4LBZ-100型水稻收割机脱粒装置改进设计（全套含CAD图纸）
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下载后文件包含有 CAD 图纸和说明书,咨询 Q 197216396 或 119709851分 类 号 密 级 宁宁波大红鹰学院毕 业 设 计 (论 文 )4LBZ-100 型水稻收割机脱粒装置改进设计所 在 学 院 机 械 与 电 气 工 程 学 院专 业 机 械 设 计 制 造 及 其 自 动 化班 级姓 名学 号指 导 老 师下载后文件包含有 CAD 图纸和说明书,咨询 Q 197216396 或 119709852诚 信 承 诺我谨在此承诺：本人所写的毕业设计（论文） 4LBZ-100 型水稻收割机脱粒装置改进设计均系本人独立完成，没有抄袭行为，凡涉及其他作者的观点和材料，均作了注释，若有不实，后果由本人承担。承诺人（签名）： 下载后文件包含有 CAD 图纸和说明书,咨询 Q 197216396 或 11970985III摘 要收割机的发展方向将是向高科技化方向发展，制造出适用性强的收割机很有发展市场，对不同地区开发出不同的收割机是很有发展前途的。由此，相应的制造出高性能的水稻收割机是国外收获机的发展概况。该水稻水稻收割机可一次性完成收割、脱粒、分离和装袋作业。该机体积小、重量轻，操作灵活，通过性与适应性好，较好地解决了大、中型收割机在丘陵、山区和水田难以收割的难题。关键词：水稻脱粒装置；脱粒； 改进设计下载后文件包含有 CAD 图纸和说明书,咨询 Q 197216396 或 11970985IV下载后文件包含有 CAD 图纸和说明书,咨询 Q 197216396 或 11970985VAbstractThe development direction of harvester will be to high-tech direction, making out the applicability of harvester is the development of the market, is very promising for different regions developed different harvester. Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development of foreign harvester. The rice combine harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, flexible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harvester to harvest in the hilly, mountainous and paddy field.Key Words: rice thresher threshing; improved design;下载后文件包含有 CAD 图纸和说明书,咨询 Q 197216396 或 11970985VIVII目 录摘 要 .IIIAbstract.IV目 录 .V第 1 章 绪论.1第 2 章 总体方案确定.22.1 脱粒装置工作原理 .22.2 水稻水稻收割机总体设计 .32.2.1 水稻收割机的类型定位 .32.2.2 水稻收割机的整机结构及选择 .32.2.3 水稻水稻收割机的工作流程 .3第 3 章 脱粒装置设计.43.1 脱粒原理 .43.2 脱粒装置类型选择 .4第 4 章 动力的选择.64.1 整机消耗的功率计算 .64.1.1 脱粒装置的功率消耗的计算 .64.1.2 清选装置的功率消耗的计算 .64.2 柴油机的选择 .7第 5 章 传动装置设计.85.1 传动路线 .85.2 确定传动装置的传动比 .85.3 传动装置动力参数的计算 .85.4 皮带轮的设计与计算 .95.5 验算小带轮的包角 .105.6 确定 V 带根数 .105.7 单根 V 带预紧力的计算 .105.8 计算压轴力 .11VIII第 6 章 齿轮的设计与计算.126.1 材料的选择及许用应力的确定 .126.2 按轮齿接触强度的计算 .126.3 按齿根弯曲强度设计 .13第 7 章 轴的设计与计算.157.1 轴的材料选择 .157.2 轴的最小直径确定 .157.3 轴的结构设计 .157.4 轴的校核 .16第 8 章 键连接选择.19第 9 章 滚动轴承选用.209.1 滚动轴承校核 .209.2 脱粒滚筒转速计算 .219.3 滚筒直径计算 .219.4 脱粒滚筒长度确定 .22第 10 章 脱粒装置其他部分设计.2310.1 滚筒脱粒齿设计 .2310.1.1 弓齿形状选择 .2310.1.2 弓齿的排列 .2310.1.3 相关参数的计算 .2310.2 凹板的设计 .2410.2.1 凹板类型的确定 .2410.2.2 凹板直径的确定 .2410.2.3 凹板与滚筒之间间隙的确定 .25结论.26参考文献.27致 谢.28第 1 章 绪论1第 1 章 绪论脱粒装置为收割机械，是指以农作物种子的能力，源于机械分离，主要是指农作物收获机械。根据为谷物，不同类型的脱粒装置的材料。如“打米机”水稻脱粒使用;被称为“玉米脱粒装置”脱粒玉米等。收割机称为“谷机”，是机械脱粒稻最常用的手段。后需要第一水稻收割，稻粒的这种机械分离和茎。收割机分为两类，一类靠人力驱动器上，被称为“人类的节拍水稻机”，半机械化的工具;会打米机动力驱动，它被称为“力量收割机。”收割机出现大大降低了水稻收割的劳动强度，同时也提高农业生产力。切割小麦尚未经过，“颗粒”，这是在除了颗粒外壳，茎的过程。要做到这一点是使用老方法被称为“枷”使谷物和外壳仪器分离连续击败了小麦。其次是“年轻”的山谷，必须抛到空中谷类让风出光，不希望小米和“糠”的那部分，剩下的粮食落后。这是脱粒净化装置这是辛苦的、劳累至极的工作，而且花费的时间又很长。4000 平方米的小麦用手脱粒要花大约 5 天时间。它需要很长的时间。 4000 平方米小麦脱粒的手需要五天左右的时间。苏格兰发明家詹姆斯默克尔和他的儿子，安德鲁，要改变这种状况。经过长期的努力，终于在 18 世纪后期，詹姆斯已经开发出一种机器，配备了木制框架旋转鼓。安装在木制框架与窄带，当它变成以形成气体流，从而吹入外壳上的小麦。安德鲁返回到机加一个释放小麦壳扑设备。默克尔任何动力脱粒装置可以很容易地找到驱动源。他们选择使用马来司机第一台机器，但很快创建一个新的机器与水和蒸汽动力。脱粒装置是在美国，那里的劳动2力短缺很成功，但也大农业。脱粒装置和不受欢迎在英国。手工脱粒提供了农业工人冬季的就业机会。脱粒装置威胁着许多农业劳动者，使他们失去了工作。英文资料High-speed millingHigh-speed machining is an advanced manufacturing technology, different from the traditional processing methods. The spindle speed, cutting feed rate, cutting a small amount of units within the time of removal of material has increased three to six times. With high efficiency, high precision and high quality surface as the basic characteristics of the automobile industry, aerospace, mold manufacturing and instrumentation industry, such as access to a wide range of applications, has made significant economic benefits, is the contemporary importance of advanced manufacturing technology. For a long time, people die on the processing has been using a grinding or milling EDM (EDM) processing, grinding, polishing methods. Although the high hardness of the EDM machine parts, but the lower the productivity of its application is limited. With the development of high-speed processing technology, used to replace high-speed cutting, grinding and polishing process to die processing has become possible. To shorten the processing cycle, processing and reliable quality assurance, lower processing costs.1 One of the advantages of high-speed machiningHigh-speed machining as a die-efficient