGNDETAILEDDESIGNOFEACHMODULEIMPLEMENTATIONPHASESOURCECODECOMMENTSINTHESOURCECODETESTCASESFOREACHMODULEINTEGRATIONPHASECOMMENTEDSOURCECODEOFPRODUCTASAWHOLETESTCASESFORPRODUCTASAWHOLEUSERMANUAL,OPERATORMANUAL,OTHERMANUALSMAINTENANCEPHASERECORDOFCHANGESMADE,WITHREASONSREGRESSIONTESTCASESMODIFIEDDOCUMENTATIONFROMPREVIOUSPHASESRETIREMENTPHASEWHYITWASRETIRED,WHEN,ANDBYWHOM评分标准每列出一个阶段的文档得1分，只列出7个阶段，而没有列出文档情况得2分，其他情况酌情扣分。47POINTS（5分）TWOKEYASPECTSSPECIALIZATIONANDHIERARCHY（2分）评分标准列出主程序员结构得5分，每列出1种特点得1分，如果只列出了主程序员的成员，而没有列出之间的关系，扣1分。其他情况酌情扣分。55POINTSBOTHAREREVIEWPROCESSESPERFORMEDBYTEAMSWITHTHEAIMOFFINDINGFAULTSINBOTHCASESTHEMATERIALISSTUDIEDBYINDIVIDUALTEAMMEMBERS,ANDTHENTHEMATERIALISREVIEWEDBYTHETEAMASAGROUPTHEMAJORDIFFERENCESAREANINSPECTIONISAFORMALFIVESTEPPROCESSWHILEAWALKTHROUGHHASTWOINFORMALSTEPSPREVIO