manufacturing, high-quality, low power consumption in an advanced manufacturing technology. In conventional machining in a series of problems has plagued by high-speed machining of the application have been resolved.1.1 Increase productivity High-speed cutting of the spindle speed, feed rate compared withtraditional machining, in the nature of the leap, the metal removal rate increased 30 percent to 40 percent, cutting force reduced by 30 percent, the cutting tool life increased by 70% . Hardened parts can be processed, a fixture in many parts to be completed rough, semi-finishing and fine, and all other processes, the complex can reach parts of the surface quality requirements, thus increasing the processing productivity and competitiveness of products in the market.1.2 Improve processing accuracy and surface quality High-speed machines generally have high rigidity and precision, and other characteristics, processing, cutting the depth of small, fast and feed, cutting force low, the workpiece to reduce heat distortion, and high precision machining, surface roughness small. Milling will be no high-speed processing and milling marks the surface so that the parts greatly enhance the quality of the surface. Processing Aluminum when up Ra0.40.6um, pieces of steel processing at up to Ra0.2 0.4um.1.3 Cutting reduce the heat Because the main axis milling machine high-speed rotation, cutting a shallow cutting, and feed very quickly, and the blade length of the workpiece contacts and contact time is very short, a decrease of blades and parts of the heat conduction. High-speed cutting by dry milling or oil cooked up absolute (mist) lubrication system, to avoid the traditional processing tool in contact with the workpiece and a lot of shortcomings to ensure that the tool is not high temperature under the conditions of work, extended tool life.1.4 This is conducive to processing thin-walled partsHigh-speed cutting of small cutting force, a higher degree of stability, Machinable with high-quality employees compared to the company may be very good, but other than the companys employees may Suanbu Le outstanding work performance. For our China practice, we use the models to determine the method of staff training needs are simple and effective. This study models can be an external object, it can also be a combination of internal and external. We must first clear strategy for the development of enterprises. Through the internal and external business environment and organizational resources, such as analysis, the future development of a clear business goals and operational priorities. According to the business development strategy can be compared to find the business models, through a comparative analysis of the finalization of business models. In determining business models, a, is the understanding of its development strategy, or its market share and market growth rate, or the staff of the situation, and so on, according to the companies to determine the actual situation. As enterprises in different period of development, its focus is different, which means that enterprises need to invest the manpower and financial resources the focus is different. So in a certain period of time, enterprises should accurately selected their business models compared with the departments and posts, so more practical significance, because the business models are not always good, but to compare some aspects did not have much practical significance, Furthermore This can more fully concentrate on the business use of limited resources. Identify business models, and then take the enterprise of the corresponding departments and staff with the business models for comparison, the two can be found in the performance gap, a comparative analysis to find reasons, in accordance with this business reality, the final identification of training needs. The cost of training is needed, if not through an effective way to determine whether companies need to train and the training of the way, but blind to training, such training is difficult to achieve the desired results. A comparison only difference between this model is simple and practical training.1.5 Can be part of some alternative technology, such as EDM, grinding high intensity and high hardness processingHigh-speed cutting a major feature of high-speed cutting machine has the hardness of HRC60 parts. With the use of coated carbide cutter mold processing, directly to the installation of a hardened tool steel processing forming, effectively avoid the installation of several parts of the fixture error and improve the parts of the geometric location accuracy. In the mold of traditional processing, heat treatment hardening of the workpiece required EDM, high-speed machining replace the traditional method of cutting the processing, manufacturing process possible to omit die in EDM, simplifying the processing technology and investment costs . High-speed milling in the precincts of CNC machine tools, or for processing centre, also in the installation of high-speed spindle on the general machine tools. The latter not only has the processing capacity of general machine tools, but also for high-speed milling, a decrease of investment in equipment, machine tools increased flexibility. Cutting high-speed processing can improve the efficiency, quality improvement, streamline processes, investment and machine tool investment and maintenance costs rise, but comprehensive, can significantly increase economic efficiency.2 High-speed milling High-speed milling the main technical high-speed cutting technology is cutting the development direction of one of it with CNC technology, microelectronic technology, new materials and new technology, such as technology development to a higher level. High-speed machine tools and high-speed tool to achieve high-speed cutting is the prerequisite and basic conditions, in high-speed machining in the performance of high-speed machine tool material of choice and there are strict requirements. 2.1 High-speed milling machine in order to achieve high-speed machiningGeneral use of highly flexible high-speed CNC machine tools, machining centers, and some use a dedicated high-speed milling, drilling. At the same time a high-speed machine tool spindle system and high-speed feeding system, high stiffness of the main characteristics of high-precision targeting and high-precision interpolation functions, especially high-precision arc interpolation function. High-speed machining systems of the machine a higher demand, mainly in the following areas:General use of highly flexible high-speed CNC machine tools, machining centers, and some use a dedicated high-speed milling, drilling. At the same time a high-speed machine tool spindle system and high-speed feeding system, high stiffness of the main characteristics of high-precision targeting and high-precision interpolation functions, especially high-precision arc interpolation function. High-speed machining systems of the machine a higher demand, mainly in the following areas: High-speed milling machine must have a high-speed spindle, the spindle speed is generally 10000 100000 m / min, power greater than 15 kW. But also with rapid speed or in designated spots fast-stopping performance. The main axial space not more than 0 .0 0 0 2 m m. Often using high-speed spindle-hydrostatic bearings, air pressure-bearing, mixed ceramic bearings, magnetic bearing structure of the form. Spindle cooling general use within the water or air cooled. High-speed processing machine-driven system should be able to provide 40 60 m / min of the feed rate, with good acceleration characteristics, can provide 0.4 m/s2 to 10 m/s2 acceleration and deceleration. In order to obtain good processing quality, high-speed cutting machines must have a high enough stiffness. Machine bed material used gray iron, can also add a high-damping base of concrete, to prevent cutting tool chatter affect the quality of processing. A high-speed data transfer rate, can automatically increase slowdown. Processing technology to improve the processing and cutting tool life. At present high-speed machine tool manufacturers, usually in the general machine tools on low speed, the feed of the rough and then proceed to heat treatment, the last in the high-speed machine on the half-finished and finished, in improving the accuracy and efficiency at the same time, as far as possible to reduce processing Cost.2.2 High-speed machining tool High-speed machining tool is the most active one of the important factors, it has a direct impact on the efficiency of processing, manufacturing costs and product processing and accuracy. Tool in high-speed processing to bear high temperature, high pressure, friction, shock and vibration, such as loading, its hardness and wear-resistance, strength and toughness, heat resistance, technology and economic performance of the basic high-speed processing performance is the key One of the factors. High-speed cutting tool technology development speed, the more applications such as diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), ceramic knives, carbide coating, (C) titanium nitride Carbide TIC (N) And so on. CBN has high hardness, abrasion resistance and the extremely good thermal conductivity, and iron group elements between the great inertia, in 1300 would not have happened significant role in the chemical, also has a good stability. The experiments show that with CBN cutting toolHRC35 67 hardness of hardened steel can achieve very high speed. Ceramics have good wear resistance and thermal chemical stability, its hardness, toughness below the CBN, can be used for processing hardness of HRC 5 0 parts. Carbide Tool good wear resistance, but the hardness than the low-CBN and ceramics. Coating technology used knives, cutting tools can improve hardness and cutting the rate, for cutting HRC40 50 in hardness between the workpiece. Can be used to heat-resistant alloys, titanium alloys, hightemperature alloy, cast iron, Chungang, aluminum and composite materials of high-speed cutting Cut, the most widely used. Precision machining non-ferrous metals or non-metallic materials, or the choice of polycrystalline diamond Gang-coated tool.2.3 High-speed processing technology High-speed cutting technology for high-speed machining is the key. Cutting Methods misconduct, will increase wear tool to less than high-speed processing purposes. Only high-speed machine tool and not a good guide technology, high-speed machining equipment can not fully play its role. In high-speed machining, should be chosen with milling, when the milling cutter involvement with the workpiece chip thickness as the greatest, and then gradually decreased. High-speed machining suitable for shallow depth of cut, cutting depth of not more than 0.2 mm, to avoid the location of deviation tool to ensure that the geometric precision machining parts. Ensure that the workpiece on the cutting constant load, to get good processing quality. Cutting a single high-speed milling path-cutting mode, try not to interrupt the process and cutting tool path, reducing the involvement tool to cut the number to be relatively stable cutting process. Tool to reduce the rapid change to, in other words when the NC machine tools must cease immediately, or Jiangsu, and then implement the next step. As the machine tool acceleration restrictions, easy to cause a waste of time, and exigency stop or radical move would damage the surface accuracy. In the mold of high-speed finishing, in each Cut, cut to the workpiece, the feed should try to change the direction of a curve or arc adapter, avoid a straight line adapter to maintain the smooth process of cutting.3 Die in high-speed milling processing of Milling as a highly efficient high-speed cutting of the new method,in Mould Manufacturing has been widely used. Forging links in the regular production model, with EDM cavity to be 12 15 h, electrodes produced 2 h. Milling after the switch to high-speed, high-speed milling cutter on the hardness of HRC 6 0 hardened tool steel processing. The forging die processing only 3 h20min, improve work efficiency four to five times the processing surface roughness of Ra0.5 0.6m, fully in line with quality requirements.High-speed cutting technology is cutting technology one of the major developments, mainly used in automobile industry and die industry, particularly in the processing complex surface, the workpiece itself or knives rigid requirements of the higher processing areas, is a range of advanced processing technology The integration, high efficiency and high quality for the people respected. It not only involves high-speed processing technology, but also including high-speed processing machine tools, numerical control system, high-speed cutting tools and CAD / CAM technology. Die-processing technology has been developed in the mold of the manufacturing sector in general, and in my application and the application of the standards have yet to be improved, because of its traditional processing with unparalleled advantages, the future will continue to be an inevitable development of processing technology Direction.4 Numerical control technology and equipping development trend and countermeasureEquip the engineering level, level of determining the whole national economy of the modernized degree and modernized degree of industry, numerical control technology is it develop new developing new high-tech industry and most advanced industry to equip (such as information technology and his industry, biotechnology and his industry, aviation, spaceflight, etc. national defense industry) last technology and getting more basic most equipment. Marx has ever said “the differences of different economic times, do not lie in what is produced, and lie in how to produce, produce with some means of labor “. Manufacturing technology and equipping the most basic means of production that are that the mankind produced the activity, and numerical control technology is nowadays advanced manufacturing technology and equips the most central technology. Nowadays the manufacturing industry all around the world adopts numerical control technology extensively, in order to improve manufacturing capacity and level, improve the adaptive capacity and competitive power to the changeable market of the trends. In addition every industrially developed country in the world also classifies the technology and numerical control equipment of numerical control as the strategic materials of the country, not merely take the great measure to develop ones own numerical control technology and industry, and implement blockading and restrictive policy to our country in view of “ high-grade, precision and advanced key technology of numerical control “ and equipping. In a word, develop the advanced manufacturing technology taking numerical control technology as the core and already become every world developed country and accelerate economic development in a more cost-effective manner, important way to improve the overall national strength and national position. Numerical control technology is the technology controlled to mechanical movement and working course with digital information, integrated products of electromechanics that the numerical control equipment is the new technology represented by numerical control technology forms to the manufacture industry of the tradition and infiltration of the new developing manufacturing industry, namely the so-called digitization is equipped, its technological range covers a lot of fields: (1)Mechanical manufacturing technology; (2)Information processing, processing, transmission technology; (3)Automatic control technology; (4)Servo drive technology; (5)Technology of the sensor; (6)Software engineering ,etc. Development trend of a numerical control technologyThe application of numerical control technology has not only brought the revolutionary change to manufacturing industry of the tradition, make the manufacturing industry become the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of numerical control technology and enlargement of the application, the development of some important trades (IT , automobile , light industry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the peoples livelihood of his plays a more and more important role, because the digitization that these trades needed to equip has already been the main
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